在十九世纪五十年代末的太平洋彼岸,善于发明创造的爱迪生的后裔们把古老神州人们的幻想或多或少地变成了现实。五十年代初美国西海岸是弄潮儿们大试身手的地方。他们使用普通木头和价格昂贵的轻木制成的冲浪板在风口浪尖上寻找乐趣。到五十年代中期,模压聚氨酯泡沫和玻璃纤维取代了木制冲浪板。这些新型冲浪板的机动性和耐用性使得冲浪运动在五十年代末大为流行。
滑板运动是冲浪运动在陆地上的延伸。前者受地理和气候条件的限制,而后者则有更大的自由度。阳光明媚的南加州海滩社区的居民们很快制出了世界上第一块滑板。
在今天看来,那是相当古朴的一项发明:一块5050CM的木板固定在轮滑的铁轮子上即使这样一个简单的运动器械,因为它能提供冲浪给人带来的同样心理感受,也引起了人们的足够兴趣。
但是,这种第一代滑板由于其本身的落后性(板太笨重,无弹性,转向机构不灵敏,轮子太滑等),滑板运动并未得到像今天这样的普及,这种最早的滑板可以在滑板录像节目《禁止》(Ban This)中看到。
第2代的滑板诞生于1962年。这是由橡木多层板压制而成的1560厘米的板面、轮滑转向桥和塑料轮子组成的。和第一代滑板相比,这种滑板无疑是技术上的一个飞跃。但是,这种滑板的塑料轮的性能依然很不理想。他的过小的附着摩擦力使滑板急转弯时失控;而他的低弹性则是滑板遇到即使微小的障碍物也会嘎然而止,把滑手摔下来。同时,他的耐磨性也太差。尽管如此,这种滑板仍然受到滑手们的普遍欢迎。毕竟,和前一代滑板相比,它已经有了很大程度的进化,相对宽大的板面使滑手们更容易站立和操纵。中国国内现在销售的滑板大多数属于这种第二代产品。
1973年,一个叫弗兰克·纳斯沃西的滑板爱好者第一次把聚氨酯轮子安上他的滑板并取得意想不到的效果。他随即开始把这种叫“卡迪拉克”牌的轮子卖给他的滑板朋友们。这种柔韧的轮子不仅耐磨,而且可以使滑板安全稳当的急转弯,轻而易举的碾过地上的小障碍物。第三代滑板就这样发明了。由于滑板从冲浪衍生的原因,七十年代初的滑板文化基本上是带有冲浪印记的文化。滑板爱好者和滑板公园的建设者们一开始建造了不少模拟冲浪的地形。后来,他们终于意识到,由于滑板比冲浪板的阻力小,重量轻,可以建立不同于冲浪而更适合滑板的地形以取得更大的速度、机动性和自我表现能力。
加州Santa Monica 的“West wind”滑板队把废弃的钥匙孔型泳池作为练习垂直表面滑板的场地,一时间在加州形成了寻找泳池热。从这时起,滑板运动与冲浪运动不仅是从器材、场地,也从人员上,彻底分离出来,成为突起的一支异军。这支新军不涉足冲浪,一心钻研滑板,并开始形成自己的语言、技巧、衣饰风格和音乐爱好。形成了新生的、以城市为主导的滑板次生文化。
七十年代中期是第三代滑板飞速发展的时期。预感到一种新型的体育运动就要应运而生,无数个由滑板和冲浪爱好者建立的小型滑板公司如雨后春笋般出现,开始在技术质量上展开全面的竞争。聚氨酯轮子的潜力被充分挖掘出来。不断改进的聚氨酯轮子使滑板附着摩擦力加强,速度增加,甚至可以滑上垂直表面。
此外,对滑板材料的研究开发也达到了穷及一切的地步。硬塑、铝合金、玻璃纤维,甚至高科技的碳素复合材料都被用来试制滑板。最终,抗冲击性能好,重量轻的加拿大糖枫担负起了新一代滑板材料的历史使命。
另外,由Powell公司发明的跨越大障碍物的聚氨酯轮子和斯蒂文森专利的凹型滑板尾部使第三代滑板更上一层楼。
80年代末,由于滑板运动本身的发展和滑手们对滑板技巧要求的提高,以及为了适应U型池(vert ramp)双向滑行的需要,一种与前三代滑板形状完全不同的两头翘起、形状对称的滑板出现了,这就是第四代滑板。目前只有滑手们使用的都是第四的滑板。第四代滑板改用硬岩枫重量更轻,弹性更好滑板轮硬度高,弹性好,更适合高速滑行由于重量平衡,第四代滑板更适合各种翻转动作。
九十年代初,滑板运动走入了一个低谷时期。由于正处于滑板换代的时期,滑板从一头改为两头,因而出现了许多前一代滑板不可能完成的动作。这个时期是滑板运动的技巧性动作(technical tricks)时代。滑手们发明了很多新的动作。同时为了使滑板更容易翻转,滑板板面变得很窄,轮子变得很小。这个时期一块典型的滑板宽度只有7英寸,而轮子直径只有39mm左右。这样的滑板虽然更易于做出复杂的动作,但是较小的轮子却妨碍了它的滑行性能。
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Fifty years in the late nineteenth century, on the other side of the Pacific, at the Edison inventions were the descendants of ancient China to a greater or lesser extent people's fantasies become a reality The beginning of the fifties the US West Coast is a major test of beach-goers have a place to test their abilities They use the high cost of ordinary wood and light wood surfboard into waves in the air to find the fun To the mid-fifties, molded polyurethane foam and fiberglass replaced the wooden surfboard These new surfboard flexibility and durability make surfing much in popularity at the end of the fifties
