我提供更加详细的几个词的辨析:
look,sight,view,glance,glimpse这组名词在一起比较的含义都与视觉有关。
look 一般有这样两层含义:对视觉器官的使用,即“朝……看”;看的行为所产生的印象,用于人时指“神态”或“样子”,用于物时指“面貌”
May I have a look at it please
请让我看一看好吗?
The old city has taken on a new look
旧城换新貌。
sight 表示“视觉所接受的景象”,但不含有“自觉地使用视觉器官”的意思,而表示“目的物进入了眼帘”。这时它虽是名词,却有动作的含义,常用于 catch sight of 和 at the sight of 等短语中。sight 在用于表示风景时,一般有修饰语来说明“特征”,从而使视觉所接受的印象更为明确,更为具体
…but it suddenly caught sight of the drunk
但是那公牛突然看到了那个酒汉。
…you can enjoy the extraordinary sight of unbroken cloud plains…
……你可以欣赏那连绵不断的云海的非凡景象……
view 在表示动作概念时,含有注视的意思;在表示风景时,不象 sight 那样要求有修饰语。如果说 sight 有“视力”的含义,那么 view 有“见解”的含义
…The landscape is hidden from view …
…大地的风光被遮住而看不见了……(其含义是想去观赏,凝视)
An aeroplane offers you an unusual and breathtaking view of the world
飞机为你提供非凡的,令人惊诧不已的地球景色。(句中的 view 既有凝视的动作含义,又有风景的状态含义)
He always takes an extreme view
他总是持极端见解。
glance 的原义是“闪现”,如活动着的反光物体在阳光下的闪烁,后来慢慢演变为“迅速的看”这一含义
He took a glance at it briefly, and then he told me to look again
他向它略略瞟了一眼,然后叫我再看看。
glimpse 既可表示瞥一眼的行为,又可表示瞥一眼所看到的东西
When he began to play a tune, we had our first glimpse of the snake
当他开始吹一支曲子时,我们第一次瞥见了那条蛇。
This is my glimpse of New York
这就是我对纽约的一瞥所见。
view
[vju:]
n
景色, 风景, 观点, 见解, 观察, 观看, 意见, 认为
vt
观察, 观看
view
view
AHD:[vy›]
DJ[vju8]
KK[vju]
n(名词)
An examination or inspection:
检查,核查:
used binoculars to get a better view
用双目望远镜进行更好的检查
A systematic survey; coverage:
审视,综览:系统性观察;覆盖面:
a view of Romantic poetry
浪漫诗歌综览
An individual and personal perception, judgment, or interpretation; an opinion:
观点,见解:个人的察觉、判断或者解释;意见:
In his view, aid to the rebels should be suspendedSee Synonyms at opinion
他的观点是,对反叛者提供的援助应该停止参见 opinion
Field of vision:
视野:
The aircraft has disappeared from view
飞机从视野中消失了
A scene or vista:
场景或远景:
the view from the tower
从塔上看到的景色
A picture of a landscape:
风景画:
a view of Paris, done in oils
用油墨画的巴黎风景画
A way of showing or seeing something, as from a particular position or angle:
呈现,观查:从一个特定位置或者角度看事物的方式:
a side view of the house
那间屋子的侧面形象
Something kept in sight as an aim or intention:
目的,旨在:在视域里的目标或者意向:
“The pitch of the roof had been calculated with a view to the heavy seasonal rains”(Caroline Alexander)
“房顶的沥青是为了预防季节性的暴雨的”(卡罗琳·亚历山大)
Expectation; chance:
期望,机会:
The measure has no view of success
这个措施无望奏效
vtr(及物动词)
viewed, viewing, views
To look at; watch:
看;观看:
view an exhibit of etchings
观看一个雕刻展览会
To examine or inspect:
检查,查看:
viewed the house they were thinking of buying
查看他们想购买的房子
To survey or study mentally; consider
审度,考虑:用头脑观察或者学习;考虑
To think of in a particular way; regard:
视作,认为:用一种特殊方式思考;认为:
doesn't view herself as a success; viewed their efforts unfavorablySee Synonyms at see 1
不认为她自己成功了;对他们的努力无好感参见 see1
in view of
Taking into account; in consideration of
鉴于;考虑到
on view
Placed so as to be seen; exhibited
为能看到摆出来的;展出的
Middle English vewe
中古英语 vewe
from Anglo-Norman [from feminine past participle of] veoir [to see]
源自 英法语 [] 源自veoir的阴性过去分词 [看]
from Latin vid¶e see weid-
源自 拉丁语 vid¶e 参见 weid-
view“able
adj(形容词)
view
[vju:]
n
视野; 视界
The house has a view over the sea
这座房子面向大海视野开阔。
景色;风景
风景画;风景照片
概念;见解
What is your view on school punishments
你对学校的处罚有什么看法?
in view of
鉴于;考虑到
with a view of
为了,目的在于
view
vt
观看;仔细看
to view a picture
观看一幅画
Several possible buyers have come to view the house
几个可能是买主的人来看过房子。
认为;把…看作是
The plan was viewed favorably
这项计划是受到称赞的。
view
来自古法语 veue <reoir 看<拉丁语 videre
view
attitudebeholdbeliefconceptionfeelingideaimpressionjudgmentlook atnotionobserveopinionoutlookperceiveregardseesentimentsighttheorythoughtwatch
sight
[sait]
n
视力, 视觉, 见, 瞥见, 视域, 眼界
sight
sight
AHD:[sºt]
DJ[sait]
KK[sa!t]
n(名词)
The ability to see
视觉:看见的能力
The act or fact of seeing:
见,看见:看见的行为或事实:
hoping for a sight of land; caught sight of a rare bird
希望能看见陆地;看见了一种稀有鸟类
Field of vision
视野
The foreseeable future; prospect:
先见,预见:可以预见的将来;前景:
no solution in sight
短期内没有解决方法
Something seen; a view
看见的物体;景象
Something worth seeing; a spectacle:
值得一看的事物;风景:
the sights of London
伦敦的风光
Informal Something unsightly:
非正式用语 不雅观的事物:
Your hair is a sight
你的头发很难看
A device used to assist aim by guiding the eye, as on a firearm or surveying instrument
瞄准器:通过引导眼睛以帮助瞄准的一种装置,如火器或测量仪器上的
An aim or observation taken with such a device
瞄准:用这样一种装置进行瞄准或观测
An opportunity to observe or inspect
观测或检查的机会
Upper Southern US A large number or quantity:
美国南部偏北 许多:大数目或大数量:
A sight of people were there
那儿有许多人
v(动词)
sighted, sighting, sights
vtr(及物动词)
To perceive with the eyes; get sight of:
目视,看见:用眼睛察觉,看见:
sighted land after 40 days at sea
在海上漂泊了四十天之后看见了陆地
To observe through a sight or an optical instrument:
目测,观察:通过视觉或光学仪器观测:
sight a target
观测一目标
To adjust the sights of (a rifle, for example)
调整(如步枪的)的准度
To take aim with (a firearm)
瞄准:用(一火器)瞄准
vintr(不及物动词)
To direct one's gaze; look carefully
观察:指引某人的目光;仔细地看
To take aim:
瞄准:
sighted along the barrel of the gun
顺着枪管进行瞄准
on sight
Immediately upon being seen:
一看见立刻:
threatened to shoot looters on sight
一看见暴民就威胁要射击
out of sight俚语
Remarkable; incredible:
奇特的;不可置信的:
The graduation party was out of sight
毕业生晚会太棒了
sight for sore eyes非正式用语
One whom it is a relief or joy to see
乐于见到的人或物
sight unseen
Without seeing the object in question:
没有看见被谈论的物体:
bought the horse sight unseen
未经察看买下那匹马
Middle English
中古英语
from Old English sihth, gesiht [something seen] see sek w- 2
源自 古英语 sihth, gesiht [没有被看见的事物] 参见 sek w- 2
sight
[saIt]
n
景象,景物
视觉,视力
She lost her sight in an accident
她在一次事故中丧失了视力。
看,观望;观览
I caught sight of an empty seat at the back of the bus
我看到公共汽车的后面有一个空座位。
视野,眼界
to put sth out of sight
藏起某物
值 得看的事物;名胜
to see the sight
游览名胜
很难看的东西;很可笑的 事物
What a sight she looks in that old dress!
