Python 怎样对nltk.tree.Tree对象进行处理

Python 怎样对nltk.tree.Tree对象进行处理,第1张

nltktree - NLTK 30 documentation

可以根据官网给出的例子学习

def demo():

"""

A demonstration showing how Trees and Trees can be

used This demonstration creates a Tree, and loads a

Tree from the Treebank corpus,

and shows the results of calling several of their methods

"""

from nltk import Tree, ProbabilisticTree

# Demonstrate tree parsing

s = '(S (NP (DT the) (NN cat)) (VP (VBD ate) (NP (DT a) (NN cookie))))'

t = Treefromstring(s)

print("----------Convert bracketed string into tree:----------")

print(t)

print(t__repr__())

print("----------Display tree properties:----------")

print(tlabel()) # tree's constituent type

print(t[0]) # tree's first child

print(t[1]) # tree's second child

print(theight())

print(tleaves())

print(t[1])

print(t[1,1])

print(t[1,1,0])

# Demonstrate tree modification

the_cat = t[0]

the_catinsert(1, Treefromstring('(JJ big)'))

print("----------Tree modification:----------")

print(t)

t[1,1,1] = Treefromstring('(NN cake)')

print(t)

print()

# Tree transforms

print("----------Collapse unary:----------")

tcollapse_unary()

print(t)

print("----------Chomsky normal form:----------")

tchomsky_normal_form()

print(t)

print()

# Demonstrate probabilistic trees

pt = ProbabilisticTree('x', ['y', 'z'], prob=05)

print("----------Probabilistic Tree:----------")

print(pt)

print()

# Demonstrate parsing of treebank output format

t = Treefromstring(tpformat())

print("----------Convert tree to bracketed string and back again:----------")

print(t)

print()

# Demonstrate LaTeX output

print("----------LaTeX output:----------")

print(tpformat_latex_qtree())

print()

# Demonstrate Productions

print("----------Production output:----------")

print(tproductions())

print()

# Demonstrate tree nodes containing objects other than strings

tset_label(('test', 3))

print(t)

judging from可理解成从……来判断,后面接事物 。

例句:

I had not read both his novel, but judging from the one I had read, he seems to be a promising writer

我没把他的两篇小说都读完,但是从我读的那一篇来判断,他似乎是一个有希望的作家。

judging from what he said, he was very disappointed

从他的话判断,他非常失望。

judging by可理解成被……判断,按某人的判断,后面接人。

例句:

judging by the growth ring of the tree, it must have lived many years

从年轮来看,这棵树肯定活了很多年了。

judging by the latter criterion, we are now focusing on results, not on procedural progress

如果我们用后面的情况判断,我们就会集中在结果上,而不是在程序和过程上。

树形结构的数据在项目开发中比较常见,比如比较典型的是论坛主题留言。每一个主题(节点)可以有n个留言(子节点)。这些留言又可以有自己的留言。因此这种结构

树形结构的数据在项目开发中比较常见,比如比较典型的是论坛主题留言。

每一个主题(节点)可以有n个留言(子节点)。这些留言又可以有自己的留言。因此这种结构就是一颗树。本文讨论的是数据库中如何存储这种树形结构。

假设有如下一棵树:

存储的数据如下格式:

这种结构下,如果查询某一个节点的直接子节点,十分容易,比如要查询D节点的子节点。

select from tree1 where parentid=4如果要插入某个节点,比如在D节点下,再次插入一个M节点。

只需要如下SQL:

INSERT INTO tree1 (value,parentid) VALUES('M',4);这种结构在查找某个节点的所有子节点,就稍显复杂,无论是SELECT还是DELETE都可能涉及到获取所有子节点的问题。比如要删除一个节点并且该节点的子节点也要全部删除,那么首先要获得所有子节点的ID,因为子节点并不只是直接子节点,还可能包含子节点的子节点。比如删除D节点及其子节点,必须先查出D节点下的所有子节点,然后再做删除,SQL如下:

select nodeid from tree1 where parentid=4 --返回8,9

select nodeid from tree1 where parentid in (8,9) --返回10,11,12

select nodeid from tree1 where parentid in (10,11,12) --返回空

delete from tree1 where nodeid in (4,8,9,10,11,12)如果是只删除D节点,虚拟主机,对于其它节点不做删除而是做提升,那么必须先修改子节点的parentid,然后才能删除D节点。

正如上面演示的,对于这种依赖父节点法,最大的缺点就是无法直接获得某个节点的所有子节点。因此如果要select所有的子节点,需要繁琐的步骤,这不利于做聚合操作。

对于某些数据库产品,支持递归查询语句的,比如微软的SQL Server,可以使用CTE技术实现递归查询。比如,要查询D节点的所有子节点。只需要如下语句:

WITH tmp AS(

SELECT FROM Tree1 WHERE nodeid = 4

UNION ALL

SELECT a FROM Tree1 AS a,tmp AS b WHERE aparentid = b nodeid

)

SELECT FROM tmp但是对于那些不支持递归查询的数据库来说,实现起来就比较复杂了。

方法二

还有一种比较土的方法,就是存储路径。暂且命名为路径枚举法。

这种方法,将存储根结点到每个节点的路径。

这种数据结构,可以一眼就看出子节点的深度。

如果要查询某个节点下的子节点,只需要根据path的路径去匹配,比如要查询D节点下的所有子节点。

select from tree2 where path like '%/4/%'或者出于效率考虑,直接写成

select from tree2 where path like '1/4/%'

如果要做聚合操作,也很容易,比如查询D节点下一共有多少个节点。

select count() from tree2 where path like '1/4/%';

要插入一个节点,则稍微麻烦点。要插入自己,然后查出父节点的Path,美国空间,并且把自己生成的ID更新到path中去。比如,要在L节点后面插入M节点。

首先插入自己M,然后得到一个nodeid比如nodeid=13,然后M要插入到L后面,因此,查出L的path为1/4/8/12/,因此update M的path为1/4/8/12/13

update tree2 set

path=(select path from tree2 where nodeid=12) --此处开始拼接

||last_insert_rowid()||'/'

where

nodeid= last_insert_rowid();这种方法有一个明显的缺点就是path字段的长度是有限的,这意味着,不能无限制的增加节点深度。因此这种方法适用于存储小型的树结构。

方法三

下面介绍一种方法,称之为闭包表。

该方法记录了树中所有节点的关系,不仅仅只是直接父子关系,它需要使用2张表,除了节点表本身之外,还需要使用1张表来存储节祖先点和后代节点之间的关系(同时增加一行节点指向自身),并且根据需要,可以增加一个字段,表示深度。因此这种方法数据量很多。设计的表结构如下:

Tree3表:

如例子中的树,插入的数据如下:

Tree3表的数据

NodeRelation表的数据

可以看到,NodeRelation表的数据量很多。但是查询非常方便。比如,要查询D节点的子元素

只需要

select from NodeRelation where ancestor=4;要查询节点D的直接子节点,则加上depth=1

select from NodeRelation where ancestor=4 and depth=1;要查询节点J的所有父节点,SQL:

select from NodeRelation where descendant=10;

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 仁爱英语七年级上册词汇、句型

 Unit 1

 词汇重点:

 1 Good morning/ afternoon / evening 早上/下午/晚上好 Good night 晚安(晚上告别)

 2 glad / nice to meet / see you 见到你很高兴 (回答也一样)

 3 welcome to + 地点 欢迎来到…… (回答:Thank you 或者Thanks)

 4let’s + V(原) 让我们做……

 5 stand up 起立 sit down 坐下

 6 this is-----

 这是…… (用于介绍第三者的用语)

 7 How do you do 你好

 (回答也是:How do you do )

 8 How are you 你好吗

 Fine, thank you and you 很好;谢谢;你呢

 I’m OK / I’m fine, too 我也很好。

 9see you = see you later = see you soon = good-bye 再见

 10excuse me 打扰一下;请问

 11I’m -----= my name is ---- 我是……

 12 be from= come from 来自

 13in English 用英语

 14Can you spell it Yes / No

 你能拼写它吗 能/不能

 15That’s OK / That’s all right / You’re welcome / Not at all 不用谢

 16 …… years old ……岁

 17telephone number 电话号码

 QQ number QQ号码

 ID number 身份证

 18the same (相同的)

 反义词是 different (不同的)

 例: We are in the same grade, but we are in different classes

 重点句子句型:

 1What is your name 你的名字是什么

 2Where +be + 主语 + from 某人来自于哪里(回答:主语+be+地点)

 Where are you from I am from quanzhou

 3How old + be + 主语

 某人几岁 (回答: 主语 + be + 数字 )

 例: How old are you I’m forteen

 4What is your telephone number

 你的电话号码是多少

 (回答:My telephone number is----或者It’s -------)注意:读出号码的时候要逐个读出。

 5What class / grade +be +主语+ in

 某人在哪一个班级/年级

 例:what class are you in I am in Class Five

 (注意:Class 和 Five需要大写)

 What grade are you in

 I am in Grade Seven

 (注意:Glass 和 Seven需要大写)

 6 What’s this/ that (in English) 这是什么

 (回答:It’s a/an + 单数名词 这是……)

 What’ re these/ those (in English) 这些是什么(回答:They’re + 复数名词 这些是…)