Surfing skateboarding is an extension of the land The former by the geographical and climatic conditions, while the latter have greater flexibility Sunny beaches of Southern California residents in the community quickly produced a piece of the world's first skateboard
It seems today, it is a very simple invention: a piece of wood 50 50CM iron fixed in the roller wheels Even such a simple sports equipment, because it can offer the same Surf bring psychological feelings, but also aroused sufficient interest
However, this first generation of skateboards as a result of the backwardness of their own (too heavy plate, inflexibility, insensitivity steering, wheels too slippery, etc) have not been as skateboarding's popularity today, the first slide board skateboarding video in the "prohibited" (Ban This) see
No 2 on behalf of the skateboard was born in 1962 This is made from oak to suppress MLB 15 60 cm board, roller bridge and plastic wheels turn composed of And the first generation of skateboarding, this skateboard is a leap in technology However, this skateboards-round performance of the plastic is still much to be desired His force is too small to make the attachment a sharp turn when the out-of-control slide; and his flexibility is low, even if small skateboard obstacles encountered also to hand down to slide At the same time, he is also poor wear resistance Nevertheless, this is still slippery slide their hands in general After all, compared to the previous generation of skateboards, which have a high degree of evolution, a relatively large surface of the plate so that the hands were slippery to stand up and manipulated more easily China's domestic sales are now the majority of skateboard products this is the second generation
In 1973, a man named Frank skateboard enthusiasts纳斯沃西the first time he installed polyurethane skateboard wheels and achieve an unexpected effect He then began to call this "Cadillac" brand of skateboard wheels sold to his friends This flexibility not only the wear resistance of the wheels, and skateboarding safety could turn secure, easy to run over small obstacles on the ground In this way the third generation skateboard invented As a result of surfing skateboarding derived from reason, the beginning of the seventies skateboard culture is imprinted with the culture of surfing Skateboard park, skateboard enthusiasts and builders have begun the construction of a simulated surfing a lot of terrain Later, they finally realized that, because of the surfboards skateboards resistance than the small, light weight, can create different from the surf and the terrain more suitable for skateboards in order to achieve greater speed, mobility and ability to self-expression
