世界著名音乐家简介英文的

国外的著名音乐家

乐之父—— 巴赫 ( 德 国 )

音乐神童—— 莫扎特 ( 德 国 )

古今乐圣——贝多芬 ( 德 国 )

歌曲之王——舒伯特 ( 德 国 )

音乐神灵——韩德尔 ( 德 国 )

指挥之王——卡拉杨 ( 德 国 )

歌剧之王—— 威尔弟 ( 意大利 )

音乐之王——斯卡拉蒂 ( 意大利 )

小提琴之王——帕格尼尼 ( 意大利 )

进行曲之王——苏萨 ( 美 国 )

流行歌曲之王——福斯特 ( 英 国 )

园舞曲之父一一老约翰·施特劳斯 ( 奥地利 )

圆舞曲之王——小约翰·施特劳斯 ( 奥地利 )

交响曲之王——海顿 ( 奥地利 )

交响乐诗人——柏辽兹 ( 法 国 )

印象派大师——德彪西 ( 法 国 )

轻歌剧之王——奥芬巴赫 ( 法 国 )

管弦乐色彩大师——拉威尔 ( 法 国 )

钢琴诗人——肖邦 ( 波 兰 )

钢琴之王——李斯特 ( 匈牙利 )

舞剧音乐大师——柴科夫斯基 ( 俄 国 )

中国音乐家

伯牙：春秋时代的琴师。《荀子·劝学》有“伯牙鼓琴，而六马仰秣”之说，

可见他的琴艺之高超。相传代表作品有《水仙操》、《高山流水》。

师旷：春秋时期晋国的乐师。双目失明，但他的听觉敏锐，辨别音律十分准确

。他的代表作品有《白雪》、《玄默》。

李延年：汉代宫廷音乐家。曾担任乐府的协律都尉。他的代表作品有根据张骞

从西域带回的《摩柯兜勒》，制作了28首新曲调，作为仪仗使用的军乐。

嵇康：三国时期魏末琴家、文学家、思想家。他学识渊博，善写诗赋文论，热

爱音乐，擅长弹琴，以弹奏《广陵散》著称。他的代表作品有《声无哀乐论》和《

琴赋》，对音乐和琴的奏法及表现力，作了细致而生动的描写。

苏低婆：南北朝时宫廷音乐家。她善弹胡琵琶，家传龟兹乐调“五旦七声”宫

调体系。其音乐理论，有力地促进了我国古代宫调体系的建立和发展。

万宝常：隋代音乐家，善弹多种乐器。他的代表作品有《乐谱》。

李隆基：唐代音乐家，他也是我国古代第一位皇帝音乐家。他擅长演奏羯鼓和

横笛，创作改编了《夜半乐》、《小破阵乐》、《霓裳羽衣曲》等。建立了唐代音

乐机构教坊、梨园。

李龟年：唐代乐师，他演奏的吹管乐器筚篥技艺高超，很多诗人都听过他的演

奏，并且写下了许多脍炙人口的诗句。

姜夔：宋代音乐家、词人，别号白石道人，世称姜白石。代表作品有《扬州慢

》、《凄凉犯》、《白石道人歌曲》等。

朱载育：明代乐律学家。著有《乐律全书》、《律吕正论》、《律吕质疑辨惑

》等书。《乐律全书》总结了前人的乐律理论，并加以发展，首创了“新法密率”的理论

外加

冼星海

李德伦

吴祖强

吕远

施光南

I

most

like

musician

I

most

like

the

musician

is

Xian

Xinghai,

he

has

the

great

contribution

in

music

creation

aspect,

he

has

“the

people's

musician”

title

"the

Huanghe

River

Cantata"

is

Xian

Xinghai

most

important

and

affects

biggest

representative

works,

moreover

I

also

very

much

like

我最喜爱的音乐家

我最喜欢的音乐家是冼星海，他在音乐创作方面有巨大贡献，他有“人民音乐家”的称号。《黄河大合唱》是冼星海最重要的和影响最大的一部代表作，而且我也很喜欢。

贝多芬：

Ludwig van Beethoven, Composer

Born: December 1770

Birthplace: Bonn, Germany

Died: 26 March 1827 (cirrhosis of the liver, plus dropsy)

Best Known As: The composer of Beethoven's Fifth

Mozart aside, Beethoven is the most famous classical composer of the western world He is remembered for his powerful and stormy compositions, and for continuing to compose and conduct even after he began to go deaf at age 28 The ominous four-note beginning to his Fifth Symphony -- bom bom bom bommmmm -- is one of the most famous moments in all of music