 7How do you spell it 你怎么拼写它

 E-R-A-S-E-R, eraser (注意拼读方法)

 Unit 2

 词汇重点:

 1sb + has/ have ( an /a ) + adj + 五官==sb’s 五官 is / are + adj (描述长相)

 例:Lily has a small nose = Lily’s nose is small

 2I know = I see 我明白了

 3That’s right 那是对的

 4look the same look like 看起来相像

 look different 看起来不同

 例:Jim and Lilei look the same=Jim looks like Lilei

 5 look at + n 看某物

 look for +n 寻找某人/某物

 look after +n 照顾某人

 6both 两者都…… all 三者或者三者以上都……

 Both 和 all位于 be动词或情态动词后,位于行为动词前。

 例:We are both students

 We both have black eyes

 We can both speak English

 7 give sth to sb = give sb sth 把某物给某人

 (注意:如果sth是it或them,只能用前者)

 8 have different looks =look different

 有着不同的长相 (看起来不相像)

 have the same look ==look the same

 有着相同的`长相 (看起来很相像)

 9over there 在那边 come in 请进 go out 出去

 10 in + 颜色 或 in a/an/the +颜色 + 衣服

 表示穿着……颜色的衣服

 常常接在名词的后面,表示穿----颜色衣服的……

 如the girl in red is my sister

 11 too + adj 太……

 12pants 和 shoes 做主语,谓语动词用复数;但a pair of pants/ shoes作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式

 例: His shoes are black

 A pair of shoes is under the bed

 13 in the morning/ afternoom/ evening

 在早上/下午/晚上

 at night 在晚上

 14go shopping = go to the shop 去购物

 类似的有 go swimming go fishing go skating等等

 15help sb ( to ) do sth == help sb with sth

 帮助某人做某事 注意:sb 用代词时必须用宾格

 16high school 中学

 17play +球类 play the 乐器

 18think of 认为,想 think about 考虑

 I think + 从句 我认为……

 I think he you are right 否定式常否定主句,但翻译时要否定后面的从句

 例:I don’t think he can come 我认为他不会来了(不能说:我不认为他会来)

 句型:

 1What do/does + 主语 + look like

 询问人的长相

 例: What does your English teacher look like

 2What’s -----and ------ ……加……是什么(回答:It’s ------)

 例:What’s red and yellow It’s orange

 What’s two and five It’s seven

 3Whose + 东西 + is this/ that

 Whose + 东西 +are these/ those

 这/这些 是谁的……

 例:Whose coat is this It is mine

 Whose shoes are these They are hers

 4Who is the letter from 这封信来自于谁

 It’s from Lily 它来自于莉莉。

 5What color be + 东西

 (回答:It’s +颜色 或者 They’er + 颜色)

 例:What color is your dress It’s black

 Unit 3

 重点词汇:

 1Could you (please)……(后接动词原形) 你愿意做某事吗

 May I ……(后接动词原形) 我能做某事吗

 2the English corner 英语角

 3live in + 地点 住在某地

 live with + 人 和某人住在一起

 4What does he say in the letter

 他在信里说了些什么

 What does he say on the photo

 他在电话里说了些什么

 5a lot=very much 放在句末,修饰动词,非常…

 例: I like the boy a lot/ very much

 not at all 一点也不……

 例: I don’t like the boy at all

 6each other 相互,彼此

 students often talk to each other in class

 7do sth with sb 和某人一起做某事

 8No problem 没问题

 9speak + 语言 说某种语言

 speak English speak Chinese

 10the Great Wall 长城

 11come/go to + 地点 去某地

 但home 、here、there这些是副词,前面不能加to

 例:go home / come here / go there

 go to do sth 去做某事

 例:They go to play basketball

 12like doing sth 喜欢做某事

 like to do sth 想要做某事

 13It’s + adj +to sb 对某人来说是……的

 14help sb with sth =help sb (to) do sth 帮助某人某事

 15be at home = be in home在家 go home 回家 get home到家 in one’s home 在某人的家里

 16have a seat / take a seat / sit down 请坐下

 17office worker 办公室职员

 cook 厨师 cooker炊具

 18on a farm 在农场上 on the sofa 在沙发上

 19a photo of one’s family 某人的全家照

 Family Tree 家谱 (首字母都大写)

 20in a hospital 在医院(纯属地点概念)

 in hospital 因病住院

 例:He is ill in hospital

 他生病住院 He is in a hospital他在医院里 (不一定是因为生病来到医院)

 21 look after sb = take care of sb 照顾某人

 22 teach sb sth=teach sth to sb 教某人某东西

 teach sb to do sth 教某人做某事

 23 help oneself ( to sth ) 请随便(吃……) help yourself/ yourselves (to fish)