她穿那件旧衣服看来是多么可笑!
瞄准器;准星;标尺
大量,许多
It cost him a sight of money
那花了他许多钱。
in sight
可见,看得见;在望;不远
Peace was in sight
和平在望。
lose sight of
看不见;失去信息;失去联系;忘记;没有考虑到
out of sight
看不到,不被看到;很高;很大
Keep out of my sight
不要让我看见你。
sight
vt
看 见;发现;见到
After many months at sea, Columbus sighted land
在海上许多月以后,哥伦布发现了陆地。
瞄准;观测
sight
来自中古英语 siht<古英语[ge]siht看
sight
displaylooksceneshowspectacleviewvisionvista
scene
[si:n]
n
现场, 场面, 情景, 景色, 发生地点, [戏剧]一场, 布景, 道具布置
scene
scene
AHD:[s¶n]
DJ[si8n]
KK[sin]
n(名词)
Something seen by a viewer; a view or prospect
景象:观察者看到的东西;景色或景象
The place where an action or event occurs:
现场:一行为或事件的发生地:
the scene of the crime
犯罪现场
Abbr scThe place in which the action of a play, movie, novel, or other narrative occurs; a setting
缩写 sc舞台场景:戏剧、**、小说或其它叙述性事件的发生地;场景
A subdivision of an act in a dramatic presentation in which the setting is fixed and the time continuous
(戏剧中的)一场:在场景固定及时间连续的戏剧表演中一幕的分段
A shot or series of shots in a movie constituting a unit of continuous related action
(**中的)一景:在**中以连续相关的动作为构成单位的一个镜头或一系列镜头
The scenery and properties for a dramatic presentation
布景:戏剧演出的布景和道具
A theater stage
舞台:戏院的舞台
A real or fictitious episode, especially when described
事件:尤指描写时真实的或虚构的事件
A public display of passion or temper:
发脾气:当众显露情绪或发脾气:
tried not to make a scene
尽量别当众吵闹
A sphere of activity:
活动范围:
observers of the political scene
政治圈的观察家
Slang A situation or set of circumstances:
俚语 情况:情景或特定的环境:
a bad scene; a wild scene
糟糕的情形;狂乱的情形
behind the scenes
Backstage
后台
In private
秘密地
French scène [stage]
法语 scène [舞台]
from Old French
源自 古法语
from Latin scaena
源自 拉丁语 scaena
from Greek sk¶¶} [tent, stage]
源自 希腊语 sk¶¶} [帐篷,舞台]
scenario
[sI5nB:rIEJ]
n
-rios
**脚本;剧情说明书
计划说明书
scene
[si:n]
n
(戏剧)一场,一景; (**、广播等)一场
(戏剧)场景,布景
This play is divided into three acts, and each act has three scenes
这个剧分为三幕,每一幕有三个场景。
景色,风景
The scene is a perfect dream when you see the sun rising slowly in the east
"观看太阳从东方慢慢升起,这种景色确实太美了。"
现场,出事地点
the scene of a great battle
大战现场
a crowd at the scene of the accident
在出事地点的人群
The ancient Rome battlefield was a scene of great carnage
古罗马战场曾尸横遍地。
情景;场面
angry scenes in Parliament
国会中的愤怨情景
What a quiet but lively scene Lambs frisked about in the pastures
"小羊在牧场上跳来跳去,这是一幅多么恬静而又生气勃勃的景象啊。"
吵闹;发脾气;吵闹的事件
场所,地点
What's new on the film scene
**院演什么新片?
behind the scenes
幕后的;秘密的;暗中
on the scene
出现;登场
Came on the scene just when we needed him
在我们需要他的时候, 他出现了。
set the scene
准备,预备
steal the scene
抢镜头,抢夺观众注意
scene
源自希腊语skēnē棚,舞台
scene
actexplosionflare-uplandscapelookoutoutburstpicturesettingsightstormviewvista
scenery
[5si:nEri]
n
风景, 景色
scenery
scenery
AHD:[s¶“n…-r¶]
DJ[6si8nri8]
KK[6sinri]
n(名词)
复数 sceneries
A view or views of natural features, especially in open country:
风景:尤指乡村中的自然景色:
enjoying the varied mountain scenery
欣赏不同的山景
The painted backdrops on a theatrical stage
舞台布景:剧院舞台上绘画的背景
scenery
[5si:nErI]
n
布景,道具布置
自然景物,天然风光
The scenery in the mountains is very beautiful
山里的景色非常美。
There's no such thing as a free lunch
我们常常听说这样一句话:There's no such thing as a free lunch(没有免费的午餐),你知道这句话是怎么来的吗?
十九世纪的时候,美国有些酒吧给顾客提供“免费的午餐”。所谓午餐,其实不过是些用来和啤酒一起送出的脆饼;而所谓免费,当然不是真的,不买酒喝就没有饼吃。所以,当时有人说:There's no such thing as a free lunch
到了二十世纪七十年代,经济学家弗里德曼 (Milton Friedman)写的一本书用了这句话做书名。他在别的著作、演讲里也多次引用这句话。于是,这句话就又流行了起来。
有时,我们不相信会得到一些优惠,就可以用这句“弗里德曼名言”。
例如:
I don't believe he's giving us the money without any ulterior motive There's no such thing as a free lunch
我不相信他送钱给我们不是别有用心,世上没有免费的午餐
Honeymoon
大家一定都知道honeymoon吧,honey(蜂蜜)和 moon(月)结合在一起的意思就是“蜜月”。honeymoon指的是新婚夫妇结为伉俪的最初一段时光(并非一定是结婚后的第一个月,虽然很多人都有这样的错觉)。爱情经过长久的期盼和耕耘,相爱的情侣终于手拉手走到了一起,双方的感觉能不像蜜一样甘甜醇美吗?
