Ozymandias诗的中文+英文赏析

Ozymandias诗的中文：

奥兹曼迪亚斯（杨绛 译）

雪莱

我遇见一位来自古国的旅人

他说：有两条巨大的石腿

半掩于沙漠之间

近旁的沙土中，有一张破碎的石脸

抿着嘴，蹙着眉，面孔依旧威严

想那雕刻者，必定深谙其人情感

那神态还留在石头上

而斯人已逝，化作尘烟

看那石座上刻着字句：

“我是万王之王,奥兹曼斯迪亚斯

功业盖物,强者折服”

此外，荡然无物

废墟四周，唯余黄沙莽莽

寂寞荒凉，伸展四方

Ozymandias诗的英文赏析如下：

Before reading Ozymandias, I glanced at the writer’s name, Percy Bysshe Shelley, one of the major Romantic poets, whom is not unfamiliar to me When it comes to Shelley, a famous sentence flashed upon my mind, “If Winter comes, can Spring be far behind”

Personally speaking, I really admire Shelley because of his romantic life experience Also, William Wordsworth appraise Shelley as “One of the best artists of us all”, and Lord Byron, Shelley’s close friend once said of him “Without exception the best and least selfish man I ever knew”

From the French writer André Maurois’s Biography of Shelley, Shelley is regarded as a character who has strongly tragic fate, he is a rebel by nature, he will not fit into any environment, but his works still concerns the reality

From all of the lectures, Ozymandias is the poem whom I really admire When I first read this poem, I seem to enter into a totally different world It is a scene of utter desolation, only a bust of Ozymandias on a pedestal among the bleak desert 

By means of imagination, I seemed like to stand in the desert, watching the colossal, it is a great masterpiece, still reveals the vigor and strength when Ozymandias ruled his country The stone must have witnessed many dynasty changes in the course of history Meanwhile, this historical impression extensively expresses some description which are highly capable of creating mental pictures

Then I heard the sound, “My name is Ozymandias, king of kings: Look on my works, ye Might, and despair!” the voice whistled through the fierce wind, and makes a person shiver There is no doubt that the monologue brings out the arrogant and overconfident side of Ozymandias Ozymandias, who was the king of kings before, was obsessed by power Even now he became a stone and would be impossible to move, he still remembered his own brilliant merits

Besides the strong images and imagination, there are also some reason why I like Ozymandias To some degree, the theme of this poem is ambiguous, which covers many dimensions, and that is why I really admire Ozymandias

Firstly, this poem can be regarded as the satire aimed at magnates The king who had absolute power inevitably was in his last throes, and his country drew on rapidly towards destruction in the end, “Nothing beside remains”, “The lone and level sands stretch far away” At the same time, I think that Shelley wrote this poem for the sake of mocking people who were in authority 

As I know, “Ozymandias” was written in 1818, at which time Shelley may be forced to Italy with Mary and Clare Claremont, the cast off lover of Byron, showing a total disregard to other people and their feelings On the one hand, Shelley hated so-called conservative rules On the other hand, he considered that this prejudice was bound to fade away However, Shelley was able to only represent it to readers by metaphors In this poetry the king’s voice was a  metaphor for the attack Similarly, these kind of rules and bondage would wear down in the end

Secondly, this poem reflects that art and beauty can not be everlasting The sculpture of Ozymandias, as a symbol of beauty, was hard to bear the exposure of rain and wind day after day, only leaving the broken and lifeless debris By the way, how long could the Ozymandias existed in the desert, and who knew Faced with the power of time, every perfect thing would become imperfect, time is so strong that can ruin everything

Thirdly, this poem demonstrates that only time is perpetual, everything including power, artistic beauty even human beings, as time goes by will all be gone Time is so powerful that it destroys everyone’s brilliant victories But eventually, no one will escape the fate No one has the capacity to transcend time

As the proverb goes: There are a thousand Hamlets in a thousand people's eyes

There are just three of the ambiguous themes that I have came up with As for other themes, I do think that Ozymandias likes a highlight, throw off many different aspects which give readers space of imagination to fill in the gap 

Reading some reference materials, I realized that Ozymandias was a Greek name for the Egyptian king Ramesses II (1304-1237 BC) Records the inscription on the pedestal of his statue (at the Ramesseum, on the other side of Nile river from Luxor ) as “King of kings am I, Ozymandias If anyone would know how great I am and where I lie, let him surpass one of my works”

Horace Smith once also wrote a poem describing Ozymandias Someone considered that they took the same subject, told the same story, even made the same moral point But from my own perspective, Shelley’s sonnet is more refined than Smith’s There were different voices appeared in Shelley’s poem For instance, the king’s voice was high, representing he took charge of power; the sculptor said nothing but he may discern everything; the traveller told the narrator the whole story, and the narrator witnessed the story To some degree, it's also a suggestive story of people facing an uncertain future, and of a country searching for a new sense of patriotic identity

Work Cited:

The Poems of Shelley,II: 1817-1819 [London: Pearson, 2000]:311

Trans CH,Oldfather, Loeb Classical Library, vol 33 [Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press, 1961]: I 47

Reiman, Donald H and Sharon BPowers Shelley’s Poetry and Prose Norton 1977ISBN 0-393-09164-3

André, Maurois Ariel Ou La Vie Shelly ISBN 7308121836

扩展连接：

珀西·比希·雪莱（英文原名：Percy Bysshe Shelley，公元1792年8月4日—公元1822年7月8日），英国著名作家、浪漫主义诗人，被认为是历史上最出色的英语诗人之一。英国浪漫主义民主诗人、第一位社会主义诗人、小说家、哲学家、散文随笔和政论作家、改革家、柏拉图主义者和理想主义者，受空想社会主义思想影响颇深。