 24 I’d like sth = I would like sth 我想要……

 25 Would like to do sth = want to do sth

 想要做某事

 26 Would you like something to eat (drink)

 你想要一些吃(喝)的东西吗

 to eat 或 to drink 修饰something,作为后置定语。

 27 Here you are 给你 Here we are 我们到了

 28 What about …= How about … …怎么样

 后接代词或名词,还可以接动名词(即 What about doing sth )

 29 all right 好的

 30 a cup of tea 一杯茶 two cups of tea 两杯茶

 31 milk for me 我要牛奶

 32 Why not ……(后接动词原形)=Why don’t you …… (后接动词原形)

 为什么不做某事呢

 回答:Good idea 好主意;

 33 May I take your order 可以点菜了吗

 34 wait a moment= just a moment 等一下,请稍侯

 wait for sb 等待某人

 35Can I help you = May I help you = What can I do for you 需要点什么帮忙吗

 36 eat out 出去吃饭

 37 let sb do sth 让某人做某事

 38 have dinner/ breakfast /lunch/supper

 吃正/早/午/晚 餐

 39 a kind of 一种…… all kinds of

 各种各样的……

 40 be friendly/kind to sb 对某人友好

 41 such as 例如

 例:I like fruits, such as oranges,bananas and apples

 42 be glad to do sth

 例: I am glad to meet you, I am glad to be here

 重点句子句型:

 1What do/does + 主语+ do = What +be+ 主语 == What’s one’s job

 回答:主语 + be  + 职业

 例如: What does your father do =What is your father = What’s your father’s job

 He is a teacher

 Unit 4

 词汇重点:

 1 try on 试穿……

 2 we/I will take it

 我们/我买下了 ( 这里的take 相当于buy)

 3 buy sth for sb = buy sb sth 给某人买某物;

 4 I’m just looking 我只是看看;

 5 three hundred and sixty-five 365

 (百位数和十位数之间加and , 十位数和个位数之间加”-“)

 6 a pair of 一对/一双……

 7 running shoes 跑鞋

 8 Are you kidding 你开玩笑吧;

 9 think about 考虑;

 10 thank you all the same 仍然谢谢你;

 11 Is that all 就这么多吗

 That’s all 就这么多吧

 I2 I think so 我认为是这样的

 I don’t think so 我认为不是这样的

 13 当把东西给某人时可以说: Here you are 或 Here be + 东西 或Here it is

 14 Don’t worry别担心

 ①worry about + 宾语 如:Do you worry about your leesson

 ②Worried 烦恼的 be worried about +宾语 如:She is worried about her mother

 15 a few +可数名词 (肯定); 一点,一些;

 few + 可数名词: (否定)几乎没有

 a little +不可数名词 (肯定); 一点,一些;

 little + + 不可数名词: (否定)几乎没有

 16 be free = have time 有空的;

 反义词:be busy = have no time

 Are you free tomorrow == Do you have time tomorrow

 17在某一天使用介词on , 在某个时刻用 at 如:On Sunday at a half past six

 当this 接时间,不用介词, this Sunday

 18 What’s up = what’s wrong = What’s the matter 什么事

 19 forget to do sth 忘记去做某事(事还没做)

 forget doing sth 忘记曾做过某事(事已做完)

 20tell sb about sth 告诉某人某事 tell sb sth = tell sth to sb 把某事告诉某人

 ask/tell sb to do sth 叫某人做某事 ask/tell sb not to do sth 叫某人不要做某事

 21电话用语:

 ①Who’s this 你是哪位

 ② Is this ……你是……吗

 ③This is ……(speaking) 我是……

 ④May I speak to……我可以找……吗

 22 go for sth = go to do sth 去做某事 如: go for to have class

 23 It’s fun 真是有趣的事

 24 call sb = give sb a call 打电话给某人

 call sb back 给某人回电话

 25 I’m afraid /sorry (that) + 从句

 恐怕……/ 对不起,……

 26 I have no time = I don’t have any time

 我没有时间 ( no = not any )

 27 be not in = be not at home = be out

 出去了,不在家;

 28 sing a song / sing some songs 唱歌;

 fly a kite 放风筝;draw picture 画画

 play sports 做运动; watch TV 看电视

 read books 看书 read newspaper看报纸

 29 let sb do sth (后接动词原形)

 让某人做某事

 30 时间读法有顺读法和逆读法: 顺读法(eleven thirty-six 表示11:36)

 逆读法(分钟数小于等于30分 用 past , 分钟数大于30分用to,如 five past ten 表示 10:05;

 five to ten 表示 9:55,half past six 表示6:30 , a querter to six 表示 5:45)