有一种说法认为honeymoon这个词来源于巴比伦的民俗传统。这个古老的国家一直保留着这样一个传统,在女儿出嫁的第一个月,女孩的父亲每天都会让女婿喝mead(蜂蜜酒),以希望后辈们的婚姻永远幸福甜蜜。
然而,从词源学的观点来看,这种说法是错误的。honeymoon 最早出现于16 世纪,honey 用以喻指新婚的甜蜜,但moon并不是指很多人认为的阴历月份(lunar-based month),它是一种苦涩的暗示,旨在告诫人们婚姻固然是幸福甜美的,但这种甜蜜就像月亮的盈亏,只是暂时的(因此要十分珍惜才对喔!),婚姻更多的意味着双方要一起肩负生活的重担,一起承受人生的酸甜苦辣,一起经受生活的风风雨雨
Darling
darling可能是英语中最流行的昵称了,也是最古老的词语之一。早在公元888年,darling就以deorling的形式出现了。darling一词有多种用法,一般作名词表示“亲爱的人”,作形容词表示“亲爱的;可爱的”,同时darling也可以用来称呼所爱的人或家庭中的成员,如Darling, fetch me another bonbon, please(亲爱的,请再帮我拿一颗小糖果吧。)darling还可以用作比喻,但经常带有轻微的讽刺意味,表示某人深受一个不大招人喜欢的人或机构的喜爱。比如,Senator is the darling of the oil companies(参议员是石油公司的宠儿。)
尽管用途广泛,darling的来源却相当简单。darling源于古英语单词deor或deore,表示“所爱的人”或“亲爱的”,这会让你很自然的联想到今天的dear。词缀ling表示one who is,所以deorling和今天的darling的意思都是one who is dear
此外,在夫妇之间,除了darling,还可以用sweetheart、pet、dear、love等称谓。在男女恋人之间经常使用honey、baby等带有感情色彩的词汇,而一些有了孩子的守旧的老夫妻喜欢互称mother、father。甚至还有比这个称呼更传统的,比如在十九世纪的小说《傲慢与偏见》中,Bennet夫妇非常正式地互称对方为Mr Bennet和Mrs Bennet。当然,夫妇间还可以有许多更随意更独特的称呼,比如Teddy Bear、Honeybun、Sugar Doll 等等。不过,其中的特别含义大概只有他们自己明白了。
Teach a fish how to swim
你听说过有不会游泳的鱼吗?你听说过鱼因不会游泳而淹死的事吗?如果谁有这样的担忧,就和那个被嘲笑了几百年的担心天会塌下来的杞国人没什么差别了,必定会成为人们茶余饭后的笑料。
作为一种本能,鱼儿天生就是会游泳的,完全适应水底生活,如果有人想教鱼儿how to swim,这和在鲁班门前卖弄使斧头的功夫,在孔老夫子面前卖弄写文章的本领又有什么差异呢?
因此,teach a fish how to swim 的含义就是“班门弄斧”,“在孔夫子面前卖文章”。英语中类似的表达还有:teach a dog to chase rabbits;show the President where the White House is; teach the Pope how to pray;use Chinese maxims in front of Confucius
John Bull
在政治漫画里,代表美国的总是又高又瘦的Uncle Sam(山姆大叔);代表英国的呢,则是面色红润的、胖胖的John Bull(约翰牛)。
John Bull这个名字是怎么来的呢?英国人和狗的关系非常密切,特别是斗牛犬 (bulldog),所以,十八世纪初,作家兼御医Dr Arbuthnot写了一本《约翰牛传》(The History of John Bull),主张英、法和平相处,书中主角的名字就叫作John Bull,作者用他来代表英国。从此以后,John Bull成了英国和典型英国人的代名词。
例如:
His ruddy countenance and stout figure made him look a genuine John Bull
他面色红润,身材胖硕,看起来就是个典型的英国人。
Romance
说起romance,你一定会浮想联翩,这是一个年轻男女们都很喜欢的字眼,你知道这个字是怎么来的吗?
说起来romance和罗马(Rome)有关。古罗马人用的是拉丁文,后来拉丁文渐渐消失,演变为意大利语、法语、西班牙语、葡萄牙语、罗马尼亚语等,这些语言总称为Romance languages(罗曼斯语)。
中世纪的时候,武士闯荡江湖赢得美人芳心这类的故事多数是用罗曼斯语写的,其中法文用的最多。所以,这一类故事就叫作romances。法国人的“浪漫”世界闻名,大概也与此有关吧。
现在,romance除了常常用来指那些像美梦一样远离现实的爱情小说之外,还可以用来指风流韵事或浪漫的气氛。
例如:
She thought it was going to be the big romance of her life, but he left her after only a few weeks
她以为这将成为她生命中刻骨铭心的风流韵事,不料才过了没几个星期就被他遗弃了。
the romance of life in the Wild West(西部蛮荒生活中的浪漫色彩
SOS
可能大家都知道SOS是一种求救信号,并由此联想到了历史上最大的悲剧性海难——泰坦尼克沉船事件,在为那些屈死的灵魂深感惋惜的同时,也在心里埋怨当时没有能够及时发出海难求救信号,其他船只和海上救援组织没有及时施救。很多人都以为SOS是由一些单词的首字母缩写而成,如Save Our Souls(拯救我们的生命!),Save Our Ship(拯救我们的船只!),Stop Other Signals(停止发送任何其他信号!),Sure Of Sinking(船就要沉了!)等等。真是这样的吗?
其实,SOS是国际莫尔斯电码救难信号,并非任何单词的缩写。鉴于当时海难事件频繁发生,往往由于不能及时发出求救信号和最快组织施救,结果造成很大的人员伤亡和财产损失,国际无线电报公约组织于1908年正式将它确定为国际通用海难求救信号。这三个字母组合没有任何实际意义,只是因为它的电码… --- …(三个圆点,三个破折号,然后再加三个圆点)在电报中是发报方最容易发出,接报方最容易辨识的电码。
1908年之前,国际公海海难求救信号为CQD。这三个字母也没有任何实际意义,尽管很多人认为它是Come Quickly,Danger(快来,危险!)的首字母缩写。虽然1908年国际无线电报公约组织已经明确规定应用SOS作为海难求救信号,但CQD仍然有人使用。泰坦尼克海难发生初期,其他船只和救助组织之所以没有能够及时组织施救,主要是因为他们不明白船上发报员开始发出的过时的CQD求救信号。直到整个船只都快没入大海才发出了SOS求救信号,但到了此时谁可能还有如此的回天之力,拯救那些无辜的即将永远葬身海底的灵魂呢?
