独立主格结构经典例句有哪些？

独立主格结构经典例句有以下：

1、名词(代词)+现在分词

Night enshrouding the earth, nobody could make out what the dark mass was from a distance 

黑夜笼罩大地，谁也看不清远处黑压压的一片是什么东西。

2、名词(代词)+过去分词

The workers worked still harder, their living conditions greatly improved

由于工人们的生活条件大大提高，他们工作得更起劲了。

3、名词(代词)+不定式

在“名词/代词+动词不定式”结构中，动词不定式和它前面的名词或代词如果存在着逻辑上的主谓关系，动词不定式则用主动的形式;如果是动宾关系，则用被动形式。

The four of us agreed on a division of labor, each to translate a quarter of the book

我们四人同意分工干，每人翻译全书的四分之一。

4、名词(代词)+形容词

The Trojans asleep, the Greek soldiers crept out of the hollow wooden horse特洛伊人睡着了，于是希腊士兵从中空的木马里悄悄爬了出来。

5、名词(代词)+副词

The meeting over, our headmaster soon left the meeting room

散会了，校长很快就离开了会议室。

6、名词(代词)+名词

His first shot failure，he fired again

他第一枪没击中，又打了一枪。

7、名词(代词) +介词短语

He lay at full length upon his stomach，his head resting upon his left forearm

他的脊背朝天，四肢伸展，头枕着左臂，直挺挺地趴伏着。

需知：

独立主格结构主要用于描绘性文字中，其作用相当于一个状语从句，常用来表示时间、原因、条件、行为方式或伴随情况等。例如：

表示时间

The meeting being over, all of us went home 开完会后我们都回家了。

Her work done, she sat down for a cup of tea 她干完了活，坐下来喝茶。

独立主格例句如下：

1）名词/代词+形容词

It stood silent in the noon sunlight, its door open 它的门敞开着，立在正午的阳光下。

2）名词/代词+现在分词

The men moved slowly forward, neck deep in the water, with their officers guiding them 在长官的带领下，这些男人在齐脖深的水里慢慢地前进着。

Winter coming, it gets colder and colder 冬天来了，天气越来越冷了。

The rain having stopped, he went out for a walk 雨停了，他出去散步。

The question having been settled, we wound up the meeting 问题解决之后，我们结束了会议。

3）名词/代词+过去分词

“Marquis,” said the boy, turning to the man, his eyes opened wide, and his right hand raised “侯爵，”男孩睁大了眼睛，举起右手，对那个男人说道。

4）名词/代词+介词短语

The huntsman entered the forest, gun in hand 那位猎人手里提着枪走进了树林。

He sat at the table, coat off, head down, and pen in hand 他坐在桌旁，外套脱了，头低着，钢笔拿在手中。

5）名词/代词+副词

Nobody in, the thief took a lot of things away 没人在家，贼偷走了很多东西。

Lunch over, he left the house But he was thinking 吃过午饭后，他离开了家。但他在沉思默想。

独立主格详解：

独立主格，首先它是一个“格”，而不是一个“句子”，在英语中任何一个句子都要有主谓结构，而在这个结构中，没有真正的主语和谓语动词，但又在逻辑上构成主谓或主表关系。

独立主格结构不是主谓完整的简单句，而只是一个短语。

其公式为：名词/名词短语/代词+不定式/ing分词/ed分词/形容词/副词/介词短语。名词前也可以加with。

独立主格结构是一个独立主格的名词或代词（作为逻辑主格），加上一个分词、形容词、副词、不定式、介词短语。其作用相当于状语，多用来表示行为、方式或伴随的情况，有时也用来表示时间和条件。这种结构多用在书面语中。

一、几种常见的独立主格结构形式

1名词（或代词）＋现在分词（或过去分词）。如：

1）The moon appearing,they decided to go on with theirjouney

2）Good-bye said,he went home

2名词（或代词）＋形容词。如：

3）The weather(being)hot,we all went swimming

3名词（或代词）＋不定式。如：

4）Some of the money to be paid by the thief, the policewent

4名词（或代词）＋介词短语。如：

5）He climbed in,sword in hand

5名词（或代词）＋副词。如：

6）The meeting(being)over, we left the room

独立主格结构的模式是:

主格名词/代词 + 分词/形容词/副词/不定式/介词短语

(作逻辑主语) (作逻辑谓语)