Santa Monica, California's "West wind" skateboard team abandoned the key to pass the swimming pool as a practice venue skateboard vertical surface, a time to find form in the California heat swimming pools From that time on, skateboarding and surfing, not only from the equipment, the venue, but also from the staff, the completely separate process to become a new horizon The new army is not involved in surfing, skateboarding one study, and began to take shape in their own language, skills, clothing and music-loving style The formation of a new life to city-led secondary skateboard culture
The third generation of the mid-seventies was a period of rapid development of skateboarding A feeling that will be a new type of sports came into being, numerous skateboarding and surfing enthusiasts from the establishment of a small skateboard company like mushrooms appear in the technical quality of the competition to carry out comprehensive The potential of polyurethane wheels are fully excavated Continuous improvement to make the polyurethane skateboard wheels attached to enhance the friction, the speed increase, or even slip on a vertical surface
In addition, materials research and development of skateboarding has reached the point where the poor and all Hard plastic, aluminum, fiberglass, and even high-tech carbon composite materials have been used to skateboard trial Ultimately, good shock resistance, light weight maple sugar in Canada take on a new generation of mission skateboards materials
In addition, the company invented by Powell big barrier across the Stevenson patent polyurethane wheels and the rear of the concave so that the third generation skateboard skateboard the next level
The late 80's, due to the development of skateboarding itself and sliding on the skateboard in hand skills required, as well as in order to meet the U-Chi (vert ramp) needs two-way slide, a slide with the three generations of two completely different shape tilt, the shape of a symmetrical skateboards, skateboard This is the fourth generation At present, only slippery hands are used by the Fourth of skateboarding Slide switch to the fourth generation of hard rock maple lighter weight, better flexibility Skateboarding round of high hardness, good elasticity, more suitable for high-speed taxiway Because of the weight balance, the fourth generation is more suitable for a variety of flip skateboard action