Mermaid
mermaid 就是传说中的美人鱼,有人类的头和身体,但是长着一条鱼的尾巴。很多人都是从安徒生的童话中认识了那个纯洁、美丽、善良的小美人鱼。今天,小美人鱼的雕像已经成为丹麦首都哥本哈根的著名旅游景点,同时也已成为丹麦的象征。
mermaid 这个词由两部分构成,mer 和 maid,这两个词都是从古英语中来的,分别为mere(海洋)和mayde(少女)。早在安徒生之前,就已经有了人鱼的传说,不过那时侯人们心目中的美人鱼虽然同样有着超凡的美貌和魔力,但她会诱惑经过的海员而使航船触礁毁灭,人们称之为siren(海妖)。mermaid 还有一个相对应的merman,用来表示男性人鱼。
其实,所有的传说都会有它的起源,那么你知道“人鱼”的原型是什么吗?猜不到吧,是海牛。海牛是一种大型的哺乳类水生动物,生活在温暖的浅水水域,以水下植物为生。雄性海牛称为dugong,雌性海牛称为manatee。每当雌性海牛怀抱小海牛浮出水面哺乳,远远望去,便如同一位慈祥的母亲怀抱孩子浮游在水面上。
Rule of thumb
手指头法则?也就是掰掰手指头就能想得出来的东西,我们通常说的“经验主义”。在实际生活中,一般用来指经验就可以得知的东西:
Rough practical method of assessing or measuring sth, used based on past experience rather than on exact measurement, etc (and therefore not completely reliable in every case or in every detail)(对事物)粗略但实用的估计方法(通常凭经验而不作精确的计量等,故并非时时处处均可)。
例如:As a rule of thumb, you should cook a chicken for 20 minutes for each pound that it weighs
凭经验估计,每磅鸡肉应烹调20分钟
OK的来历
Okay可能是除了Yes,No以外在世界上流传最广的英语单词了。但是,它从何而来呢?历来,语言学家们各执一词。
有人说,okay是印第安人发明的。有这样一个印第安部落叫Chocktaw,居住在富饶的密西西比山谷中,以种植和捕鱼为生。每当有问题发生,Chocktaw的***们就和部落首领围坐一圈,共同商议,如果有人同意其他人的意见,就点头示意,然后说“Okeh”,意思为“就是这样”。欧洲人初到美洲时,听到了大量的印第安语,并将之发展为英语词汇。现在美国的许多城市、河流、山脉,其名称都源于印第安语。
另外还有一种颇具可信度的说法:Okay这个词是在19世纪由一个政治团体发明的。有一个人叫Martin Van Buren,准备参加总统竞选,他的拥护者成立了一个俱乐部为他做宣传,俱乐部的名称就叫“Okay Club”,据说O和K两个字母取自于Van Buren的故乡,纽约州的Old Kinderhook,那是他出生的地方。
对一个如此popular的词汇,自然每个人都可能有自己的故事,不过,有一点,相信全世界都会同意:okay是一个纯粹的美语词汇,它是词汇跨越不同语言的优秀典范。只是还有需要小小提醒一下的地方:okay通常用于口语,在书面语中,我们可以用agree,assent,approve,conform等等词汇来代替,使之更为正式化。
I was not born yesterday
一天清晨,我和朋友Bob约好了一起去旧车行买车。到了旧车行,热情的营业员不厌其烦地向我们介绍了一大堆,当他介绍到一辆白色汽车时说:“这辆91年的车只跑了2万英里。”还说这辆车是一位老太太用的,她只每星期开一次去教堂。可是Bob回了他一句:“I was not born yesterday ”
我觉得好笑,心想都几岁了嘛,谁不知道,后来我问起他,Bob向我解释说,这是一句英语俚语,意思是“我又不是小孩,别骗我了。”我这才恍然大悟
Raining cats and dogs
“To rain cats and dogs”的意思是大家可能都知道是“下倾盆大雨”,但是有人要问了为什么英语中用 “cats and dogs”来形容雨下得大,而不是 “hippopotami”(河马), “elephants”(大象), “buckets”(篮子)之类的东西。
其实,最初人们的确用过to rain pitchforks, to rain shovels, darning needles, chicken coops和hammer handles来描述“持续的大雨”。 “To rain cats and dogs”最早出现在理查德-布罗姆1652年创作的剧本《都市智慧》中:“It shall rain dogs and polecats” Polecats 是一种类似于雪貂的猫,但是这个词后来在乔纳森-斯威夫特的笔下变成了Cats。1738年,斯威夫特在《礼仪对话》一书中所使用的短语就是如今我们所熟悉的这种形式:“I know Sir John will go, though he was sure it would cats and dogs”
《词汇短语起源故事百科全书》(Facts on File Encyclopedia of Word and Phrase Origins) 中收录了对其起源的一种解释。书中说“17世纪的英格兰在下大雨的时候,一些城市的街道就会水流成河,而且这些污水中还会飘浮着大量的死猫死狗。”(During heavy rains in 17th century England, some city streets became raging rivers of filth carrying many cats and dogs)
布鲁尔在其所著的《成语寓言大辞典》(Dictionary of Phrase and Fable)中说,这个短语起源于北欧:“在挪威的神话中,猫被认为可以影响天气。驾着风暴而来的女巫据说就是化身为猫的。” 而狗和狼则是风暴神欧丁的随从,其中狗是“风的象征”("In Norse mythology, the cat is supposed to have great influence on the weather Witches that rode on storms were said to assume the form of cats" Dogs and wolves were attendants to Odin, the god of storms, and the dog "is a signal of wind")。
关于这个短语起源的另一种说法是说它来源于一个古老的法语词“catdoupe”,这个词的意思是“waterfall or cataract”。而法语中“catdoupe”的发音和“cats and dogs”有些相像, 所以就有了 “to rain cats and dogs”。
最后,单独的“cats and dogs”这个短语有自己的用法,意思是“ 价值低的股票, 不值钱的、卖不掉的商品”(low priced,highly speculative stock)。这种用法1879年开始出现,1984年在《纽约邮报》中就曾出现过这样的用法。
Love me, love my dog
某天跟好友 Carmen 畅谈恋爱史,我开心的询问她现任男友对她怎样时,她脸带娇羞、甜丝丝的微笑着说:“Love me, love my dog”
我好奇地问她什么时候养了条狗,怎么我不知道。她哈哈地笑了起来,知道我误会了她的意思,便急忙向我解释说她家里并没养狗,“Love me, love my dog”是“爱屋及乌”的意思。噢!原来很多时候,英文句子或成语都隐含别意,不能断章取义,不然就会贻笑大方!