1 All our savings gone, we started looking for jobs

2 The question settled, we went home

3 The river having risen in the night, the crossing was impossible

主格名词/代词 + 分词 (过去分词/现在分词)

主格名词/代词 + 形容词

1 His mother being ill, he had to stay home to look after her

2 Other things being equal, I would buy the black dress

主格名词/代词 + 副词

The meeting being over, our headmaster soon left

the meeting-room

We to care for the children, you are able to be carefree

away from home

主格名词/代词 + 不定式

主格名词/代词 +介词短语

Our English teacher came into the classroom, papers in hand

with复合结构 与 独立主格结构

它们都可以在句中作原因状语,伴随状况状语,条件状语,时间状语或结果状语用,一般也可以相互转换虽然它们的语法功能和意义相同,但其结构形式和名称却不相同

with复合结构的模式是:

with+名词/代词+分词/形容词/副词/不定式/介词短语

独立主格结构的模式是:

主格名词/代词+分词/形容词/副词/不定式/介词短语

一,作时间状语

1,With winter coming on, the trees turn yellow and

some birds fly south

=Winter coming on, the trees turn yellow and some

birds fly south

二,作原因状语

1,With the weather terribly cold, we entered the

room to warm ourselves

= The weather terribly cold, we entered the room to warm ourselves

2,With the key having been lost, she could not

enter the room

= The key having been lost, she could not enter the room

三,作条件状语

1,With time permitting, we'll visit the Summer Palace

= Time permitting, we'll visit the Summer Palace

2,With the car going wrong, we'll have to stop

at the foot of the mountain

= The car going wrong, we'll have to stop at the foot

of the mountain

四,作伴随状语

1,The mother was cleaning the house with her baby

playing on the bed

=The mother was cleaning the house, her baby playing

on the bed

2,Last night I followed him, with a sword in my hand

= Last night I followed him , sword in hand

无论with复合结构还是独立主格结构,都不可有动词的谓语形式充当其中的逻辑谓语如下例中的was就必须去掉:

He sat at the desk reading

with a pen was in his right hand

with复合结构可以作后置定语修饰名词,而独立主格结构则不可作后置定语修饰名词

Soon she arrived at a park with grass green and

flowers in blossom

= Soon she arrived at a park whose grass was green

and whose flowers were in blossom

分词作状语

分词和分词短语作状语时，可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式和伴随情况。在表示时间、原因、条件、让步和方式时，通常可转换为相应的状语从句，表示方式和伴随情况时，可以转换为一个并列的谓语成分。

例如：Seeing the teacher entering the room,the students stood up(=When the students saw the teacher entering the room,they stood up)学生们看见老师走进房间，都站了起来。

Heated,ice will be changed into water(=When it is heated)当冰加热时，它就会变成水。(条件、时间)

Being excited,I couldn’t go to sleep(=As I was excited,I couldn’t go to sleep)我兴奋得睡不着觉。(原因)

I stood there,listening to the broadcast(=I stood there and listened to the broadcast)我站在那儿听广播。(伴随)

The children went away laughing(=The children went awayThey laughed as they went)孩子们笑着走开了。(行为方式)

Knowing all this,they made me pay for the damage(=Although they know all this)他们尽管了解这一切，还是要我赔偿损失。

分词作状语与主语的关系。

A 现在分词作状语时，现在分词的动作就是句子主语的动作，它们之间的关系是主动关系。

例如：He went out shutting the door behind him他出去后将门随手关上。

Not knowing what to do,he went to his parents for help由于不知如何办是好，他去找父母帮忙。

B 过去分词作状语时，过去分词表示的动作是句子主语承受的动作，它们之间的关系是被动关系。

例如：Given more attention,the trees could have grown better如果对这些树多关心一些，它们本来会长得更好。

Faced with difficulties,we must try to overcome them在遇到困难的时候，我们必须设法克服。

分词作状语时前面可用连词。

when,while,once,if,unless,though等引导的状语从句，若其主语与主句主语相同时，可保留该副词连接词，其余部分则化简为分词短语。

例如：When (being) free，I’ll fetch you有空时，我会来接你。

While walking along the street early in the morning,he saw her一早在街上散步时，他看到了她。

If falling ill,I’ll see my doctor如果生病我会去看医生。

Once completed,this power station supplies the nearby towns and villages with electricity这个电站一旦建成，将向附近的城乡供电。