 31 show sth to sb = show sb sth

 把……拿给某人看; 作为名词表示 演出,表演

 32 祈使句的否定句,直接在句首加上Don't 就可以了

 33 have to ……(后接动词原形) 不得不……

 33next time 下一次 next week 下个星期

 the next day 第二天;

 34 next to…… = near…… 在……旁边

 35 get up 起床 go to bed 上床睡觉;

 get sb up 叫某人起床

 36 do one’s homework 做作业;

 37 have a picnic野餐;have class 上课

 have a meeting 开会 have a party 举办聚会

 have dinner/ breakfast /lunch/supper

 吃正/早/午/晚 餐 have +东西 吃/喝……

 have a good time =enjoy oneself 玩得很愉快 have sb to do sth 让某人做某事

 have to do sth 不得不……

 38 on the weekday 在周末;

 39 lot of = lots of = many =much 许多的,大量的

 40 in the sun 在阳光下;

 41 sb like --- best = sb’s favorite + 种类 is / are …… 谁最喜欢……

 42 on one’s way to ---- 在某人去……的路上; on one’s way home 在某人回家的路上

 43 Here we are 我们到了

 44 It’s very kind of you 你真是太好了;

 45 thanks / thank you for + n /v-ing

 为……而感谢你;

 46 in the tree 在树上(外物附着)

 on the tree 在树上(树上本身长出的东西)

 In the wall 在墙里 (如 window )

 on the wall 在墙上

 47It’s time for sth/ doing sth

 It’s time to do sth 该到做……的时候了

 It’s time for sb to do sth

 是某人做某事的时候了

 重点句子句型:

 1What do you think of -- =How do you like-- 你认为……怎么样

 例:What do you think of your English teacher == How do you like your English teacher

 2How much be + 主语

 ( 回答:It’s / They’re + 价钱)

 How much is your English book

 问价格还可以用 what’s the price of ……

 3 Why not ……(后接动词原形)

 = Why don’t you …… (后接动词原形)

 为什么不做某事呢

 回答:Good idea 好主意;

 4What time is it =What is the time

 (回答:It’s +时间)

;

String[][] tree = new String[10][10]; 建立了数组,每个element的值是null。

element[m]length(),element[m] 是一个值为null的String,对null求length(),就是NullPointerException。

先用循环给你的tree付值就可以解决。

tree

[tri:]

n

(1) 树, 木料, 树状物

vt

(2) 赶上树

n

(3) [计] 显示驱动器的子目录结构

vi

(4) 爬上树, 逃上树

高级汉语词典

[基本词义]

tree

生活需要

(1) 树

[基本词义]

tree

生活需要

(1) 树

[基本词义]

tree

生活需要

(1) 树木,木架

[基本词义]

tree

生活需要

(1) 树

[基本词义]

tree

生活需要

(1) 树

[基本词义]

tree

生活需要

(1) 环护林带

[基本词义]

tree

作业;运输

(1) 树

[基本词义]

tree

生活需要

(1) 树木

[基本词义]

tree

生活需要

(1) 树

[基本词义]

tree

生活需要

(1) 树状物

英汉双解计算机词典

[基本词义]

tree

(语法)树

(1) 1 A hierarchical net; a multilevel data structure It consists of a number of entities in “from top down” relationships and a specification of the orders in which they can be accessed The entity of highest position (the entity that must be accessed first in order to access any other entity in the structure) is the root (also origin)The other entities of the structure are owners and members; they are connected for access purposes by pointers which may also be termed links, connectors, or relationships

一种层次网或一种多级数据结构,它由一系列具有“自顶向下”关系的实体及其被存取的 顺序的说明组成。最顶端的实体(为了存取结构中任何其它实体而必须首先存取的实体)叫作 根(也叫原点),结构的其它实体叫作主体和成员,它们以存取为目标通过指针连接起来。这些 指针也叫链路、连接器或关系。参阅net, access path, tree diagram。 2 A term applied to hierarchical structure of entities; for example, to a company organization chart or a genealogy | 用在层次型的实体结构中的一个术语,例如,一个公司的机构图或一个家族的关系图。