Forget-me-not
forget-me-not是一种生长在水边的蓝色小花“勿忘我”。在德国、意大利、英国各地,都有许多散文、诗词和小说作家以forget-me-not来描述相思与痴情。人们认为只要将forget-me-not带在身上,恋人就会将自己铭记于心、永志不忘。在这蓝色小花的背后,还有个流传于欧美民间的浪漫爱情故事呢!
此名源于德文Vergissmeinnicht,是“勿忘我”的意思,勿忘我的名称来自一个悲剧性的恋爱故事。
相传一位德国骑士跟他的恋人散步在多瑙河畔。散步途中看见河畔绽放着蓝色花朵的小花。骑士不顾生命危险探身摘花,不料却失足掉入急流中。
自知无法获救的骑士说了一句“别忘记我!”,便把那朵蓝色透明的花朵扔向恋人,随即消失在水中。此后骑士的恋人日夜将蓝色小花配戴在发际,以显示对爱人的不忘与忠贞。而那朵蓝色透明花朵,便因此被称作“勿忘我”,其花语便是“不要忘记我”、“真实的爱”。
另外,勿忘我也是美国阿拉斯加州的州花,不过因为它叶子的形状很像老鼠耳朵,当地人也称它为老鼠耳(mouse ear),这个名字就有不如勿忘我好听啦!
Walk on eggs
我们常以“如履薄冰”形容一个人做事十分小心谨慎,像在薄冰上步行。英语中类似的说法是walk on eggs,或者tread on eggs,就是非常小心地步行的模样,美语中则有这样的一个词组“walk Spanish”,原意是指小孩子在游戏的时候被人提着衣领踮着脚尖步行。这个词引申后的意思变为“小心地走路解”,但现在又常作被解雇,被罢免以及被驱逐解。一个人被公司解雇,可以说:He is walked Spanish by his company。
Walk on eggs 令人想起放轻脚步走路。美国俚语以walk soft指言行平静:He walks a lot softer than before(他比以前文静多了)。但是walk softly和walk soft不同,是源于圣经的成语。列王记上二十一章二十七节的旧英译:He (Ahab) rent his clothes and went softly,是“沮丧地走开”的意思。
Breakfast time
Continental breakfast (欧陆式早餐)之名据说是和English breakfast (英式早餐) 相对的。英式早餐一般以谷类食物(cereal)、熏肉(bacon)为主,欧陆早餐则仅面包、咖啡(或红茶)而已。
朋友M多年前参加旅行团游美,早餐十分丰富:They serve a big breakfast of pancakes, eggs and fruit。他以为美国人早餐吃得多,但是后来在美国朋友家作客,见到他们通常在厨房中用早餐。厨房中有小桌,置于墙角,称为breakfast nook,是吃早餐用的。标准美式早餐是:juice (果汁)、toast (面包)、egg (鸡蛋)、milk (牛奶) 或者coffee (咖啡)或 tea (红茶)。面包是toast,或者roll,总之是相当简单的。
有人说美国人不大讲究吃,早餐更加随便。据说一般人结婚后都会经过一个危急时期,被称作“早餐时间”(breakfast-time)。夫妻两人心情都不佳,像坐下来吃早餐时的心情。但是,一般在吃完了早餐心情转好,互相谅解,也就相安无事了。西谚有:Sing before breakfast, cry before night,亦作:Cry before breakfast, sing before night。以sing表示欢乐,cry表示悲哀,喻人生之变化无常也。
Mickey Mouse
“Mickey Mouse”, 不就是“米老鼠”嘛。是的,“Mickey Mouse”作为“米老鼠”的意思是为大家所熟知的,但“Mickey Mouse”绝不仅有“米老鼠”的意思。
人们在日常用语中用“mickey mouse”来指胆小怕事和愚蠢的人, 例如: “There are many Mickey Mice in office across the country,from both parties and at all levels of government” (Business Week July 27,1974)在澳大利亚,mickey mouse用来指便宜或者不可信的产品。在美式和英式英语中,mickey mouse通常是形容词,用来形容乏味的或者琐碎的活动,例如: “The big reason that they don’t have enough men (police officers) on the highways is because they're doing too much other Mickey Mouse” (Kansas City Star January 8 1974) 此外,学生们用这个词来形容那些完成起来易如反掌的课程或者作业: “The athletes…are encouraged to take specially-tailored mickey-mouse courses so as not to jeopardize their athletic standing” (Rapoport and Kirshbaum, Is the Library Burning 1969)
“mickey mouse”还被用于军事领域,例如越战时期的“Mickey Mouse ears”radio--一种二战中的战斗机上炸弹投放设备;二战时期还有一部介绍性病的教学影片名位Mickey Mouse,例如: “a two minute Mickey Mouse would be added, a trailer of clinical shots showing diseased organs in full color” (W Stevens Gunner 89 1966, ref to WWII)
而我们目前经常使用的意思是“(企业、公司)规模小的,过于简陋的”(small and unimportant),常含贬义,例如: “He calls himself the managing director but his company is just a Mickey Mouse operation that he runs from his own house” (他自称为总经理,但他的公司就是再他自己家里经营的一个微不足道的商号。)
“Mickey Mouse”可怜的米老鼠!也许你会认为从这样一个深受人们喜爱的经典卡通形象派生出来的词义一定很美妙。但是事实上“mickey mouse”这个词并没有“甜美、可爱”的意思;相反它的意思是“胆怯、愚蠢、乏味、毫无意思的、吹毛求疵的或者不可的”。
Miss, Mrs and Ms
Miss, Mrs 和 Ms三个词都是对女士的称呼, 那么如何区别三者, 并在不同的场合正确地使用不同的称呼呢
Miss和 Mrs是mistress的缩写。在中世纪英语中,mistress这个词有很多意思,其中的一些沿用至今,例如女主人,女神,某一行业的女专家,女教师,和女家庭教师等等。Mistress总的说来是指 “具有一定专业知识和能力的女人”,它也用作对未婚和已婚妇女的礼貌称呼。到1600年左右,mistress的意思逐渐缩小为对已婚妇女的称呼。
Miss首次出现在1645年《约翰·伊夫林日记》中,当时miss一词的意思是“a concubine;a kept mistress”,即小妾,被供养的女人。大约20年后,萨缪尔·佩皮斯第一次将这个词第一个字母m大写(Miss)用在女孩或未婚妇女的名字前面。差不多在同一时期,约翰·德莱顿第一次将Miss用作称呼性用语,特指女孩或未婚女士。
和mistress相对的词是master,它指的是家庭中的男主人。在16世纪,master的拼写演变为mister,而它的缩写形式Mr 则仅仅指男士或先生,并不表明其婚姻状况。
直到19世纪,Mr和Mrs一直作为一对反义词来使用。而正是从这个时期开始,Mrs开始专门指已婚妇女了,并沿用至今。
Ms要算Miss, Mrs,Ms三个词当中最令人不解的一个,它最早出现于1949年马里奥-佩的《语言的故事》一书中。从构词法上讲, Ms可能是Miss 和Mrs两个词的混合物,所以在意思上Ms既可以用作对未婚女子的称呼,也可以用作对已婚女子的称呼。
Happy as a clam
如果说 "happy as a lark"很容易被大家接受,因为"云雀"总在清晨发出清脆悦耳的啼叫声;如果说 "happy as the day's long"大家也能够理解,因为日子长了,大家开心的时间自然多了;那么,为什么会有 "happy as a clam"一说呢? "Clam" (蛤蜊)和快乐有什么联系呢?
