新闻的表达方式一般是记叙,以记录事实为主。但按题材的不同和新闻媒介的不同,新闻的表达方式会显得各式各样。
传统的报刊杂志是通过文字来传输信息的。那么其中能穿插的东西就很少,无非是情感和当事人的言论等等。
电视广播由于其传播手段和技术比报刊杂志的先进,在表达方式上除了记录事实、其中可穿插的东西很多。可以是影像再现,请当事人访谈、请观众参与,请新闻发言人发言等等。许多的情感、音乐、场外景会被用进来。
到互联网和手机媒体时,受众的自主性和参与性更强了,新闻的表达方式也更注重受众的参与性和互动性。什么在线问答、在线投票以及由网友自己上传的视频和新闻。
扩展资料:
要素
从表达方式上看,新闻以记叙为主,十分讲究真实性。
新闻六要素(也就是记叙要素):时间、地点、人物、事件的起因、经过、结果。即五个“W”和一个“H” 即Who(何人) 、What(何事) 、When(何时)、Where(何地) 、Why(何因)、How(如何)。
一篇新闻报道,无论是消息还是通讯、特写,一般都包含这6个因素。“麻雀虽小,五脏俱全”,比如下面这条新闻,六要素交代得非常清楚。
“经过多年艰苦训练,中国运动员刘翔终于在2004年8月27日,雅典奥运会上获得男子110米栏冠军,被媒体称为‘亚洲飞人’。”
特点
公开性、真实性、针对性、时效性、准确性、显著性、接近性、开放性、广泛性、变动性。
结构
每则新闻在结构上,一般包括标题、导语、主体、背景和结语五部分。前三者是主要部分,后二者是辅助部分。标题一般包括引标题、正标题和副标题;导语是新闻开头的第一段或第一句话,它扼要地揭示新闻的核心内容。
主体是新闻的躯干,它用充足的事实来表现主题,是对导语内容的进一步扩展和阐释;背景指的是新闻发生的社会环境和自然环境。背景和结语有时也可以暗含在主体中。阅读新闻,要注意它的六要素(也就是记叙六要素):人物、时间、地点,事件发生的原因、经过、结果。
分类
1按事实发生状态分:突发性新闻、持续性新闻、周期性新闻;
2按事实发生与报道的时间差距分:事件性新闻与非事件性新闻;
3按新闻发生的地区与影响范围分:国际性新闻、国内性新闻、地方性新闻;
4按新闻事实的材料组合分:典型新闻、综合新闻、系列新闻;
5按传播渠道与信息载体分:文字新闻、新闻、电声新闻、音像新闻;
6按反映社会生活的内容分:政治新闻、经济新闻、法律新闻、军事新闻、科技新闻、文教新闻、体育新闻、社会新闻等。
新闻传播按介质可分为:电视、广播、报纸、杂志,互联网广告媒体、移动互联网媒体等几大类。
1、电视传播机构:中央电视台、地方电视台、娱乐、广告媒体,如湖南卫视等;
2、广播:中央人民广播电台、地方电台,如中央人民广播电台;
3、报纸:中国人民日报、南方都市报;
4、杂志:人物类《环球人物》、学术类《新闻传播》 、时事类《新周刊》等;
5、互联网广告媒体:腾讯新闻、导向新闻、新华网、人民网、百度新闻、新浪新闻、挪意时报、凤凰资讯、中国新闻网 、网易新闻、红网 、新广网 等;
6、移动互联网媒体:微博、微信属新媒体,是智能移动终端发展的产物。
参考资料:
1、或许,在我看向你的时候,你也在凝望着我,这才是爱情。
Perhaps, when I look at you, you are also looking at me, this is love
2、我比谁都相信爱情,只是我不再相信有人会爱我!
I believe in love more than anyone else, but I no longer believe that someone will love me!
3、远远的看着你对我的微笑,我的心感到很温暖,这就是爱情。
Looking at your ile at me from afar, my heart feels very warm This is love
4、我们离暧昧很近,可是离爱情,似乎又好远。
We are close to ambiguity, but far away from love
5、爱情的投入和产出不成比例,一相情愿的牺牲,往往感动的是自己。
The input and output of love are out of proportion, and the willing sacrifice often touches oneself
6、爱情,不能勉强,我不难过,只是有点遗憾。
Love, can not be forced, I am not sad, but a little regret
7、美貌,可以触发审美的情趣,但却不一定能触发倾慕或爱情。
Beauty can trigger aesthetic interest, but it does not necessarily trigger admiration or love
8、好的爱情,战得胜时间,抵得住流年,经得起离别,受得住想念。
Good love, winning time, can withstand fleeting years, can withstand parting, can withstand missing
9、没有什么做不到的事,对于真正的爱情来说。
Nothing is impossible for true love
10、爱情这东西,时间很关键。认识得太早或太晚,都不行。
Time is the key to love It's too early or too late to know
11、你懂得了什么是爱情,因为你懂得了什么是嫉妒。
You know what love is, because you know what jealousy is
12、与其说是你的承诺毁了爱情,不如说是我的期待毁了自己!