现代英汉综合大辞典

[基本词义]

tree

[tri:]

n

(1) 树, 树木; 乔木; 树状大灌木

(2) 木料; 木制构件; 用于某种特殊目的的一块木头

(3) 树状物

(4) 世系图

(5) (=Christmas tree)圣诞树

(6) 数树(形);化树状晶体

(7) 电树形网络; 轴; 支柱; 纵梁; 光柱

(8) [古]绞刑架; 绞台; (钉耶稣的)十字架

(9) 鞋楦

tree and shrubs

乔木和灌木

a family tree

家传世系图

a clothes tree

衣帽架

a boot tree

靴楦

[词性变化]

tree

[tri:]

vt

(1) 驱使上树

(2) [口]使处于困境; 穷追

(3) 用鞋楦楦鞋

The dog treed the cat

狗赶猫上树。

[词性变化]

tree

[tri:]

n

(1) 树径

treeless

[`tri:lIs]

adj

(1) 无树木的

treelike

adj

[继承用法]

tree-age

n

(1) 树龄

treedozer

n

(1) 伐木机, 除根机, 推树机

tree-fish

n

(1) 梅花鲈

tree-guard

n

(1) 树木护栏, 树木的保护装置

treelined

adj

(1) 沿途有树的

treering

n

(1) (树木)年轮

treescape

[`tri:skeIp]

n

(1) 多树的风景, 树景

tree-system

n

(1) 树枝式系统[配电方式]

treetop

n

(1) 树顶; [pl]树顶高度(线)

tree-walk

vt

(1) 攀树

[习惯用语]

A tree is known by its fruit

(1) [谚]观其果而知其树; 观其行而知其人。

As a tree falls, so shall it lie

(1) [谚]树倒在何处, 就躺在何处(指事物有其必然的规律)。(来自《圣经》)

As the tree, so the fruit

(1) [谚]有其树必有其果; 什么树结什么果。

bark up the wrong tree

(1) (猎狗)向没有猎物的树乱吠; 精力花在不该花的地方; 攻击错了目标, 错怪了人

gallows tree

(1) 绞刑架, 绞台

ball tree

(1) (放在大厅入口处的)衣帽架

in the dry [green] tree

(1) 在老年[年富力强]时期; 处于劣 [佳] 境

pull up trees

(1) [口][通常用于否定句]作出伟大功绩, 取得重大成就

shake the pagoda tree

(1) (在印度)暴发致富

shake the plum tree

(1) [美]政党在选举胜利后把官职分给党员; 授予官职作为对政党效劳的报酬

the tree of life

(1) 生命树(据说长在伊甸园中, 食其果能长生不老)(来自《圣经》)

the tree of the knowledge of good and evil

(1) 使人分别善恶的智慧之树

the whole tree or not a cherry on it

(1) 或是全部要或是什么也不要; 不能全得, 宁可全失

Tyburn tree

(1) [俚]绞刑架(Tyburn为昔日伦敦死刑场)

up a tree

(1) 在困难的处境中; 进退维谷

You can't judge a tree by its bark

(1) [谚]不要根据树皮判断树木; 不能以貌取人。

[特殊用法]

Abraham's tree

(1) 气辐辏状卷云

acicular-leaved tree

(1) 针叶树

alligator [Sweet gum] tree

(1) 胶皮糖香树

amber tree

(1) 琥珀树; 非洲花子属植物

amur cork tree

(1) 黄蘖; [俗]黄波罗AND /

OR tree

(1) “与/或”树

anise tree

(1) 八角(大茴香)

Arabic gum tree

(1) 阿拉伯胶树

ash tree

(1) 树; 灰树(一种白蜡树)

assam rubber tree

(1) 印度橡胶树

athel tree

(1) 无叶柽柳

Australian broad leared tea tree

(1) 澳洲阔叶茶树; 绿花白千层

bald tree

(1) 树叶落光的树

balsam tree

(1) 秘鲁香胶木

bay tree

(1) 月桂树

bay-rum tree

(1) 野月桂

bead tree

(1) 苦楝树(海红豆)

bearing tree

(1) 成年树, 结果树

big tree

(1) 巨杉(世界爷)

binary tree

(1) 计二进制树形网络

block-cutpoint tree

(1) 块割点树

border [edge, marginal] tree

(1) 林缘树

Borneo-camphortree

(1) 龙脑香树

boundary tree

(1) 境界树

box tree

(1) 黄杨属

bread-fruit tree

(1) 面包果树

bronchial tree

(1) 解支气管树

broad-leaved tree

(1) 阔叶树

brood tree

(1) 虫害木, 树

bushy tree

(1) 杀势障木, 矮树

butter tree

(1) 牛油树

caoutchouc tree

(1) 橡胶树

carnauba tree

(1) 巴西棕榈

chestnut tree

(1) 栗树

China tree

(1) 楝树(苦楝)

