passive romanticism名词解释

消极浪漫主义 passive romanticism

浪漫主义的一种倾向,与积极浪漫主义相对立,又叫做被动的浪漫主义或反动的浪漫消极浪漫主义反映着没落阶级的生活态度和思想情绪。它怀恋过去，逃避现实，经常运用的题材多是死的恐怖、个人的哀怨和冥思遐想等，在作品中表现出低沉抑郁的悲观主义情调

清教主义 Puritanism

浪漫主义 Romanticism

Romanticism was a movement in literature， philosophy， music and art which developed in Europe in the late 18th and early 19th centuries Starting from the ideas of Rousseau in France and from the Storm and Stress movement (狂飙运动) in Germany Romanticism emphasized individual values and aspirations (灵感) above those of society As a reaction (反应) to the industrial revolution (工业革命)， it looked to (承上启下) the Middle Ages and to direct contact with nature (与大自然的直接接触) for inspiration (灵感)。 Romanticism gave impetus (动力支持) to the national liberation movement (民族解放运动) in 19th century Europe

启蒙运动 Enlightenment Movement

Enlightement was an intellectual (知识分子) movement originating in France， which attracted (吸引) widespread (普遍的) support (支持) among the ruling (统治阶级) and intellectural classes of Europe and North America in the second half of the 18th century It characterizes the efforts (作用) by certain European writers to use critical reason (批评推理) to free minds from prejudice (偏见)， unexamined authority (权威) and oppression (压迫) by Church or State (国家政权)。 Therefore the Enlightenment is sometimes called the Age of Reason (理智的年代)。

Romanticism (or the Romantic era/Period) was an artistic, literary and intellectual movement that originated in the second half of the 18th century in Europe and strengthened in reaction to the Industrial Revolution