在19世纪上半期,美国俚语迅速发展, "happy as a clam in/at high water"和 "happy as a clam at high tide"频繁被人们使用。1860年Atlantic Monthly杂志有这样一段文字, "I am sure I've been as happy as a clam these last six years, and I don't calculate to reck[sic] that by 。
首先是要用耳朵记,即把单词的读音记住,让耳朵记住单词的发音;
其次,用嘴去记,不断的读它,去说它,在口语中用到它;
第三,用笔去用它,在写作,英语日记中用到要记住的单词.
第四,要温故而知新,过一段时间就要去复习一下.
我相信通过以上的方法,应该可以把单词记牢.
缤纷世界精典短篇文选八则
吃剩快餐贻鼠患?
Fast Food Scraps Threaten Rat Plague
Britain is facing a sharp rise in its rat population as growing numbers of people leave fast food scraps in the street, an environment group warned Keep Britain Tidy said the rodents were abandoning their traditional haunts underground and were roaming the streets, enticed by discarded remnants of burgers, pizzas and crisps "The rat population is on the rise and soon it'll be as common to see a rodent on our street as it is to see a dog or a cat," said group Director, Sue Nelson The practice of dumping fast food litter and scraps on the street rather than in the trash - with young men the worst offenders - was behind the rise According to the National Rodent Survey in 2001, Britain's rat population has grown by nearly one quarter since 1998 and is now estimated at 60 million, two million more than the human population On average a rat can give birth every 24-28 days and just a single pair of rats can produce a colony of 2,000 a year Around 200 Britons a year contract Weil's Disease - an infection which can lead to kidney or liver failure and eventually death and which is carried in rat's urine To highlight the issue, Keep Britain Tidy launched a cinema advert entitled "How close do you want them to get" The ad culminates in a shocking image of a young woman sleeping in a bed of rats - echoing the nightmare scenario from James Herbert's classic horror tale The Rats, in which mutant rodents begin to prey on humans
一个环保组织发出警告:由于越来越多的人把吃剩的快餐扔在大街上,英国的老鼠数量正在急剧上升。“保持英国清洁”组织说,人们抛弃的汉堡包、比萨饼和土豆条残渣正在诱使习惯在地下活动的鼠类转而到大街上漫步。“老鼠数量正在增长,很快在街上看到老鼠就会和看到猫狗一样平常,”该组织负责人苏-尼尔森说。老鼠增多的背后是往大街上而不是垃圾箱里乱扔快餐垃圾和残渣的行为--年轻人是其中的罪魁祸首。根据2001年的国家鼠类调查,英国的老鼠数量自1998年来增长了将近1/4,目前估计为6千万只,比英国人口还多2百万。老鼠平均每24至28天就可生产一次,仅仅一对老鼠一年就能繁殖出一个2000只的鼠群。每年大约有200个英国人感染威尔氏症--一种能导致肾或肝功能衰竭直至死亡的传染病,病源在老鼠的尿液中。为引起人们对这一问题的注意,“保持英国清洁”推出了名为“你希望它们靠得多近?”的影院宣传片。宣传片的高潮是一幅令人震惊的画面:一个年轻妇女睡在一张满是老鼠的床上--这是对詹姆斯-赫伯特的经典恐怖故事《老鼠》中梦魇般的景象的模拟。在那个故事中,变异的老鼠开始捕食人类。
Remarks:冒着人人喊打的风险上街的这些老鼠显然没有继承到前辈的智慧--在《伊索寓言》中,一只乡下老鼠选择了田间粗茶淡饭的太平日子而不是城里担惊受怕的奢华生活。
百岁大奖
100-Year-Old Rewards Doctor
Israel Haimowitz made a deal with his doctor 15 years ago - get me to 100 and I'll buy you a European vacation On Sept 5, 2002, Haimowitz is celebrating his 100th birthday And Dr Robert Drimmer and his wife are looking forward to a trip to London next summer "I hate to take his money," Drimmer said, but Haimowitz "would be mad if I didn't go" Haimowitz, a retired furniture salesman, said it's the least he can do The native of Brooklyn, NY, is in good health, complaining only occasionally of fatigue He moved to Florida 16 years ago "To get a doctor down here that's considerate of his patients is difficult," Haimowitz said He credits his longevity and health to drinking two ounces of cognac daily, along with eating five Danish butter cookies Haimowitz, who just renewed his driver's license, said he plans to stick around awhile "When I don't feel good, I don't want to be here But when I feel as I do now, I want to live to 120," he said
伊斯里尔-海莫威茨与他的医生达成了一项交易--让我活到100岁,我就送你去欧洲度假。2002年9月5日,海莫威茨在庆祝他的百岁寿辰,而罗伯特-德雷默医生和他的妻子也在期待着来年夏天的伦敦之旅。“我真的不想花他的钱,”德雷默说,可是海莫威茨“会因我不去而发疯。”退休家具推销员海莫威茨说这是他所能做的最起码的事。海莫威茨是纽约布鲁克林人,他健康状况良好,只是偶尔为疲劳所苦。16年前,海莫威茨搬到了佛罗里达。他说:“在这儿找一个会悉心照料病人的医生可不容易。”海莫威茨把自己的长寿和健康归功于每天的两盎司白兰地和5块丹麦牛油曲奇。刚刚更新了驾驶执照的海莫威茨说,他打算再活上一段时间。“如果感觉不好,我就不想再逗留了。不过,在感觉如现在般良好的时候,我希望活到120岁,”他说。
Remarks:也许这位老先生没有意识到:“感觉良好”才是他长寿的真正秘诀--如果活得没了感觉,想“逗留”也不太容易哩。
生在秋天的好处
People Born in Autumn Live Longer
People born in the autumn live longer than those born in the spring and are less likely to fall chronically ill when they are older, according to an Austrian scientist Using census data for more than one million people in Austria, Denmark and Australia, scientists at the Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research in the northern German town of Rostock found the month of birth was related to life expectancy over the age of 50 Seasonal differences in what mothers ate during pregnancy, and infections occurring at different times of the year could both have an impact on the health of a new-born baby and could influence its life expectancy in older age "A mother giving birth in spring spends the last phase of her pregnancy in winter, when she will eat less vitamins than in summer," said Gabriele Doblhammer, one of a team of scientists who carried out the research "When she stops breast-feeding and starts giving her baby normal food, it's in the hot weeks of summer when babies are prone to infections of the digestive system" In Austria, adults born in autumn (October-December) lived about seven months longer than those born in spring (April-June), and in Denmark adults with birthdays in autumn outlived those born in spring by about four months In the southern hemisphere, the picture was similar Adults born in the Australian autumn - the European spring - lived about four months longer than those born in the Australian spring The study focused on people born at the beginning of the 20th century, using death certificates and census data Although nutrition at all times of the year has improved since then, the seasonal pattern persists, Doblhammer said
