求一篇介绍柯南道尔的英文文章，不要很难。2024年_美容

Sir Arthur Ignatius Conan Doyle, DL (22 May 1859 – 7 July 1930) was a Scottish author most noted for his stories about the detective Sherlock Holmes, which are generally considered a major innovation in the field of crime fiction, and for the adventures of Professor Challenger He was a prolific writer whose other works include science fiction stories, historical novels, plays and romances, poetry, and non-fiction

Arthur Conan Doyle was born on 22 May 1859, in Edinburgh, Scotland, to an English father, Charles Altamont Doyle, and an Irish mother, née Mary Foley, who had married in 1855[1] Although he is now referred to as "Conan Doyle", the origin of this compound surname is uncertain[2] Conan Doyle's father was an artist, as were his paternal uncles (one of whom was Richard Doyle), and his paternal grandfather John Doyle

Conan Doyle was sent to the Roman Catholic Jesuit preparatory school Hodder Place, Stonyhurst, at the age of eight He then went on to Stonyhurst College, but by the time he left the school in 1875, he had rejected Christianity to become an agnostic

From 1876 to 1881 he studied medicine at the University of Edinburgh, including a period working in the town of Aston (now a district of Birmingham) While studying, he also began writing short stories; his first published story appeared in Chambers's Edinburgh Journal before he was 20[3] Following his term at university, he served as a ship's doctor on a voyage to the West African coast He completed his doctorate on the subject of tabes dorsalis in 1885[4]

In 1882, he joined former classmate George Budd as his partner at a medical practice in Plymouth, but their relationship proved difficult, and Conan Doyle soon left to set up an independent practice[5] Arriving in Portsmouth in June of that year with less than £10 to his name, he set up a medical practice at 1 Bush Villas in Elm Grove, Southsea[6] The practice was initially not very successful; while waiting for patients, he again began writing stories His first significant work was A Study in Scarlet, which appeared in Beeton's Christmas Annual for 1887 and featured the first appearance of Sherlock Holmes, who was partially modelled after his former university professor, Joseph Bell Future short stories featuring Sherlock Holmes were published in the English Strand Magazine Interestingly, Rudyard Kipling congratulated Conan Doyle on his success, asking "Could this be my old friend, Dr Joe" Sherlock Holmes, however, was even more closely modelled after the famous Edgar Allan Poe character, C Auguste Dupin[7]

While living in Southsea he played football for an amateur side, Portsmouth Association Football Club, as a goalkeeper (This club disbanded in 1894 and had no connection with the Portsmouth FC of today, which was founded in 1898) Conan Doyle was also a keen cricketer, and between 1900 and 1907 he played 10 first-class matches for the MCC His highest score was 43 against London County in 1902 He was an occasional bowler who took just one first-class wicket

In 1885, he married Louisa (or Louise) Hawkins, known as "Touie", who suffered from tuberculosis and died on 4 July 1906[8] He married Jean Leckie in 1907, whom he had first met and fallen in love with in 1897 but had maintained a platonic relationship with her out of loyalty to his first wife Conan Doyle had five children, two with his first wife (Mary Louise (born 1889) and Alleyne Kingsley (1892 – 1918)) and three with his second wife (Jean Lena Annette, Denis Percy Stewart (17 March 1909 – 9 March 1955), second husband in 1936 of Georgian Princess Nina Mdivani (circa 1910 – 19 February 1987) (former sister-in-law of Barbara Hutton), and Adrian Malcolm)

In 1890, Conan Doyle studied the eye in Vienna; he moved to London in 1891 to set up a practice as an ophthalmologist He wrote in his autobiography that not a single patient crossed his door This gave him more time for writing, and in November 1891 he wrote to his mother: "I think of slaying Holmes and winding him up for good and all He takes my mind from better things" His mother responded, saying, "You may do what you deem fit, but the crowds will not take this lightheartedly" In December 1893, he did so in order to dedicate more of his time to more "important" works (his historical novels)