Even though given every opportunity,they would not try即使给他们一切机会，他们也不肯试一试。

Though knowing the truth,he remained silent虽然他知道实情，却保持沉默。

Unless (being) rich,I am not going abroad除非有钱，要不然我是不会出国的。

分词作状语时，要特别注意其逻辑主语须和谓语动词的主语一致，否则分词必须有自己的主语。这种带主语的分词结构称作分词的独立结构，或独立主格。

例如：The rain having stopped,the soldiers continued their match雨停后，战士们又继续行军了。

The boys returned,their face covered with sweat孩子们回来了，满脸是汗。

〈注〉有时也可用“with(或without)+名词(或代词宾格)+分词”的结构，表示伴随情况。

例如：He fell asleep with the lamp burning他亮着灯睡着了。

The teacher entered the classroom,with a bag (being)in his hand老师进了教室，手中提着一个包。

还有很多，你到这里找吧。很多语法知识，要慢慢看，看多了就懂了。

http://wwwexam8com/xueli/kaoyan/zhidao/english/200505/11612_3html

写文章时用独立主格比用状语从句更简练优美，如果考试的话用独立主格肯定会比用状语从句更加分啊。 比如 When i was a boy,i liked playing football 这句话如果变成独立主格的话就是 Being a boy,i liked playing football

一、独立主格结构的形式英语中，独立主格结构的形式有两类：一类是：名词或代词跟形容词、副词、介词短语、非谓语动词连在一起，构成独立主格结构。另一类是：介词with / without后接名词或代词再跟形容词、副词、介词短语、非谓语动词连在一起，构成独立主格结构。A 名词或代词 +　形容词、副词、介词短语、非谓语动词1 名词 / 代词 + 不定式。如：A house to be built, we must save every cent 由于要建一座房子，我们必须节省每一分钱。Now here is Li Lei, Wei Fang to come tomorrow 现在李蕾来了，魏方明天到。2 名词 / 代词 + -ing分词。如：The bus coming here soon, we should get everything ready 汽车很快就要来了，我们应该把一切事情准备好。Mother being ill, Li Lei was very worried 母亲病了，李蕾非常焦急。3 名词 / 代词 + 动词的过去分词。如：His cup broken, he used his bowl instead 茶杯破了，他就用碗来代替。4 名词 / 代词 + 形容词。如：The ground muddy, we should be careful 地面泞泥，我们应该小心。5 名词 / 代词 + 副词。如：The class over, we all went out to play 下课后，我们都出去玩。6 名词 / 代词 + 介词短语。如Glasses in his hand, he asked where his glasses were 手里拿着眼镜，他问他的眼镜哪去了。 B 介词with / without + 名词或代词 + 形容词、副词、介词短语、非谓语动词1 with / without + 名词或代词 + 形容词He spoke to us with his mouth full of food 她口里含着食物跟我们说话。2 with / without + 名词或代词 + 副词He left the office with the lights on 他离开了办公室，让灯亮着。3 with / without + 名词或代词 + 介词短语The engineer came with a notebook in his hand 那个工程师手里拿着笔记本过来了。4 with / without + 名词或代词 + -ing分词Don’t brush your teeth with water running 不要在刷牙时让水流着。5 with / without + 名词或代词 + 动词不定式With so much work to do, the manager felt very worried 这么多工作要做，经理觉得很焦急。6 with / without + 名词或代词 + 动词的过去分词With the road blocked, they had to turn back and ran round it in another way 由于道路被堵，他们不得不转身从另一条路绕过去。

独立主格结构由两部分组成，前一部分是名词或者代词，后一部分是非谓语动词(不定式、动名词和分词)或形容词、副词、名词或介词短语。前后两部分具有逻辑主谓关系。

独立主格结构在句中做状语，多用于书面语。 独立主格结构本身不是句子，在句子中作状语，表示时间、原因、条件、伴随、目的等。

用法：

用作时间状语

The work done(=After the work had been done), we went home 工作完成后，我们就回家了。

用作条件状语

Weather permitting(=If weather permits), they will go on an outing to the beach tomorrow 如果天气允许的话，他们将在明天组织一次海滨小游。

用作原因状语

An important lecture to be given tomorrow(=As an important lecture will be given tomorrow), the professor has to stay up late into the night 因为明天要发表一个重要的演讲，教授不得不熬夜到很晚。

用作伴随状语

He was lying on the grass,his hands crossed under his head(=and his hands were crossed under his head)他躺在草地上，将两手交叉枕在脑后。