The early nineties, skateboarder into a low period As the new generation is in a period of skateboards, skateboards changed from a 2, resulting in a lot of skateboards can not be completed before the generation of action That period was a skateboarder and action skills (technical tricks) era Waterloo hands were invented many new moves At the same time in order to more easily flip skateboards, skateboarding has become a very narrow face plate, the wheel has become very small This time the width of a typical skateboard, only 7 inches, and wheels about the diameter of only 39mm Although this kind of skateboard to make it easier for complex movements, but has smaller wheels glide hamper its performance
为skateboard,可以简称为skate或sk8 。
滑板术语:80 转体180度比如180 frontsideollie。360 转体360度比如360 shove-it kickflip。411柿 411双月刊滑板录像杂志,介绍滑板录像节目。5-0 磨后桥发音'five-oh'。用后桥在障碍物边缘上磨碾。所谓磨碾,即用桥体而不用轮。50-50 磨双桥一种磨桥动作。在障碍物边缘上用前后桥同时磨碾。A邵氏硬度滑板轮硬度指标。值越高硬度越大,硬度越大,反弹越低。
滑板的技巧主要包括:The AerialL(在滑杆上)、The Invert(在U台上)、The Ollie(带板起跳),这些技术可说为除了翻板之外最重要的滑板动作。世界上两个重要的滑板国际组织:国际滑板商协会以及世界杯滑板赛。
板鞋的强度:滑板鞋的鞋底和鞋帮的材料最好为聚胺脂的,鞋面最好为厚实的翻毛牛皮,这样比较耐磨。注意平时Ollie带板时所用到的鞋的位置,在选鞋时尽量避开这些位置有接线的鞋,这样可防止板鞋过早的因脱线而报废。CONVERS所出的新款的板鞋,鞋头部位都有“ABR”超耐磨材料包裹,十分耐用。
扩展资料:
做为一个滑手不可缺少的就为滑板服饰,而滑板多种多样。有很多风格`最常见的就为普通的滑板风格,然后就为PUNK类的衣服一般都是比较紧身的。HIPHOP类的衣服一般都为比较宽松的,还有其他很多风格的衣服。主要滑板品牌的衣服有DC`Element`Vans等。
在二十世纪五十年代末的太平洋彼岸,善于发明创造的爱迪生的后裔们把古老神州人们的幻想或多或少地变成了现实。五十年代初美国西海岸为弄潮儿们大试身手的地方。使用普通木头和价格昂贵的轻木制成的冲浪板在风口浪尖上寻找乐趣。
-滑板
Ollie是滑板的一种动作,即是豚跳。
一、滑板分类
按年代分
二十世纪九十年代之前的滑板大致可分为:
(1)街式(street)滑板;
(2)泳池花式(pool)滑板;
(3)半管道式(half pipe)滑板;
(4)平地自由花式(freestyle flatland)滑板;
(5)下山速降式(speed downhill) 滑板共五大类。
二十世纪九十年代之后的滑板大致可分为:
(1)街式滑板(普通滑板 );
(2)速降板(长板);
(3)小鱼板(包括大鱼板)共三大类,其中不包括第四代滑板(电动滑板)和第五代滑板(油动滑板)。
1、街式滑板,有许多的爱好者和优秀选手;
2、泳池花式滑板和半管道式滑板就合并成高台花式(vert)滑板;
3、平地自由花式滑板就已经失传;
4、下山速降式滑板也有一定的爱好者将其称为长板;
后来还泛生出另一种撬式下山速降(luge),躺在一条装有四个轮子及支架的长雪撬上玩速降的滑板,它比用滑板下山速降刺激多了。
按专业程度分
玩具板
玩具板指仅供滑行的滑板,初学者也可以用。初学者应选择平坦的滑行场地,在滑行时应戴上护肘、护腕、护膝、头盔等护具。
专业板
专业板,这是每一个真正玩滑板的人都应该认识并且熟悉的,你的极限生涯,从此就以它为伴。由于滑手要做各种各样的高难动作以及各种各样的花样,甚至是稀奇古怪的玩法,因此专业板的所有各部件的强度以及各种性能指标应满足使用要求。
具体分街式和U池,公路式,山坡速降式,区别不大,U池板比较宽,桥比较软,公路式板面很长(其实公路板已经独立发展成为了另一种运动,简称LongBoard),山坡速降式有较高的桥和充气轮胎。