Holmes and Moriarty apparently plunged to their deaths together down a waterfall in the story, "The Final Problem" Public outcry led him to bring the character back; Conan Doyle returned to the story in "The Adventure of the Empty House", with the explanation that only Moriarty had fallen but, since Holmes had other dangerous enemies, he had arranged to be temporarily "dead" also Holmes ultimately appears in a total of 56 short stories and four Conan Doyle novels (he has since appeared in many novels and stories by other authors)

Following the Boer War in South Africa at the turn of the 20th century and the condemnation from around the world over the United Kingdom's conduct, Conan Doyle wrote a short pamphlet titled, The War in South Africa: Its Cause and Conduct, which justified the UK's role in the Boer war, and was widely translated

Conan Doyle believed that it was this pamphlet that resulted in 1902 in his being knighted and appointed Deputy-Lieutenant of Surrey He also in 1900 wrote the longer book, The Great Boer War During the early years of the 20th century, Sir Arthur twice ran for Parliament as a Liberal Unionist, once in Edinburgh and once in the Hawick Burghs, but although he received a respectable vote he was not elected

Conan Doyle was involved in the campaign for the reform of the Congo Free State, led by the journalist E D Morel and the diplomat Roger Casement He wrote The Crime of the Congo in 1909, a long pamphlet in which he denounced the horrors in that country He became acquainted with Morel and Casement, taking inspiration from them for two of the main characters in the novel, The Lost World (1912)

He broke with both when Morel became one of the leaders of the pacifist movement during the First World War, and when Casement committed treason against the UK during the Easter Rising out of conviction for his Irish nationalist views Conan Doyle tried, unsuccessfully, to save Casement from the death penalty, arguing that he had been driven mad and was not responsible for his actions

Conan Doyle was also a fervent advocate of justice, and personally investigated two closed cases, which led to two imprisoned men being released The first case, in 1906, involved a shy half-British, half-Indian lawyer named George Edalji, who had allegedly penned threatening letters and mutilated animals Police were set on Edalji's conviction, even though the mutilations continued after their suspect was jailed

It was partially as a result of this case that the Court of Criminal Appeal was established in 1907, so not only did Conan Doyle help George Edalji, his work helped establish a way to correct other miscarriages of justice The story of Conan Doyle and Edalji is told in fictional form in Julian Barnes' 2005 novel, Arthur & George

The second case, that of Oscar Slater, a German Jew and gambling-den operator convicted of bludgeoning an 82-year-old woman in Glasgow in 1908, excited Conan Doyle's curiosity because of inconsistencies in the prosecution case and a general sense that Slater was framed

After the death of his wife Louisa in 1906, and the deaths of his son Kingsley, his brother Innes, his two brothers-in-law (one of whom was E W Hornung, the creator of the literary character Raffles), and his two nephews shortly after World War I, Conan Doyle sank into depression He found solace supporting Spiritualism and its alleged scientific proof of existence beyond the grave

According to the History Channel program Houdini: Unlocking the Mystery (which briefly explored the friendship between the two), Conan Doyle became involved with Spiritualism after the deaths of his son and his brother Kingsley Doyle died from pneumonia on 28 October 1918, which he contracted during his convalescence after being seriously wounded during the 1916 Battle of the Somme Brigadier-General Innes Doyle died in February 1919, also from pneumonia Sir Arthur became involved with Spiritualism to the extent that he wrote a Professor Challenger novel on the subject, The Land of Mist

His book, The Coming of the Fairies (1921) shows he was apparently convinced of the veracity of the Cottingley Fairies photographs, which he reproduced in the book, together with theories about the nature and existence of fairies and spirits

In his The History of Spiritualism (1926) Conan Doyle praised the psychic phenomena and spirit materialisations produced by Eusapia Palladino and Mina "Margery" Crandon[9]

His work on this topic was one of the reasons that one of his short story collections, The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes, was banned in the Soviet Union in 1929 for supposed occultism This ban was later lifted Russian actor Vasily Livanov later received an Order of the British Empire for his portrayal of Sherlock Holmes