表示补充说明

We redoubled our efforts,each man working like two 我们加倍努力，一个人干两个人的活。

注：独立主格结构表示时间、条件或原因时，相当于一个状语从句，一般放在句首，表示原因时还可放在句末；表伴随状况或补充说明时，相当于一个并列句，通常放于句末。

类型：

1、一般独立主格形式

与主句逻辑关系松散

形式为: n + -ed/-ing形式; n +不定式; n +介词短语; n +形容词; n +副词;

名词/主格代词+现在分词

2、名词/主格代词与现在分词之间是主动关系。

如：

The girl staring at him(= As the girl stared at him), he didn't know what to say 姑娘两眼望着他，他不知道说什么好。

Time permitting(= If time permits), we will go for an outing tomorrow 如果时间允许的话，我们明天去郊游。

3、名词/主格代词+过去分词

名词/主格代词与过去分词之间是被动关系。

如：

The problems solved(= As the problems were solved), the quality has been improved 随着问题的解决，质量已经提高了。

Her glasses broken(= Because her glasses were broken), she couldn't see the words on the blackboard 由于眼镜摔坏了，她看不见黑板上的字。

4、名词/主格代词+不定式

名词/主格代词与不定式之间是主动关系，且强调的是一次具体性的动作。

如：

He is going to make a model plane,some old parts to help 借助于一些旧零件，他要做一个飞机模型。

They said good-bye to each other,one to go home, the other to go to the bookstore 他们道别后，一个回了家，一个去了书店。

5、名词/主格代词+形容词

如：

An air accident happened to the plane,nobody alive 那架飞机遭遇了空难，无一人生还。

So many people absent, the meeting had to be called off 这么多人缺席，会议不得不取消。

6、名词/主格代词+副词

如：

He put on his sweater ,wrong side out 他把毛衣穿反了。

The meeting over, they all went home 会议一结束，他们就都回家了。

7、名词/主格代词+介词短语

如：

The boy goes to the classroom,book in hand 那男孩手里拿着书去教室。

Mary was sitting near the fire,her back towards the door玛丽靠近火炉坐着，背对着门。

8、名词/主格代词+名词

His first shot failure，he fired again．

他第一枪没击中，又打了一枪。

Two hundred people died in the accident, many of them children

两百人死于事故，其中有许多儿童。

9、- with 引导的独立主格:与主句逻辑关系紧密

形式为: with + n + -ed/-ing形式; with + n +adj; with +n +介词短语

with ( without)+宾语（名词/代词）+宾语补足语，宾语通常由名词或代词充当，但代词一定要用宾格。上文的独立主格结构的几种情况都适用于此结构。

如：

The girl hid her box without anyone knowing where it was

小女孩把盒子藏了起来，没有人知道它在哪里。（without +名词/代词+动词的-ing形式）

Without a word more spoken, she left the meeting room

她没再说什么话就离开了会议室。（without+名词/代词+动词的-ed形式）

The kid feels excited with so many places of interest to visit

有这么多的名胜可参观，小孩很激动。（with+名词/代词+动词不定式）

The boy was walking, with his father ahead

父亲在前，小孩在后走着。（with+名词/代词+副词）

He stood at the door, with a computer in his hand 或He stood at the door, computer in hand

他站在门口，手里拿着一部电脑。（with+名词/代词+介词短语）

With his son so disappointing, the old man felt unhappy

由于儿子如此令人失望，老人感到很不快乐。（with+名词/代词+形容词）

在with (without) 的复合结构中，多数情况下with 能省略，但without 不能省略。

10、- each引导的强调型独立主格:

形式为:句子 +复数名词结尾 , each +介词短语/形容词短语/名词短语/-ing形式/-ed形式

这种独立主格结构为了强调句尾的复数名词

如:

Under the restructuring, the huge organization that operates the company's basic businesses will be divided into five groups,each with its own executive（题源:《GMAT语法全解》白勇著，Page38）

11、-There being +名词（代词）

There being nothing else to do, we went home 没有别的事可做，我们就回家了。

There being no further business, I declare the meeting closed 没有再要讨论的事了，我宣布散会。

12、-It being +名词（代词)

It being Christmas, the government offices were closed 由于圣诞节的缘故，政府机关都休息。

It being a holiday, all the shops were shut 由于今天是假日，所有商店都关门了。