二、Ollie教学
站姿
前脚横向垂直踩踏在板面上,脚外侧距离滑板前桥四颗钉5CM左右,脚尖可超出板侧面一点,脚后跟可以超出板面。后脚发力点不是脚趾,而是脚前掌,用你脚前掌的发力点踩在距离板尾5CM左右的板面纵向中心线上。要注意后脚的站姿很重要,因为发力点稍有偏差,Ollie起来之后滑板走的就不会是直线了。
平衡
在滑行中下蹲准备Ollie时,首先最重要的是重心,重心始终放在滑板正中心的垂直线上。在整个Ollie的过程中重心只有上下的移动,没有任何前后左右的偏移。初学者要注意匀速直线滑行,这样你和板是相对静止的,如果重心也保持的很好,会很容易找到Ollie的平衡。
节奏
在向上Ollie的过程中,前脚向上收、后脚向下踩板打地、身体向上跃起,这三个动作没有先后是同时进行的,这个很重要。前脚向上收是用脚外侧控板,注意不是用脚底控板;
后脚向下踩板打地要用很强的爆发力,板尾打地的一瞬间后脚要像触电一般迅速向上收起。再次强调,这三个分解动作如果能熟练掌握并能够做到同时发力,你就能很好地控制Ollie的节奏。
滞空
Ollie的滞空时间虽然只有短短的零点几秒,但是还有几个需要注意的地方。首先是重心,重心仍然是保持在滑板正中心的垂直线上;其次是前脚,前脚用脚外侧控板尽力向上收,不要晃动或向下蹬板;
最后是后脚,后脚向下踩板打地的力度与向上收起的速度和高度是成正比的,打地的力度越大收起的速度也就越快高度也就更高。这里初学者要注意Ollie起来之后,后脚向上收的高度尽量不要超过前脚的高度,两脚在空中尽量把滑板收平保持住,这就是你的滞空。
缓冲
最后用你的双脚在空中尽量把滑板收平保持住,让你的脚与滑板在不受外力的情况下自由落体,注意一定不要在下落的时候用脚把滑板往地上踩,这样会使你的动作显得比较僵硬。
落地的一瞬间要注意弯曲你的膝盖,帮助缓冲因落地而带来的惯性。建议初学者要着重练习Ollie落地后缓冲的意识,这样对你以后练习其它高难度滑板动作会有很大的帮助。
三、选购技巧
轮子
选用材料时,要考虑其适用于不同的场地路面,如地板路面、水泥路面、柏油路面等。无论在什么路面上滑行,轮子都要有良好的弹性、耐磨性,而且硬度要适中,还要保证轮子对路面有足够的摩擦系数。
缓冲垫
主要起到缓冲和减震作用。其一是在路面出现凸凹不平时,起到减震作用;其二是在大运动量时,起到保护零件作用;其三是起到使身体保持平衡的作用。
板面
一般选用加拿大枫木多层板压缩而成,压缩工艺分为冷压与热压,冷压即不用添加胶合物直接将木片进行压缩,更为先进,性能更好。板面具有高强度冲击韧性及良好的弹性,当在一定高度跳上滑板时,保证踏板不受到损坏。
支架
支架,我们简称为“桥”,桥是整个滑板中承受最多扭力,最多挤压,最多摩擦的滑板配件。桥一般采用合金浇铸,各品牌之间工艺与设计也有所差别。桥有高、中、低之分,同时,桥的中轴长度也与不同板面宽度相匹配。
扩展资料:
安全事项
1、使用前将轮子调整好,使其运转自如。
2、要根据自己的使用情况用锁紧螺母合理调整缓冲垫的弹性。
3、注意防水,尽量不要让滑板沾水,不要在潮湿或粗糙的路面上滑行。
4、初学者需要在亲友的帮助下,在倾斜角度小的坡面上滑行,随着技术水平的提高,逐步调换不同的坡度。
5、紧急情况下,可以选择脚刹或跳下滑板。跳下滑板时,要观看是否会撞着周围的人或其它物品。
6、如需换件,其换件应适应现有配件规格。不一定非要与原配件规格完全一样。
7、轴承一般不再需要额外加润滑油。
-Ollie
-滑板 (极限运动项目)
the mighty desert is burning for the love of a bladeof grass whoshakes her head and laughs and flies away
无垠的沙漠热烈追求一叶绿草的爱,她摇摇头笑着飞开了。
2The road to a lover’s house is never long
通往爱人家里的路总不会漫长。
3We all live in the past We take a minute to know someone, one hour to like someone, and one day to love someone, but the whole life to forget someone
我们每个人都生活在各自的过去中,人们会用一分钟的时间去认识一个人,用一小时的时间去喜欢一个人,再用一天的时间去爱上一个人,到最后呢,却要用一辈子的时间去忘记一个人。
4When you feel hurt and your tears are gonna to drop Please look up and have a look at the sky once belongs to us If the sky is still vast , clouds are still clear, you shall not cry because my leave doesn’t take away the world that belongs toyou
当你的心真的在痛,眼泪快要流下来的时候,那就赶快抬头看看,这片曾经属于我们的天空;当天依旧是那么的广阔,云依旧那么的潇洒,那就不应该哭,因为我的离去,并没有带走你的世界。
5Why I have never catched the happiness Whenever I want you ,I will be accompanyed by the memory of
为什么幸福总是擦肩而过,偶尔想你的时候,就让回忆来陪我。
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