Conan Doyle was friends for a time with the American magician Harry Houdini, who himself became a prominent opponent of the Spiritualist movement in the 1920s following the death of his beloved mother Although Houdini insisted that Spiritualist mediums employed trickery (and consistently attempted to expose them as frauds), Conan Doyle became convinced that Houdini himself possessed supernatural powers, a view expressed in Conan Doyle's The Edge of the Unknown Houdini was apparently unable to convince Conan Doyle that his feats were simply magic tricks, leading to a bitter public falling out between the two

可能对彩妆比较了解的人都知道sigma这个品牌，sigma是美国的一个品牌，大家平时用到的化妆刷很多都是这个品牌的，而且sigma的化妆刷种类比较多，而且听说是非常好用的，不管眼妆还是底妆都可以用，那sigma化妆刷怎么样？sigma化妆刷测评

1、sigma12支套刷测评

mrbunny（babyblue）

makemeup系列（黑色湖绿色红色紫色）和mrbunny系列（黑色粉蓝色）差别除了颜色就是前者是动物毛+纤维毛后者是全纤维毛,我选这款有两个原因1颜值2懒,纤维毛比动物毛好打理太多了而且使用感差不到哪去

(1)眼部

E05用来上眼线会很细致

E30用来晕染眼线画眼尾三角区很好

E40就是送头晕染刷

E55抓粉力很强粉质松软的眼影用它很好然后眼头部分它可以完美驾驭

E60基础眼影刷用来上底色

E65眉刷也可以用来画眼线没有E05那么细致但是用它会很快速

E70鼻影刷这个画鼻影会很精确

(2)脸部

F30散粉刷貌似是sigma第二大头的刷子第一是F20毛质松软可能有人嫌它不够大但我感觉够了

F40斜角腮红刷我一般用来上阴影一点也不会显得脏

F50这把是很多功能的用来上腮红粉饼散粉高光都可以用我一般用来上腮红就算用重色也不会猴屁股

F60扁头粉底刷但我是不会用它上粉底的扁头的刷子用来上粉底简直就是噩梦全是刷痕我一般用它大面积遮瑕

F70遮瑕刷这个用来遮痘痘什么的会比较细致

因为sigma的刷型很像mac也可以说是mac的平价替代我有在专柜试过mac的刷子其实说实话并没有多大差别还不那么好打理总之我认为sigma真的是很值得入很实用的一套刷子各方面都很强大

(3)rt套刷

这两套刷子是我的入门刷子但是我觉得套刷好鸡肋啊可能单支的会比较好

不记得名字我就从左到右说起眼部的弄丢了一支最大的

(4)脸部

1/这个据说是腮红刷可是我几乎没用过弹性比较好一点也不松软刷腮红一不小心会变成一坨

2/这个是粉底刷我也不用这个刷粉底那时候基本是用它上上散粉腮红什么的但它也不是那么合适因为也不松软

3/平头粉底刷和sigma的平头一样只用来大面积遮瑕

4/遮瑕刷也是基本闲置总之这一套有个共同点就是弹性大到戳的脸疼

(5)眼部

1/似乎是晕染刷反正我就用来上大面积主色

2/眉刷它比较宽所以比较省时

3/这个我用来画深色眼影加深眼尾和睫毛根部也可以用来刷眼线

4/没怎么用过眼线刷但是戳的疼

5/就是不见了的那支最大的我一般用来上底色

rt这两套刷子眼部套装的性价比还可以但是脸部套装真的不推荐我几乎是闲置的

(6)底妆工具

粉底刷也有用过圆头刷但我个人更喜欢平头刷

资生堂131这个是大家po烂了的一款平价好用的粉底刷我也是这么觉得的刷毛很密刷的很细在没有入dior之前我一度认为这就是真爱了最不爽的一点就是后来它总是一缕一缕的以至于会有粉痕要刷好久才能刷掉它所以在我后来怒入了其他粉底刷以后基本不用它了

dior粉底刷这款刷型和131几乎是一样的刷毛比131要松软一些但是千万不要以为它们差不多贵是有贵的道理的用dior刷出来的底妆就像它的名字一样完美无瑕遮瑕度超高超级精致而且不会显厚

sigmaF80这款刷子比上面两款都要大sigma的明星刷子上妆速度极快三两下就可以搞定妆感轻薄当然遮瑕度就会比上两款稍差了日常用非常好,但是它们有一大缺点就是不好清洗因为密集所以里面会有很多残留的粉底液而且清洗的时候非常难干这三支刷子都是所以我每次都只敢洗一支