It's not so much your promise that ruins love as my expectation that ruins myself
13、爱情就像糍粑,给它温度便黏,让它冷着便硬。
Love is like a bamboo cake Give it temperature and stick, and make it cold and hard
14、有时候的爱情,卑微到渺小。一厢情愿终究换不到真心。
Sometimes love, humble to insignificant After all, one's wishes can't change one's heart
15、爱情把我拽向这边,而理智却要把我拉向那边。
Love pulls me this way, but reason pulls me that way
16、毫无经验的初恋是迷人的,但经得起考验的爱情是无价的。
The first love without experience is charming, but the love that can stand the test is priceless
17、感动不一定是爱情,但不感动的情感什么都算不上!
Moved is not necessarily love, but not touched emotions are nothing!
18、距离对于爱情,就像风对于火。它吹熄那些柔弱的。它助燃那些强烈的。
Distance is to love what wind is to fire It blows out those weak ones It fuels those strong ones
19、爱情里最好的距离就是看不清楚对方。
The best distance in love is not seeing each other clearly
20、爱情是理想的一致,是意志的融合;而不是物质的代名词、金钱的奴仆。
Love is the unity of ideals and the fusion of will, not the pronoun of material or the servant of money
21、我们可以吵架,但不能影响关系。无论友情还是爱情。
We can quarrel, but we can't influence the relationship Whether friendship or love
22、再唯美的爱情也掺杂着悲伤,再凄美的故事也有结局,世事何求完美。
No matter how beautiful love is mixed with sadness, no matter how sad the story is, there will be an end to it
23、爱情里没有谁伤了谁,没有谁付出的多或少,归根结底,只是糊涂一场。
No one in love hurt anyone, no one paid more or less, in the final ysis, just a confusion
24、爱之前,觉得单身不好,爱情很美;爱过后,觉得单身很好,爱情很烦。
Before love, feel single is not good, love is beautiful; after love, feel single is very good, love is very annoying
25、美貌,可以触发审美的憎爱分明情趣,但却不一定能触发倾慕或爱情。
Beauty can trigger aesthetic hatred and distinct interest, but it does not necessarily trigger admiration or love
26、爱情没有那么多借口,如果最终没能在一起,只能说明爱的不够。
Love does not have so many excuses, if ultimately not together, can only show that love is not enough
27、当你忽然想拾起爱情时,你才惊觉,爱是多么奇妙美好又苦涩。
When you suddenly want to pick up love, you will be surprised how wonderful and bitter love is
28、我从来都不相信爱情,就像从来就不相信猫会爱上那只鱼一样。
I never believed in love, just as I never believed that a cat would fall in love with that fish
29、我相信,真正在乎我的人是不会被别人抢走的,无论是友情,还是爱情。
I believe that people who really care about me will not be taken away by others, whether friendship or love
30、可以轻易离开一个人,却很难轻易改正一个习惯。
It's easy to leave a person, but it's hard to change a habit
31、爱情不是付出了许多,就能得到相同的温柔。
Love is not to give a lot, you can get the same tenderness
32、没有青春的爱情有何滋味?没有爱情的青春有何意义?
