二宾语从句基本用法小结
1主句与从句时态一致
(1)如果主句是现在的某种时态(包括一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时),那么宾语从句的时态可根据实际情况而定。
I remember he gave me a book yesterday
我记得他昨天给了我一本书。
He has told me that he'll leave for New York tomorrow
他已经告诉我明天他就动身去纽约了。
(2)如果主句是过去的某种时态(包括一般过去时、过去进行时),那么宾语从句一定要用过去的某种时态(包括一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时)。
He told me that he would take part in the high jump
他告诉我他将会参加跳高比赛。
He asked me if I had taken his soap
他问我是否拿了他的肥皂。
(3)如果宾语从句表示的是客观事实或真理时,即使主句是过去时,从句也用一般现在时态。
He told me that the earth goes around the sun(真理)
他告诉我地球围着太阳转。
He said that Yao Ming is much taller than him(事实)
他说姚明比他高很多
2宾语从句的语序
宾语从句的语序要用陈述句的语序。在把两个独立的句子连成一个含有宾语从句的复合句时,要特别注意从句的语序,即按照主语、谓语的顺序。
What's Kate's e-mail address Do you know
=Do you know what Kate's e-mail address is
你知道凯特的e-mail地址吗?
3宾语从句的连接词
(1)当宾语从句是陈述句时,用that引导
She was a good girl,the teacher told us=The teacher told us(that) she was a good girl
老师告诉我们她是一个好女孩
(2)当宾语从句是一般疑问句时,构成宾语从句用whether或if连接,句尾的标点符号取决于主句。
①Are you from JapanHe asked me
=He asked me if/whether I was from Japan
他问我是不是来自日本。
②Do you like watching TV He asked me
=He ased me if/whether I liked watching TV
他问我是否喜欢看电视?
(3)当宾语从句时特殊疑问句时,连接词就用原来的疑问词,但一定要注意用陈述句语序。
When did he leave for Japan?Could you tell me
=Could you tell me when he left for Japan
你能告诉我他什么时候到日本吗?
4注意
(1)在主从复合句中,当主句的主语为第一人称,谓语动词是think,believe,suppose等时,要将从句的否定词转移到主句中,即主句的谓语动词用否定式,而从句的谓语动词用肯定式。
I don't think he will come with you
我认为他不会和你一起来的。
(2)当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同,且主语的谓语动词是know,remember,forget,learn等时,从句可简化为“疑问句+不定式”结构。
She doesn't know what she should do next
=She doesn't know what to do next
她不知道下一步该怎么办
宾语从句
一
定义
:在复合句中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句
二
种类
:
1
由that引导的宾语从句---当从句是陈述句时,用that引导宾语从句.在口语和非正式文体中,that可以省略
I
know
(
that
)
you
like
English
He
told
me
(
that
)
he
would
go
there
next
week
2
由whether
/
if
引导的宾语从句---当从句是一般疑问句,选择疑问句或反意疑问句时,用whether
/
if引导宾语从句,并且要把疑问的语序变为陈述的语序.一般情况下,whether
/
if可以替换.但下面四种情况,只能用whether引导宾语从句.
He
asked
me
whether
/
if
I
liked
my
job
I
want
to
know
whether
/
if
you'll
come
to
the
party
(A)当句子中出现
or
not
时,必须用whether引导宾语从句
I
want
to
know
whether
or
not
youlike
me
I
want
to
know
whether
you
like
me
or
not
(B)当主句的谓语动词是由”动词+介词”构成的短语时,必须用whether引导宾语从句
They're
talking
about
whether
they'll
go
there
(C)当宾语从句为了起强调作用,放在句首时,必须用whether引导宾语从句
Whether
you
like
me
,
I
want
to
know
(D)当
if
容易引起歧义时,必须用whether引导宾语从句
Please
let
me
know
if
youlike
it
(宾语从句
,
if
=”是否”)
Please
let
me
know
if
you
like
it
(条件状语从句,
if
=
”如果”)
3
由特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句---当从句是特殊疑问句时,要用特殊疑问词引导宾语从句,并且要把疑问的语序变为陈述的语序.
He
asked
them
why
they
hadn't
finished
their
homework
4
由形容词引导的宾语从句---
当主句的谓语动词是由”be+形容词”构成的系表结构做谓语时,用形容词引导宾语从句
I
am
sorry
(
that
)I
am
late
He
is
very
glad
(
that
)
you'll
help
him
动词+that引导的从句的例句
1、I hope that you will enjoy our performance
我希望你会喜欢我的演出。
2、I hope that everyone will be able to join in the fun
我希望每个人都能够加入进来,玩得开心。
3、I just live in hope that one day she'll talk to me
我只是妄想着有一天她会和我说话。
主从复合句的用法
主从复合句包含两个或多个主谓结构,其中一个(或多个)主谓结构充当句子某一(些)成分,如宾语、状语、定语等等。
充当某一成分的句子称为从句,带有从句的句子称为主句。从句对主句的关系是从属关系。主句和从句之间有一定的连接词加连接。
my uncle tell me that my brothe earn much money last year
这就是一个含有宾语从句的复合句。主句是my uncle tell me that 引导的宾语从句作为主句谓语动词tell的间接宾语。而且that可以省略,如有疑问可以继续交流!!!
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