Beethoven never married After his death his friends found letters to a lover he called "Immortal Beloved," whose identity has never been discovered Beethoven's precise date of birth is unknown; he was baptized on 17 December 1770, and it is presumed he was born on 16 December

B

Dear Friend,

The recent success of children's books has made the general public aware that there's a huge market out there

And there's a growing need for new writers trained to create the $3 billion worth of children's books bought each year plus stories and articles needed by over 650 publishers of magazines for children and teenagers

Who are these needed writers They're ordinary folks like you and me

But am I good enough

I was once where you might be now My thoughts of writing had been pushed down by self-doubt, and I didn't know where to turn for help

Then, I accepted a free offer from the Institute to test my writing aptitude（潜能）, and it turned out to be the inspiration I needed

The promise that paid off

The Institute made the same promise to me that they will make to you, if you show basic writing ability:

You will complete at least one manuscript（手稿） suitable to hand in to a publisher by the time you finish our course

I really didn't expect any publication before I finished the course, but that happened I sold three stories And I soon discovered that was not unusual at the Institute

Since graduation, I have authored 34 nationally published children's books and over 300 stories and articles

Free test and brochure

We offer a free aptitude test and will send you a copy of our brochure describing our recognized home-study courses on the basis of one-on-one training

Realize your writing dream today There's nothing sadder than a dream delayed until it fades forever

Sincerely,

Kristi Holl, Instructor

Institute of Children's Literature

61 From the first three paragraphs, we learn that_____

A children’s books are usually bestsellers

B publishers are making $3 billion each year

C magazines for teenagers have drawn public attention

D there is a growing need for writers of children's books

答案D

解析前三段话从不同方面告诉我们急需儿童书籍的作者。

62 When finishing the course, you are promised to_____

A be a successful publisher

B become a confident editor

C finish one work for publication

D get one story or article published

答案C。

解析由第五段话中的You will complete at least one manuscript（手稿） suitable to hand in to a publisher by the time you finish our course可以知道答案。

63 Kristi Holl mentions her experience mainly to_____

A prove she is a good instructor

B promote the writing program

C give her advice on course preparation

D show she sold more stories than article

答案B。

解析Kristi Holl用自己的例子证明该项目的可行性，同时也宣传了该项目。

翻译：

亲爱的朋友：

最近儿童读物的成功，使一般公众意识到，它有一个市场非常庞大的市场。

越来越有必要为新的作家培训，以创造每年价值30亿美元的儿童书籍购买 加上针对儿童和青少年的故事和文章所需要的650多出版商杂志。

谁是这些需要的作家？他们是像你和我的普通人。

但我就足够好了吗？

我曾经在您可能现在呆的地方。我写作的想法被自我怀疑压倒了，我不知道去哪里寻求帮助。

然后，我接受了来自于能够测试我写作潜能的组织免费提供的帮助。它结果成为了我需要灵感。

承诺得到了回报。

该组织所做出的对我的承诺同样将支付给你，如果你表现出基本的写作能力：您将至少有一个完整的适合你的手稿手，以便于在你完成我们的课程的时候能够交上来。

我真的没有想到我完成了课程之前会有任何出版，但它却发生了。我变卖了三个故事。我很快发现，在这个组织那并不是不寻常。

自毕业后，我已出版著作34个国家的儿童读物和超过300个故事和文章。

免费试用和小册子。

我们提供免费的能力倾向测试，并会向您发送了一份小册子来介绍我们公认的家庭学习课程，进行一对一的基础培训。

今天实现您的写作梦想。没有什么比一个梦想被耽搁更伤心的了，直到它消失永远。

此致。

克里斯蒂诺贝特霍尔，导师

儿童文学研究所

C

How Room Designs Affect Our Work and Feelings

Architects have long had the feeling that the places we live in can affect our thoughts, feelings and behaviors But now scientists are giving this feeling an empirical（经验的，实证的） basis They are discovering how to design spaces that promote creativity, keep people focused and lead to relaxation

Researches show that aspects of the physical environment can influence creativity In 2007, Joan Meyers-Levy at the University of Minnesota, reported that the height of a room's ceiling affects how people think Her research indicates that higher ceilings encourage people to think more freely, which may lead them to make more abstract connections Low ceilings, on the other hand, may inspire a more detailed outlook

In additions to ceiling height, the view afforded by a building may influence an occupant's ability to concentrate Nancy Wells and her colleagues at Cornell University found in their study that kids who experienced the greatest increase in greenness as a result of a family move made the most gains on a standard test of attention