What's the taste of love without youth What is the meaning of youth without love
33、一旦爱情得到了满足,他人魅力也就荡然无存了。
Once love is satisfied, other people's charm will disappear
34、我爱你,你爱我,不是爱情,我爱你,你不爱我,他爱我,这才是爱情。
I love you, you love me, not love, I love you, you do not love me, he loves me, this is love
35、爱情不可能长期地隐藏,也不可能长期地假装。
Love cannot be hidden or pretended for a long time
36、能让爱情在它还美好的时候活在记忆里,未尝不是件幸福的事。
It is a happy thing to let love live in memory when it is still beautiful
37、爱情里最好的事,是我爱,恰好你也爱。
The best thing in love is that I love you, just as you love
38、爱情用心承受的时候可以自己承受,可是说出来的瞬间就会不受控制。
Love can be endured by itself when it is painstakingly endured, but the moment it is spoken out will be out of control
39、爱情容易走到尽头,友情却可以一生一世。
Love is easy to e to an end, but friendship can last a lifetime
40、最好的爱情便是,清楚的开始,糊涂的继续。
The best love is to start clearly and continue confusedly
41、爱情和恋爱只凭运气,与女人是否完美无关。
Love and love depend only on luck, which has nothing to do with whether a woman is perfect or not
42、有人追求女人的爱情,是为了把她抛在脑后,不再去想她。
Some people pursue women's love in order to leave her behind and stop thinking about her
43、青春如花束,爱情是果实,允许你占为己有,这就是幸福。
Youth is like a bouquet, love is a fruit, allowing you to own, this is happiness
44、爱情是最好的良药,可以抚慰哪怕残损不堪的心灵。
Love is the best medicine to soothe even the broken heart
45、如果爱情不能让你觉得幸福,那么任何原因的驻留都是对自己的残忍。
If love can't make you happy, then any reason for staying is cruelty to yourself
46、如果爱情不朽,那上面的灰尘一定很厚。
If love is immortal, the dust on it must be very thick
47、等待就是一次爱情接着另一次爱情;爱情就是一次等待接着另一次等待。
Waiting is one love followed by another; love is one wait followed by another wait
48、永远那么理智,就永远不会懂得爱情。
Always so rational, will never understand love
49、爱情有时候是一种宗教,每个人都有自己的信仰。
Love is sometimes a religion, and everyone has his own beliefs
50、仁爱占上风时,新闻才得以变成爱情、真理和美德的传送工具。
When kindness prevails, news bees a vehicle for the tran ission of love, truth and virtue
51、爱情的条件是只在你的眼中看到我。
The condition of love is to see me only in your eyes
52、明知道那个人不值得却还是义无反顾,这就是爱情。
Knowing that the person is not worth it, but still have no hesitation, this is love
53、我的爱情,最终只剩你的背影。
My love, finally only your back
54、总有一天,你会发现,我不是谁都能替代的,无论是友情还是爱情。
Someday, you will find that I can not be replaced by anyone, whether friendship or love
55、她说,言希别人的爱情会不会也是这样难受,抓住雨抓住阴天就想哭。
She said she hoped that the love of others would be so unfortable, seizing the rain and grasping the cloudy day, she wanted to cry
56、爱情不是依附,爱情是各自独立坚强,然后努力走到一起。
Love is not attachment, love is independent and strong, and then strive to e together
57、曾经的爱情,偶尔的回忆,我们继续着,一切都还是这样好!
Once love, occasional memories, we continue, everything is still so good!
58、我们应该惭愧,我们都爱自己,胜过爱爱情。
We should be ashamed that we all love ourselves more than love
59、如同飞蛾扑向野火,注定这场爱情要将她毁灭。
Like a moth plunging into a wildfire, this love is destined to destroy her
新闻的种类很多,按分类标准的不同,有各种不同的分类方法。如按照事件的性质分类,新闻可分为“硬新闻(hard news)和“软新闻”(soft news)两大类,硬新闻也就是“纯新闻消息报道”,指题材严肃,具有一定时效性的客观事实报道;软新闻是指情感味浓,写作方法诙谐,轻松幽默的社会新闻,不注重时效性。新闻英语中常见的体裁主要有三大类:消息(news)、特写(features)和新闻评论(commentaries and columns)。
标题(headline):浓缩概括全文的中心实质问题。
在报纸、广播、电视等新闻媒体每天刊载和播发的新闻中,百分之九十是用倒金字塔结构写成的。对于报纸来说,倒金字塔结构的新闻有自己的优势。主要是可以使读者很快得到新闻的精华部分;在生活节奏越来越快的今天,一般读者很少把一条新闻从头到尾读完,他们可能随时放下报纸,因此,报纸有必要让读者首先读到最重要的新闻内容。
为了帮助读者了解这种倒金字塔式结构,请见西方新闻学著作中的图表说明:
The Inverted Pyramid Form
Introduction containing most important or most interesting
more facts 更多的事实材料
supporting information or background 辅助性消息或背景材料
quotes or more facts of lesser importance引语或次要的事实材料
minor details 细节材料
least significant information 最不重要的消息
为了说明“倒金字塔结构”的新闻文体特点,现举美联社2001年11月22日的一篇报道为例:
NOVEMBER 22,19:43EST,2001
28 Killed in Colombia Landslide
By JUAN PABLO TORO
Associated Press Writer
FILADELFIA Colom bia(AP)—Rain-softened walls of a condemned strip mine crashed down on
scores of gold miners in western Colom- bia Thursday,killingat least 28 and leaving 40
others missing,authorities said.
The victims were said to be poor people who ignored government warnings that erosion had
made the mine unsafe.It appeared both the illegal digging and recent heavy rains were to
blame for the accident.
Survivors said two separate mudslides occurred at the site in Filadelfia,a small town
120 miles west of Bogotá.The second avalanche buried miners who were trying to rescue friends who had been engulfed in the first avalanche.
Rescuers shoveled furiously for hours in hopes of finding som- ebody alive,butonly recovered bodies.
As night fell Thursday,national disaster chief Eduardo Jose Gonzalez said hopes of finding anyone alive waned as crews prepared to suspend operations.The search was to resume Friday.