雪莱生于英格兰萨塞克斯郡霍舍姆附近的沃恩汉，12岁进入伊顿公学，1810年进入牛津大学，1811年3月25日由于散发《无神论的必然》，入学不足一年就被牛津大学开除。1813年11月完成叙事长诗《麦布女王》，1818年至1819年完成了两部重要的长诗《解放了的普罗米修斯》和《倩契》，以及其不朽的名作《西风颂》。1822年7月8日逝世。恩格斯称他是“天才预言家”。

“Ozymandias” 是英国浪漫主义诗人雪莱（Percy Bysshe Shelley）写的一首十四行诗，首次发表于1818年1月11日的 The Examiner。第二年，它被收入了Rosalind and Helen, A Modern Eclogue; with Other Poems （1819年）以及他在1826年出版的诗歌的遗作。“Ozymandias”是雪莱最着名的作品，经常被选集。

雪莱在与他的朋友兼诗人霍拉斯史密斯（1779-1849）的友好竞争中写下了这首诗，史密斯也同样以“Ozymandias”写了一首十四行诗，并且在在雪莱的十四行诗之后几周，史密斯的诗也被发表在 The Examiner上。这两首诗都探索了历史的命运和时间的蹂躏：即使是最伟大的人和他们伪造的帝国也是无常的，他们的遗产决定于衰败。

在古代，Ozymandias（Ὀσυμανδύας）是埃及法老拉美西斯二世的希腊名字。雪莱于1817年开始写他的诗，不久之后大英博物馆宣布从公元前13世纪收购了拉美西斯二世雕像的一大片，导致一些学者相信雪莱的灵感来自于此。雕像头部和躯干的725吨碎片于1816年被意大利冒险家乔瓦尼巴蒂斯塔贝尔佐尼从底比斯的拉美西斯太平间寺庙中移除。预计它将于1818年抵达伦敦，但直到1821年才到达。

参考资料：

Ozymandias-Wikipedia（维基百科）

珀西·比希·雪莱-

1、拜伦

乔治·戈登·拜伦，出生于1788年的伦敦，终年36岁。他是英国19世纪初期伟大的浪漫主义诗人，代表作品有《恰尔德·哈洛尔德游记》、《唐璜》等，并在他的诗歌里塑造了一批“拜伦式英雄”。

2、雪莱

雪莱出生于1792年英国萨塞克斯郡霍舍姆附近的菲尔德·普莱斯的贵族家庭，他是英国空想社会主义色彩最浓的浪漫主义诗人。他被誉为诗人中的诗人。其一生见识广泛，不仅是柏拉图主义者，更是个伟大的理想主义者。

3、济慈

济慈，全名约翰·济慈，出生于18世纪末年的伦敦，他是杰出的英诗作家之一，也是浪漫派的主要成员。济慈很早就尝试写作诗歌，他早期的作品多是一些仿作，1817年，济慈的第一本诗集出版。

他在疾病和贫困中依然写出了大量的优秀作品，其中包括《圣艾格尼丝之夜》、《夜莺颂》和《致秋天》等名作。1821年2月23日，济慈于在意大利疗养时逝世。

4、华兹华斯

英国浪漫主义诗人，曾当上桂冠诗人。其诗歌理论动摇了英国古典主义诗学的统治，有力地推动了英国诗歌的革新和浪漫主义运动的发展。

5、塞缪尔·泰勒·柯勒律治

英国诗人、文评家，英国浪漫主义文学的奠基人之一。一生作诗不缀，但中年时自称弃诗从哲，精研以康德、谢林为首的德国唯心论。他的“鸦片瘾”、他的个人魅力、他与华兹华斯的微妙关系，使他成为西方文学史上最令人注目的作家之一。

Li Bai

Of the three great poets of the Tang dynasty, Li Bai (Li Po in older texts) is probably the one most familiar to western readers He was born in 701 in Gang Xiao Sheng, a territory of China, and when five years old followed his merchant father to Sichuan Of an independent and bohemian nature

译文

李白 在唐代的三位伟大诗人中，李白(老版的李波)可能是最熟悉西方读者的人。他生于701年，在中国的一个领土上，5岁时跟随他的商人父亲到四川。一种独立不羁的天性。Du Fu

born 712,Xiangyang,China

died 770,Hunan

Chinese poet,often considered the greatest of all time

After a traditional Confucian education,he failed the important civil service examinations and consequently spent much of his life wandering,repeatedly attempting to gain court positions,with mixed successHis early poetry,which celebrates the natural world and bemoans the passage of time,garnered him renownHe suffered periods of extreme personal hardship,and as he matured his verse began to express profound compassion for humanityAn expert in all the poetic genres of his day,he is renowned for his superb classicism and skill in prosody,though many of the subtleties of his art do not survive translation

杜甫 生于712年,向阳,中国 死于770年,湖南 中国诗人，常被认为是有史以来最伟大的诗人。 在传统的儒家教育之后，他没有通过重要的公务员考试，因此他的大部分生活都在游荡，不断地试图获得法院的职位，并取得了不同的成功。他早期的诗歌，歌颂自然世界，为时光的流逝而哀叹，使他重新拥有了自己。他经历了极度的个人困难时期，随着他的成熟，他的诗歌开始对人类产生深刻的同情。他是一位在所有诗歌流派中都有经验的专家