Using nature to improve focus of attention ought to pay off academically, and it seems to, according to a study led by C Kenneth Tanner, head of the School Design & Planning Laboratory at the University of Georgia Tanner and his team found that students in classrooms with unblocked views of at least 50 feet outside the window had higher scores on tests of vocabulary, language arts and maths than did students whose classrooms primarily overlooked roads and parking lots

Recent study on room lighting design suggests than dim（暗淡的） light helps people to loosen up If that is true generally, keeping the light low during dinner or at parties could increase relaxation Researchers of Harvard Medical School also discovered that furniture with rounded edges could help visitors relax

So far scientists have focused mainly on public buildings "We have a very limited number of studies, so we're almost looking at the problem through a straw（吸管）," architect David Allison says "How do you take answers to very specific questions and make broad, generalized use of them That's what we're all struggling with"

64 What does Joan Meyers-Levy focus on in her research

A Light B Ceilings C Windows D Furniture

答案B。

解析细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知Joan Meyers-Levy focus on ceilings

65 The passage tells us that ______

A the shape of furniture may affect people's feelings

B lower ceilings may help improve students' creativity

C children in a dim classroom may improve their grades

D students in rooms with unblocked views may feel relaxed

答案A。

解析细节判断题。根据文中内容可知B,C和D均是错误的。

66 The underlined sentence in the last paragraph probably means that ______

A the problem is not approached step by step

B the researches so far have faults in themselves

C the problem is too difficult for researchers to detect

D research in this area is not enough to make generalized patterns

答案D。

解析句意猜测题。根据划线句子后面的一句话可以知道该题的正确答案为:D。

67 Which of the following shows the organization of the passage

CP: Central Point P: Point SP: Sub-point（次要点） C: Conclusion

答案C。

解析考查文章结构。注意解题技巧。第一段为总要点，最后一段为结论，要点123共同服务于结论，重要的是要点二又包含了两个次要点(视觉上：颜色的作用和窗外视野的作用)。综上分析可知答案为:C。

翻译：

家具设计是如何影响我们工作和感情的

建筑师长久以来就感觉到我们生活的地方可能会影响我们的思想，感情和行为，但现在科学家正给予这种感情实证的基础。他们正在发掘如何设计促进创造力，使人们集中，并放松的空间。

研究表明，各方面的物质环境可以影响创造力。 2007年，琼迈耶斯，利维在美国明尼苏达大学的报告说，一个房间天花板的高度影响人们如何去思考。她的研究表明，更高的天花板鼓励人们更加自由的思考，这可能导致他们做出更多的抽象联想。低的天花板，另一方面，可能会激发更详细的展望。

此外，天花板的高度，所建筑物所提供的视野可能会影响到工作人员的注意力。南希井和她的同事发现，在康奈尔大学的研究，那些经历了在绿色方面大幅度提高的全家搬家的孩子们，在注意力的测试水平上有了巨大的提高。

运用天性去改善关注的焦点应该在学术上取得成功，它似乎是，根据由佐治亚大学负责学术设计与规划实验室的肯尼思唐纳领导的一项研究显示。唐纳和他的研究小组发现，距离窗子至少50英尺远的拥有畅通视野的教室学生比那些基本上忽视道路和停车场的学生在词汇、语言艺术和数学的测试上有更高的分数。

最近一项关于室内照明设计的研究表明，暗淡的灯光有助于人们放松。如果这大体上是真的，在晚宴或是聚会上保持低的光线可以增加放松。哈佛医学院的研究人员还发现，带有圆角边缘的家具可以帮助参观者放松。

迄今科学家们主要集中在公共建筑。 “我们有一个数量非常有限的研究，因此，我们看问题几乎是管中窥豹 ”建筑师大卫艾里森说。 “你怎么回答非常具体的问题，并把它们广泛的，普遍的运用呢？这就是我们都苦苦挣扎的事情。

D

When students and parents are asked to rate subjects according to their importance, the arts are unavoidably at the bottom of the list Music is nice, people seem to say, but not important Too often it is viewed as mere entertainment, but certainly not an education priority（优先） This view is shortsighted In fact, music education is beneficial and important for all students

Music tells us who we are Because music is an expression of the beings who create it, it reflects their thinking and values, as well ad the social environment it came influence that George Gershwin and other musicians introduced into their music is obviously American because it came from American musical traditions Music expresses our character and values It gives us identity as a society