(7)粉扑

innesfree气垫粉扑虽然已经很久不用气垫了但是气垫粉扑还是挺喜欢的因为以前用它上妆觉得还是很服帖的innesfree单买粉扑20块一个一般带出门补妆的时候用浮粉的时候用吸油纸擦过喷上喷雾再用它把底妆拍均匀最后上粉饼很方便

美妆蛋如果我懒癌发作了就会用它上底妆打湿了拍拍拍拍拍就好了捏捏QQ弹弹的服帖省力又好用但是遮瑕度肯定不比用刷子也没有刷子省粉底

2、12把刷子作用介绍

E05-眼线刷：小尖头，适合上眼线胶和液体眼线用，画上去的线条十分柔和

E30-铅笔刷：锥形刷毛，适合晕染眼影眼线，或是上眼角高光用。会化妆的人都知道要想让眼妆自然，晕染是很重要的哟，相信很多看美妆视频的人都会经常听到化妆达人们说“下面我要用铅笔刷pencilbrush来稍稍把眼线晕染开”说的就是这种啦。我个人还喜欢用这个刷子画下眼影，因为刷头的大小，还有它锥形的刷头画下眼影太适合不过啦，让眼妆看起来更自然

E40-晕染刷：这款晕染刷是专门晕染眼影的，特别是眼窝部位的眼影（很多没有眼窝的同学喜欢化妆时画出假眼窝的效果，这可是门技术活，突显假眼窝，眼影一定要有层次，颜色由浅到深自然过度，这时候木有好的晕染刷来均匀调和眼影的颜色怎么可以嘛！大家要知道不管你涂几种眼影，一定都是要晕染的哦！同时这也是只画烟熏妆必不可少的刷刷）

E55-眼影刷：中号短毛眼影刷，能将眼影均匀的涂抹整个眼皮，抓色非常给力（一般赶着出门时我喜欢用E55粘大地色眼影大面积涂抹在眼皮上直接出门，瞌睡的眼睛瞬间有了好气色捏哈哈）

E60-大号眼影刷：和E55形状差不多，但是毛比较长，适合上膏状眼影打底（这款刷子我会用来直接沾取香槟色大面积涂抹在眼皮上打底用）

E65-小斜角刷：扁头斜角刷可以画出十分精细的线条，用它填补睫毛空隙的眼线再合适不过了（我个人用它沾取眼线膏画内眼线感觉非常顺手，要知道很多人化妆必不可少的就是眼线，但往往有些人只画外眼线而忽略了内眼线和填补睫毛缝隙之间的眼线，这样睫毛之间没有被填补眼线的地方会露出一点一点的肉色，妆容变得一点都不精致。这款刷子还可以用来画眉毛，上眉粉用哦）

E70-中型斜角刷：松软斜角刷毛，非常适合用来眉骨打亮和画鼻影用（我个人喜欢用这款刷子画鼻影，斜角刷头特别适合为山根打阴影用，而且打出来的阴影非常自然）

F30-大号散粉刷：12支刷子里最大的松散毛刷子，能够均匀的抓粉，均匀的涂抹整脸，同时也可以用它来上身体的粉（大刷头的好处就是不管你脸有多大两三下就能上好散粉哦）

F40-大号斜角修容刷：松散斜角刷毛，适合画腮红和修容用

F50-多功能刷：可以用来上粉状，液体，或是膏状的产品（认识MAC家最有名的187刷刷的人就会发现这只刷子和187长得一模一样功能也是一样的啦，可以用它上粉底液啦，腮红啦，散粉啦质量赶超MAC187但价钱可是便宜的不止一点点呢，而且Sigma是做刷子出生的呢，主要就是经营彩妆刷）