一位奥地利科学家认为,秋天出生的人比生在春天的人活得长,在上了年纪的时候也更不容易得慢性病。马克斯-普朗克人口研究学院位于德国北部城市罗斯托克,该学院的科学家们通过分析奥地利、丹麦和澳大利亚3国超过100万的人口普查数据得出结论,人们50岁以后的平均寿命与出生月份之间存在关联。母亲在怀孕期间所吃的东西因季节而有不同,一年里不同时间流行的传染病也不一样,两者都会对新生儿的健康发生影响,并进而影响他们到老年时的平均寿命。进行此项研究的科学家小组成员加布里埃尔-多布哈默说:“春天分娩的母亲孕期的最后阶段适逢冬季,因此她摄入的维生素要比夏季时少。她停止哺乳开始让婴儿正常进食的时候又正好赶上夏天最热的那几个星期,这时候婴儿容易发生消化系统感染。“在奥地利,秋天(10至11月)出生的成人大约要比春天(4至6月)出生的多活7个月,而在丹麦这一差异大约是4个月。南半球的情况也差不多。生于澳洲秋天--欧洲的春天--的成人寿命比春天出生的长大约4个月。研究者们使用死亡证明和人口普查数据作为参考资料,主要对象是20世纪初出生的人。多布哈默说,尽管人们在一年中各个时期的营养状况与那时相比都已经有所改善,这样的季节性差异却依然存在。
Remarks:换一个说法,也就是天秤座和天蝎座的人通常比金牛座和双子座的人长寿,你相信吗?
同病相怜
Love Means Sharing the Same Diseases
Married couples share more than their homes, cars and finances - they are also likely to have some of the same diseases, experts say If a spouse suffers from asthma, depression, peptic ulcers, high blood pressure or raised cholesterol levels, the chances are their partner will be afflicted with the same illness "Partners of people with specific diseases are at increased risk of the disease themselves - at least 70 percent increased risk for asthma, depression and peptic ulcer disease," Julia Hippisley Cox of the University of Nottingham in northern England said Cox and her team said the most likely reason for the shared diseases was environment Married couples usually eat the same foods, are exposed to the same allergens and often have similar exercise patterns, all of which contribute to ailments such as allergies, high blood pressure and raised cholesterol The scientists studied the medical history of 8,000 married couples, aged 30 to 74 "The findings could have implications for targeting screening or disease prevention measures at partners of participants with one of these diseases," Cox added
专家指出,已婚夫妇共同分享的不仅是房子、车子和金钱--他们还容易同时患上一些病症。如果其中一方得了哮喘、抑郁症、消化性溃疡、高血压或是胆固醇过高,那么另一方就很可能会遭受同样疾病的折磨。英格兰北部诺丁汉大学的朱丽叶-希皮斯利-科克斯说:“某些特定疾病患者的配偶罹患同样病症的机率(比别的人)要高--就哮喘、抑郁症和消化性溃疡这几种病来说,其机率要高70%。”科克斯和她的研究小组认为,“共享疾病”最可能的原因是环境。一般说来,已婚夫妇吃同样的食物、接触同样的过敏原,锻炼的模式通常也差不多,而这些都是造成过敏症、高血压以及高胆固醇等症。科学家们分析了8000对30到74岁的已婚夫妇的病历。“这一发现可能意味着我们应该对这类疾病患者的配偶实行定向隔离或采取预防措施。”
Remarks:为什么要隔离或预防呢--这样不是离“同年同月同日死”的目标更近了吗?
情书公告牌
Paris Invents New Love Messages
Declarations of undying devotion will flash across Paris's municipal bulletin boards every 20 seconds next month as the French capital invents a new way to say "I love you" on Valentine's Day Bertrand Delanoe, the left-wing mayor known for his innovative city festivals, said the electronic boards would carry the best short love letters on February 14 - Valentine's Day - and throughout that weekend, adding that they would "help Parisians tell each other 'I love you'" He urged Parisians to send in their messages with a note indicating which neighbourhood they wanted them to be posted in A special committee would pick out the best ones to display The illuminated boards, which normally announce everything from city festivals to traffic warnings, stand at key squares and intersections all around the French capital
法国首都巴黎发明了一种在情人节这天说“我爱你”的新方法,下个月中巴黎市各处的市政公告牌上每20秒就会有表达不渝热爱的宣言闪过。以喜欢组织新奇的城市节庆活动著称的左翼巴黎市长伯特兰-迪拉诺说,这些电子公告牌将会在2月14日情人节这天以及此后的周末刊载最动人的简短情书,并宣称它们会“鼓励巴黎人对彼此说‘我爱你’”。他敦促巴黎人交来他们的爱情讯息,同时注明他们希望在哪个地段公布讯息。一个特别委员会将选出最好的一些情书进行展示。这些发光的公告牌分布在巴黎各个主要广场和十字路口,通常被用于公告从城市节庆活动到交通警示的各类事项。
Remarks:市政当局活跃气氛的动机无可非议,只是我以为,就个人来说,这种“爱要让全世界知道”的做法不过是一种轻浮的炫耀或着内心虚弱者的壮胆行为--如果他/她不是真的失踪了的话。
影院的浪漫角落
Romance Blooms in Cozy Corners of Cinemas
Lovers have it tough in India's teeming financial capital, but some of the city's cinemas are playing Cupid to couples longing for time away from prying eyes For the first time in Bombay, three upmarket cinemas have each set aside a dozen seats, called "Close-Up Corners," for couples wishing to watch a film together The seats - priced the same as other cinema seats - are bigger and designed for two people with no arm rests between them In conservative India, where public displays of affection are frowned upon, young men and women rarely dare to even hold hands for fear of censure or getting a "bad name" "This is the ideal place for couples to spend time together," said Hameed Shaikh, general manager of a suburban cinema, adding the "corners" were proving popular with college students "This is a progressive step We can't have culture cops dictating how we should behave," said 21-year-old college student P Vijay outside a movie hall "It's stupid to be prudish This should be extended to more theaters in Bombay" Kamal Sharma, manager of another movie hall, said the romantic corners were a big hit even with married couples who often live in cramped, one-room homes that offer little privacy