Music provides a kind of perception（感知）that cannot be acquired any other way Science can explain how the sun rises and sets The arts explore the emotive（情感的）meaning of the same phenomenon We need every possible way to discover and respond to our world for one simple but powerful reason: No one way can get it all

The arts are forms of thought as powerful in what they communicate as mathematical and scientific symbols They are ways we human beings “talk” to each other They are the language of civilization through which we express our fears, our curiosities, our hungers, our discoveries, our hopes The arts are ways we give form to our ideas and imagination so that they can be shared with others When we do not give children access to an important way of expressing themselves such as music, we take away from them the meanings that music expresses

Science and technology do not tell us what it means to be human The arts do Music is an important way we express human suffering, celebration, the meaning and value of peace and love

So music education is far more necessary than people seem to realize

68 According to Paragraph 1, students

A regard music as a way of entertainment

B disagree with their parents on education

C view music as an overlooked subject

D prefer the arts to science

答案A。

解析从第一段我们可以知道，学生们一般把music列为entertainment，列为not important。所以正确的答案为:A

69 In Paragraph 2, the author uses jazz an example to

A compare it with rock music

B show music identifies a society

C introduce American musical traditions

D prove music influences people’s lifestyles

答案B。

解析推理判断题。通过第二段最后三行的描述，特别是最后一句话，我们可以断定该题的正确答案为:B。

70 According to the passage, the arts and science

A approach the world from different angles

B explore different phenomena of the world

C express people’s feelings in different ways

D explain what it means to be human differently

答案A。

解析推理判断题。通读文章我们知道艺术和科学从不同的角度来审视社会。而不是用不同的方式来表达人们的情感。

71 What is the main idea of the passage

A Music education deserves more attention

B Music should be of top education priority

C Music is an effective communication tool

D Music education makes students more imaginative

答案A。

解析主旨大意题。第一段话引出话题，表明人们对音乐的不重视，然后作者从不同方面来论证自己的观点：音乐应该得到人们更多的关注。

翻译：当学生和家长的要求根据重要性去评估学科，艺术就不可避免的排在了清单的底部。音乐很不错，人们似乎说，但并不重要。它往往被视为单纯的娱乐，但肯定不是优先教育。这种看法是短浅的。事实上，音乐教育对所有的学生是有益的、重要的。

音乐告诉我们我们是谁。因为音乐是一种人类表达方式，它反映了他们的思想和价值观，以及来自的社会环境。摇滚音乐就好像舒伯特的歌曲一样代表了一种生活方式。爵士影响了乔治格什温和其他音乐家引入到他们的音乐，这显然是美国人，因为它来自美国音乐的传统。音乐表达了我们的性格和价值观。它给予我们社会身份。

音乐提供了一种不能以任何其他方式获得的感知。科学可以解释为什么太阳升起和降落。艺术探索同样的现象情感的含义。我们需要一切可能的方式来发现和回应我们这个世界的一个简单而有力的理由是：没有一种方法可以得到这一切。

艺术是和数学和科学符号一样强大的作为沟通内容的思维形式。他们是我们人类相互“对话”的方式。他们是文明的语言，通过它我们可以表达我们的担心，我们的好奇心，我们的渴望，我们发现，我们的希望。

艺术我们思想和想象力形式的表达方式，以便于使它们能够与他人分享。一但我们没有给孩子一个重要表达自己如音乐的方式的机会，我们就剥夺了他们表达音乐的意译。

科学和技术并没有告诉我们什么是人权。艺术却做到了。音乐是一种表达我们人类苦难，庆祝活动，和平与爱的意义和价值的重要方式。

因此，音乐教育是人类更有必要去实行的。

My

favorite

song

is

Jay's"Hair

Like

Snow"

It

is

a

long

time

since

I

know

Jay,I

think

he

is

have

artistic

talent

in

music

writeFor

example,

the"Hair

Like

Snow"examda

　　this

song

sounds

very

quiet

and

postic

Every

notes

all

tell

us

a

silent

story

In

their

story,

I

felt

cheerful,I

felt

refreshing

and

I

felt

especial

I

can't

resist

Jay's

music

allure

for

myself

　　Now,Jay's

new

album

is

comming

I

hope

in

this

new

album

I

can

listening

good

songs

more

and

more

我的喜爱歌是鸟的

"

像雪一样的头发

"

因为我知道鸟，现在是长的时间，我认为他是让音乐的艺术的才能写。举例来说，

"

头发同类雪

"examda

　　这一首歌听非常安静和

postic。

每个附注完全地告诉我们一个沈默的故事。

在他们的故事，我觉得快活，我感觉更新