F60-粉底刷：扁平毛刷头，适合上粉底液和膏状粉底用（我一般用它当大面积遮瑕刷用）

F70-遮瑕刷：样子就是F60的缩小版，遮盖小瑕疵用（痘子啊，痘印啊，雀斑啊都用它！）

3、sigma化妆刷怎么样

我的所有化妆刷差不多都是来自sigma这个品牌。一开始是因为我是化妆小白，看别人种草了sigma的F80平头粉底刷就入手了，的确对化妆小白来说非常容易上手。下面我就来介绍一下我的小画笔们的使用感。

F80平头粉底刷：这把可能是sigma最热卖的刷子吧，因为真的十分好用！！毛质官网写的是纤维毛，拿到手很柔软细腻，刷在脸上很舒服且几乎不掉毛。纤维毛比动物毛耐操，我每次清洗都是粗暴的蹂躏哈哈。用这把刷子上妆可谓省时省力，我的用法是将粉底点涂全脸，然后轻轻刷开，底妆会很服帖均匀和自然轻薄，也不会有刷痕（之前在dior买了粉底，附送了一把小的粉底刷，完全没有这个好用，难刷开且脸上会有刷痕）。也能轻微遮瑕，一般有需要遮瑕的地方我就在需要遮瑕的位置再点一层粉底，然后用刷子点涂开就好了。这边刷子我陆续入手了3把，换着用，也推荐了身边的朋友入了，真的很好用！！

F20散粉腮红刷：这把毛质是羊毛，上脸同样很舒服很柔软（sigma我入的每把刷子都是毛质柔软不刺脸）刷子很大刷毛很厚实抓粉力超强的，沾两次散粉就能刷完全脸了。散粉腮红集于一体，还是蛮方便的。

F40轮廓修容刷：这把是斜角的，我用来做脸部轮廓修容用。刷子稍微有点羊膻味，毛相对其他的比较稀疏，抓粉力也没那么好，但是用来上阴影就不容易下手太重。

E65眼线刷：手残党不会眼线笔的我，发现了这把眼线刷很好上手，毛质很软而且斜角设计可以更好的填满睫毛空隙。我是搭配BOBBIBROWN的流云眼线膏，我买眼线膏的时候有送一把刷子，真心不太好用，画的不流畅而且用一次之后膏体遗留在刷子上就会变硬然后很戳眼睛，等于没用一次都要洗。但是sigma这把眼线刷就不会，画起来很流畅，基本都是一笔完成，而且不用每次都洗用之前在湿纸巾上擦掉上一次的膏体就好了。也可以用来当眉刷，但是我还没用过。

E70鼻影刷：马毛的，这把是用来刷鼻影的，小小一把抓粉效果不错，上鼻影不会太重。

E60眼影刷：用来上眼影底色用。

E55眼影刷：平行的刷头毛量厚实，主要用作下眼影晕染及眼睛睫毛以上的眼影晕染。

E40:比较蓬松毛量较稀疏，但是抓粉力不错，我喜欢用作眼窝晕染效果很好。

E30:是白色刷头，锥形毛挺厚实，局部晕染用。我喜欢用来眼尾上色。

E05:可用于画内眼线及眼尾线条拉伸。

L05:唇膏刷，后半截可拆卸当盖子，方便携带。唇膏刷的话一般化妆师会用的比较多，我平常都是唇膏直接用，所以这个买来一直闲置没怎么用。后面几只眼部的化妆刷，我都是怎么顺手怎么用的，没有特定说哪一把一定要用在哪个部位的，所以小红薯们也没必要过于纠结哦！还有化妆刷我觉得是一星期至少要清洁一遍的，不然很容易滋生细菌，对皮肤不好。我用过大创、MAC跟资生堂的洗刷液。大创便宜而且洗的是干净，但是泡沫太难洗干净。MAC用量很费，一瓶给我洗不了几次就没了，性价比不高。推荐资生堂的洗刷液，用量很省，洗的很干净。每次只要挤一点到杯子里，然后兑水，把化妆刷打湿然后放进杯子里浸泡一下来回旋转几圈再清水洗干净，然后用纸巾把水吸掉放通风处晾干就好，不能暴晒哦！还有推荐大创专用的粉扑洗液，一般很脏的粉扑，用水打湿后挤一点洗液搓一下就能亮洁如新哈哈。