印度的金融中心孟买人多眼杂,情侣们的日子不太好过,不过这个城市里的一些**院为渴望远离窥探眼光的爱侣们充当起了丘比特的角色。孟买的3家**院各自为希望一起看**的情侣们留出了12个被称为“亲密角落”的座位,这在孟买是破天荒的事情。这些座位--价钱和普通座位一样--比较大,设计得适合两个人坐,中间也没有扶手阻隔。在保守的印度,当众亲昵会引人非议。由于担心受责难或是得到“坏名声”,年轻男女很少敢在公共场合哪怕是牵一下手。“这是爱侣们共度好时光的理想场所,”郊区一家影院的总经理哈米德-沙哈说。他还补充道,事实证明这样的“角落”很受大学生欢迎。“这是一种进步。我们不能让文化警察来专断我们的举止,”在一间影院外面,21岁的大学生P-维贾说。“蠢人才会假正经。这种做法应该在孟买更多的影院中推广。”另一间影院的经理卡马尔-沙马说,浪漫角落甚至对已婚夫妇也很有吸引力,因为他们的住所往往非常狭窄,只有一个房间,几乎没有隐私可言。
Remarks:亲密关系是否需要展览是个人选择问题,而尊重个人选择的自由空气是应当鼓励的。
世界上最好的工作
World's Greatest Job, Up for Grabs
Calling all chocoholics One of Britain's most exclusive grocery stores needs a new chocolate taster - and will pay 35,000 pounds ($54,400) a year for the successful candidate Fortnum & Mason in London's Piccadilly - one of the capital's most prestigious addresses - is looking for a chocolate buyer to travel the world, taste as much chocolate as possible and select the best for its discerning customers Daily Telegraph newspaper said the Fortnum's personnel director Cathy O'Neill has already been bombarded with applications after she advertised the post as the "best job in the world" But not all of those interested have the right qualifications "We only advertised it a couple of days ago," O'Neill told Daily Telegraph "But already we have had loads of people writing in saying they have absolutely no experience, or they work in the metal industry or something, but they love chocolate"
up for grabs:俚语,意为可得的,易得的,任何人都可能取得的。
所有巧克力爱好者请注意!英国最高档的食品杂货店之一需要一名新的巧克力试吃员--成功的应聘者将得到3万5千英镑(54,400美元)的年薪。位于伦敦皮卡迪利大街--这个都城最负盛名的地点之一--的福特纳姆及梅森商店正在寻找一名巧克力采购员,其职责是环游世界,品尝尽可能多的巧克力并为该店品味不凡的顾客们选出其中最好的品种。《每日电讯报》说,福特纳姆的人事经理凯茜-奥尼尔在广告中称这个职位为“世界上最好的工作”,随之而来的大量求职申请令她应接不暇。“我们几天前才登出广告,”奥尼尔对《每日电讯报》说。“但是我们已经收到了许多人的书面申请。他们说自己毫无经验,或是就职于金属行业,如此等等,但他们喜欢巧克力。”
Remarks:品尝可解馋,旅游可减肥,果然是好工作!
过期美味
Firm Sold Out-of-Date Food as It Was 'Tasty'
Fine wines and cheese may improve with age, but Japanese consumers were probably shocked to find that one company executive thought Chinese spring rolls did too That, at least, is what Reiko Yoshida, head of a small food firm in western Japan, told a news conference when asked to explain why her company sold frozen spring rolls and other products that were well past their sell-by date1 "I was told that the products were past their expiry date, but I gave the order to sell them after I tried them and found them tasty," a spokesman for the company, Shinsho, quoted Yoshida as telling a news conference The company sold about 2,600 frozen spring rolls to stores even though some were nearly six months past their expiry date, the spokesman said Yoshida accepted now that the company should have thrown the food away after the sell-by date passed and that it would take care from now on The firm has voluntarily halted business in 21 of its 23 shops around the country for an indefinite period of time Japanese consumer confidence in food products has been shaken by several recent scandals, include cases of mislabeling
美酒和干酪也许是越陈越好,不过日本的消费者可能会震惊于这样的事实:一位公司主管认为这一规律也适用于中国春卷。至少,日本西部一个小食品公司的主管吉田玲子(音)在记者招待会上是这么说的,当时人们要求她解释为何她的公司要出售已过期很久的冻春卷和其他产品。公司发言人新胜(音)引用吉田在记者招待会上的话说:“别人告诉我这些产品已经过了保质期,但我还是下令出售,因为我尝过了,味道很好。”这位发言人说,公司卖了大约2600个冻春卷给各家商店,尽管其中一些已经过期将近半年。吉田现在承认公司应该扔掉过期食品,表示以后会对此多加注意。公司并主动无限期关闭了全国23个连锁店中的21个。日本近日发生了几起这样的丑闻,包括乱贴标签的事情,日本消费者对食品的信心因此大受影响。
Remarks:臭猪头自然有烂鼻子的菩萨爱吃,对过期食品的个人爱好无可非议,但不管别人是否有此同好而强行推己及人的做法就有点过分了。
稻草人与笼中鸟
Scarecrow Guards Jail Birds
A judge on an inspection visit to a Brazilian jail discovered a straw scarecrow dressed in police uniform on the watchtower "guarding" some 735 jail birds, police said The judge removed the scarecrow, which had apparently been manning the watchtower for days, and took it to the court as evidence Police opened an investigation "It is considered a grave breach of security rules," a police spokesman said, adding that a prison guard or a police officer should have been on the tower at all times The Taubate Provisional Detention Center for prisoners awaiting trial near Brazil's biggest city of Sao Paulo was opened at the end of 2001 and has already had one publicized escape via an underground tunnel Brazil's prison system is plagued with break-outs and violent riots due to extreme overcrowding, lack of funds and poor pay for prison officers
巴西警方说,一位法官到巴西一座监狱视察,结果发现在了望塔中“看守”着735名囚犯的竟然是一个穿着警服的稻草人。法官拿走了稻草人--显然它已经在这个岗位上呆了不少日子了--并将它呈上法庭作为证物。警方已经展开调查。“我们认为这严重违反了安全条例,”警方发言人说,并指出任何时候了望塔上都应该有一名监狱警卫或是警官。等候审判的陶贝特临时拘留中心位于巴西最大城市圣保罗附近,2001年底才启用,但这里已经发生过了一起广为人知的犯人通过地道逃走的事件。巴西的监狱系统存在着严重的越狱和暴力骚乱问题,原因是监狱极度拥挤、缺乏资金以及监狱管理人员收入过低。
Remarks:挖地道逃走的犯人一定感到了莫大的耻辱--居然被稻草人吓到了,没敢堂而皇之地从地面上出去。
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