Chinese dove tree

(1) 珙桐

Chinese tallow tree

(1) 乌桕

chocolate tree

(1) 巧克力树

Christmas tree

(1) 圣诞树

christmas tree

(1) 采油树

cinnamon tree

(1) 桂皮

clothes tree

(1) 柱式衣架, 衣帽架

clove tree

(1) 丁(子)香树

cocoa tree

(1) 可可树

coding tree

(1) 计编码树

coffee tree

(1) 咖啡树

cola tree

(1) 苏丹可乐果; 红可粒

combiner tree

(1) 组合器[组]

cone bearing tree

(1) 针叶树

coniferous tree

(1) 针叶树

cotton tree

(1) 木棉

cotton gum tree

(1) 胶皮糖香树

crop tree

(1) 主伐木

cucumber tree

(1) 锐叶木兰

dead and dying tree

(1) 枯死木

dead standing tree

(1) 枯立木

deciduous tree

(1) 落叶树

decision tree

(1) 决策图表, 分层次决策

derivation tree

(1) 计导出树, 派生树

dicotyledonous tree

(1) 双子叶树

dominant tree

(1) 优势木

doted tree

(1) 腐朽树

dragon tree

(1) 龙血树

dwarf tree

(1) 矮乔木

dwarfing tree

(1) 矮生树

dying tree

(1) 垂死木

ear-leaved umbrella tree

(1) 耳叶木兰树

East Indian coral tree

(1) 剌桐

elite tree

(1) 原树

endlessly rooted tree

(1) 无端有根树

established tree

(1) 驯化树

evergreen tree

(1) 常绿树

Family T-

(1) 家系图, 家谱, 谱族

family tree

(1) 系统树

fascicular tree

(1) 丛生树

fast-growing tree

(1) 速生树

fault tree

(1) 故障树

felled tree

(1) 采伐木, 伐倒木

fever tree

(1) 金鸡纳树

fig tree

(1) 无花果

fir tree

(1) 枞树, 杉树

fire protection tree

(1) 防火树

five-leaved chaste tree

(1) 山牡荆

flame tree

(1) 凤凰木

fodder tree

(1) 饲料树木

foliage tree

(1) 阔叶树

formed tree

(1) 乔木

gamboge tree

(1) 藤黄树

genealogical tree

(1) 系统树

grammar tree

(1) 语法树图

guave tree

(1) 番石榴

Gum tree

(1) 北美枫香树

gutta-percha tree

(1) 杜仲树

halzlenul [hazel] tree

(1) 欧洲榛

ham tree

(1) 烤火腿架

hardwood tree

(1) 阔叶树

head tree

(1) 畜头检验架

heart-wood tree

(1) 心材树

Hollong gurjun oil tree

(1) 羯布罗香树

horse tree

(1) 锯木架; (马具)吊杆

horseradish tree

(1) 辣木

identity tree

(1) 幺树

identity rooted tree

(1) 幺有根树

imperfect heartwood tree

(1) 熟材树

Indian caoutchouc tree

(1) 印度橡胶树

Indian Kino tree

(1) 印度吉纳树

intermediate tree

(1) 间型木, 中庸木

intolerant tree

(1) 阳(性)树

isolated tree

(1) 孤立树

jack tree

(1) 波罗蜜

Japan wood-oil tree

(1) 罂子桐

Judas tree

(1) 南欧紫荆

kapok tree

(1) 吉贝树

katsura tree

(1) 连香树

kola tree

(1) 苏丹可乐果

lead tree

(1) 树枝状铅, 铅树

leaf tree

(1) 阔叶树

leave tree

(1) 保留树

life tree

(1) 生命树

light-demanding tree

(1) 阳性树

lime tree

(1) 椴树

liver tree

(1) 肝凉却架

living tree

(1) 立木, 活树

locust tree

(1) 刺槐; 洋槐

logical tree

(1) 计逻辑分析图

long leaf tree

(1) 阔叶树

looking glass tree

(1) 银叶树

lopping tree

(1) 截枝树

lopsided tree

(1) 偏冠树, 偏斜树

maiden hair tree

(1) 银杏, 白果树

major forest tree

(1) 主林木

mangosteen tree

(1) 倒捻子

mean sample tree

(1) 中央木

melon tree

(1) 番木瓜

minimum spanning tree

(1) 最小生成树

minus tree

(1) 负型树木(形质和材质不良且易遭病虫袭击)