Gonzalez said 28bodies had been recovered,and at least 40 people were missing. Thirty-two miners were reported injured and taken to hospitals.
Hundreds of people had gathered at the scene,many of them anguished and weepingrelatives.
Emergency crews from the Red Cross and
the civil defense forces were using heavy machinery to remove the thick mud spread over
the site.Complicating therecovery effort,huge pools of water had seeped into the site
from a river running up to the hillside—used by the miners to rinse gold particles fromdirt.
Survivors said the earth crashed down without warning on a group of about 200 people trying to scrape gold from the well-worn hill-side.The workers were toiling with shovels
and picks inside a deep hole they had carved into the hill.The cavern had no structural
supports.
Many workers managed to scramble out of the way or crawl out from beneath the mud.
Others were not so lucky.
“We heard a very loud sound and the hill suddenly fell down upon us,”said 20-year-old Manuel Loaiza.“I was trapped up to my knees but some of the others dragged me out.”
Loaiza said he made less than $9a day at the crude mine.His 39-year-old uncle is still missing under the mud.
According to Julian Arboleda,an aide to Caldas State governor Luis Alfonso Arias,of- ficials ordered the mine closed several months ago.But residents thrown out of workby Colom bia's econom- ic downturn took the risk of working there anyway,Arboleda said.
Landslides triggered by rains are Colombia's most common natural disaster,killing dozens of people annually.Thursday's accident was the worst such tragedy in recent years.
According to the government's disaster relief agency,nearly 200 people died in a poor neighborhood in the city of Medellinwhen a 1987 landslide buried their houses.Landslides buried 150 dam workers in 1983 and a rescue team sent on their behalf.
消息”。美联社新闻报道的时间通常置于消息的最前面(NOVEMBER 22,19:43EST),即美国的标准时11月22日19点43分。
第一段十分简单明了地告诉读者:星期四,哥伦比亚西部的一露天金矿由于大雨而发生坍塌,至少28人死亡,40人失踪。
第三段是背景材料。利用事故的生还者的所见所闻讲述当时的情景:共发生了两次塌方,第二次的塌方将赶去救援的矿工也吞没。
第九、十、十一和第十二段也是背景材料,利用目击者的所见所闻进一步描述了金矿坍塌时的情景。
第十三、十四和第十五段均是与新闻事实有关的次重要的材料:这个金矿几个月以前就关闭了,但由于经济衰退人们又重操旧业;山体滑坡是哥伦比亚最常见的自然灾害。
Who—gold miners
What—were killed
When—Thursday(Nov.22)
Where—in western Colombia
Why—the walls of mine were softened by rain
How—(were killed)by crash
豌豆壳就很不错,有CNN Student News(10分钟新闻节目,针对美国中学生的,内容丰富有趣)和PBS谈话节目Newshour,可以让你接触很多美国高端人士,比如大学教授! 网站有mp3和文本,可以在线听,也可以下载的,很不错。推荐给你。不好不要分!
http://podcastveryabccn/indexhtml
英语新闻故事的类别分为:硬新闻和软新闻。
“硬新闻”(hard news):硬新闻也就是“纯新闻消息报道”,题材严肃,具有时效性的客观事实报道。如:时政要闻,军事报道,灾难报道,财经报道等。“软新闻”:软新闻是指情感味浓,写作方法诙谐,轻松幽默的社会新闻,不注重时效性。如:娱乐新闻,花边新闻,社会广角等。常见的体裁主要有三大类:消息,特写,和新闻评论。
新闻结构模式:倒金字塔结构(inverted pyramid structure):大多数新闻报道采用倒金字塔结构模式,即新闻信息按其重要性递减的顺序排列。这类新闻通常把最重要的信息放在导语中,次重要的放在第二段,以此类推,结尾部分信息一般最不重要。按事件发生的时间顺序 (The chronological style):这类新闻报道按事件发生的时间顺序进行报道,通常适用于体育新闻,文艺表演,交通事故,灾难报道等。
国外的情感类网站有exboyfriendrecovery,是讲怎么和男友复合的,还有LonelyTweets ,提供在线孤独情感展示墙,可以自我宣泄个人情感,分享感受和想法,挺有意思的,国内经常去的是彼爱(BiiB),主要去看一些情感类故事,学习一些爱情,婚姻如何经营。
journalist n新闻工作者
journalism n新闻业
coverage n新闻报道
cover v采访
media n媒体
anchor n新闻节目主持人
exclusive n独家报道
dispatch n(记者发回的)新闻报道
press n新闻界
press card 记者证
press corps 记者团
press conference 记者招待会
press release / press briefing 新闻发布会
像是E-News、The Times in Plain English、FluentU、The NYT Times Minute都是很不错的英语网站。当然如果你想要的提升自身的英语综合实力的话,仅仅靠这些还是不够的!
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