miscellaneous tree

(1) 杂木

model tree

(1) 标准木, 样木

monkey face tree

(1) 粗糠柴

monocotyledonous tree

(1) 单子叶树

needle -leaved tree

(1) 针叶树

nodding tree

(1) 倾斜树, 下垂树

noisy deformed tree

(1) 噪声畸变树

olive tree

(1) 齐墩果, 油橄榄

oriental plane tree

(1) 法国梧桐

oriented trees

(1) 有向树(形), 定向树形

ornamental tree

(1) 观赏树木

overlay tree

(1) 自树形重迭

oxygen tree

(1) 氧树

pagada tree

(1) 鸡蛋花

pagoda tree

(1) 槐树

parse tree

(1) 剖析树

pea tree

(1) 植锦鸡儿

pearl tree

(1) 茧子花

peepul tree

(1) 菩提树

peruvian bark tree

(1) 金鸡纳树

pimenta tree

(1) 众香树

plane tree

(1) 悬铃木; 法国梧桐

planted tree

(1) 植树

plus tree

(1) 优势木, 正型 树

proper tree

(1) 正常树

pygmy tree

(1) 矮树, 高山矮曲树

raisin tree

(1) 枳(拐枣)

red cassia tree

(1) 红桂木

refutation tree

(1) 反驳树

relational tree

(1) 关系树

relay tree

(1) 继电树形电路, 接点树形电路

residual tree

(1) 保残木

respiratory trees

(1) 解(无脊椎动物)呼吸树

retarded tree

(1) 被压木

roof tree

(1) 栋梁

rooted tree

(1) 有根树

rubber tree

(1) 橡胶树

sacred bark tree

(1) 药鼠李

sample tree

(1) 取样树

sap-wood tree

(1) 边材树

sawn tree

(1) 成材

scattered trees

(1) 散生树

search tree

(1) 搜索树

searching game tree

(1) 博奕树的搜索

seed tree

(1) 母树, 采种树

semantic tree

(1) 语义树

shade-bearing [shade-enduring] tree

(1) 阴性树类

sade-tolerating trees

(1) 耐阴树类

shoe tree

(1) 鞋楦

Siberian pea tree

(1) 蒙古锦鸡儿

signed tree

(1) 指定符号的树

silk cotton tree

(1) 丝绵树

silver tree

(1) 银树

siris tree

(1) 阔叶合欢

soap nut tree

(1) 无患子

sorrel tree

(1) 酸木

special [preserved, protected] tree

(1) 保护树

spindle tree

(1) 卫矛属

sprouting tree

(1) 萌蘖树

standard tree

(1) 标准乔木

standing tree

(1) 立木

static tree

(1) 摄静电斑痕stock 种株, 母本树; 母本园

strawberry tree

(1) 杨梅; 莓实树

street tree

(1) 行道树

strike tree

(1) 采矿井口翻矸台

structure tree

(1) 结构树

sugar maple tree

(1) 糖槭树

summer tree

(1) 大梁

sweet gum tree

(1) 胶皮糖香树

syntactic [syntax] tree

(1) 语法树

systematic tree

(1) 系统树

temple tree

(1) 鸡蛋花

thriving tree

(1) 主伐林

tolu tree

(1) 吐鲁胶树

totara tree

(1) 桃拓罗汉松

trap tree

(1) 诱虫树

tulip tree

(1) 鹅掌楸

tung oil tree

(1) 油桐

undesirable tree

(1) 杂木

vinegar tree

(1) 酸果漆树

wild tree

(1) 野生树苗

Wild coffee tree

(1) 野咖啡树

winged spindle tree

(1) 卫矛

wolf tree

(1) 杀势障木; 短干木; 老狼木

wood oil tree

(1) 木油树(五爪桐)

现代英汉词典

[基本词义]

tree

[tri:]

n

(1) 树,树木

(2) 树状灌木

(3) 树状物;衣帽架;鞋架

(4) 世系图;家谱 (= family tree)

tree 英 [tri:]   美 [tri]  :n 树;木料;树状图;宗谱;vt 把…赶上树;使处于困境;把鞋型插入(鞋内)

短语

family tree 家族树 ; 家谱 ; 家庭树 ; 族谱

Suffix Tree [计] 后缀树 ; 后缀树实现 ; 字尾树

tree hyrax 树蹄兔属 ; 树蹄兔

Leftist tree 左偏树 ; 左倾树

Tree sitting 树坐 ; 国际常见的树坐

Tree spiking 树钉

Metric tree 度量树

Fenwick tree 树状数组

camphor tree [林] 樟树 ; [林] 樟脑树 ; 香樟树 ; 香樟

扩展资料

双语例句

1、You are absolutely correct The leaves are from a bay tree 

你说得很对,这是月桂树的叶子。

2、The peach tree is wormy 

桃树长虫了。

3、He dug a hole in our yard on Edgerton Avenue to plant a maple tree when I was born

我出生的时候,他在埃杰顿大街我们家的园圃里挖了个坑,种了棵枫树。

4、China has the world's most ancient tree species--metasequoia 

中国有世界最古老的树种--水杉。

5、A vandal with a chainsaw cut down a tree 

一个故意破坏公物的人用链锯伐倒了一棵树。

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