了不起的大作家这篇故事的思维导图怎么画

该思维导图概括如下：

中心思想：伟大的作家

|-- 四大洲特点：

|-- 亚洲：

|-- 中国：

|-- 老舍、莫言、王小波

|-- 日本：

|-- 村上春树、宫崎骏

|-- 非洲：

|-- 哈拉里、塞拉利昂

|-- 欧洲：

|-- 莎士比亚、伏尔泰、马克吐温

|-- 美洲：

|-- 斯蒂芬·金、史蒂芬·霍金、马丁·路德·金

|-- 不同文学流派：

|-- 侦探小说：

|-- 阿加莎·克里斯蒂

|-- 现实主义：

|-- 米兰·昆德拉

|-- 启蒙文学：

|-- 拜伦

|-- 浪漫主义：

|-- 华兹华斯

|-- 小说：

|-- 柴科夫斯基、海明威

|-- 伟大作家的特点：

|-- 能够描绘出真实的人物

|-- 能够把社会现实写进作品

|-- 能够反映出人性的普遍性

|-- 能够创造出超乎现实的世界

恩维导图怎么画如下：

1、从白纸的中心开始绘制，周围留出空白，用一个图像表达你的中心主题，绘制整个思维导图的中心：用彩色笔或者你喜欢的笔在纸上画一幅图像或图画表达你的中心思想。

2、画一些向四周发散出来的粗线条，每一条线都使用不同的颜色，这些分支代表你的主要想法，使用联想来扩展这幅思维导图，根据我们联想到的事物，从每一个关键词上发散出更多的分支。

3、在这些等待填充的线上清楚地写下每个关键词，用上一级关键词来触发灵感。自始至终使用图形。

思维导图：

思维导图，英文是The Mind Map，又名心智导图，是表达发散性思维的有效图形思维工具 ，它简单却又很有效同时又很高效，是一种实用性的思维工具。

思维导图运用图文并重的技巧，把各级主题的关系用相互隶属与相关的层级图表现出来，把主题关键词与图像、颜色等建立记忆链接。

思维导图是一种将思维形象化的方法。我们知道放射性思考是人类大脑的自然思考方式，每一种进入大脑的资料，不论是感觉、记忆或是想法，包括文字、数字、符码、香气、食物、线条、颜色、意象、节奏、音符等，都可以成为一个思考中心，并由此中心向外发散出成千上万的关节点。

思维导图（MindMap，又称脑图、心智地图）是表达发散性思维的有效图形思维工具。

思维导图运用图文并重的技巧，把各级主题的关系用相互隶属与相关的层级图表现出来，把主题关键词与图像、颜色等建立记忆链接。

它充分运用左右脑的机能，协助人们在科学与艺术、逻辑与想象之间平衡发展，从而开启人类大脑的无限潜能。

思维导图是有效的思维模式，应用于记忆、学习、思考等的思维“地图”，有利于人脑的扩散思维的展开。

思维导图已经在全球范围得到广泛应用，新加坡教育部将思维导图列为小学必修科目，大量的500强企业也在学习思维导图，中国应用思维导图也有20多年时间了。

英语四年级下册思维导图怎么画如下：

思维导图是一个知识网思考和图像记忆结合的思维工具，打破了以前做笔记就是抄书的窘境，打破了做笔记很麻烦、很累、很没用的窘境，打破了笔记只能做好前几页的窘境。

思维导图它能提高你的专注力、逻辑思维力、记忆力。我常常画完一幅导图后，就感觉从另一个世界出来一样，再也不会像以前一样，笔记记几页就不愿记了。

它的第一属性是逻辑，能让你把散乱的知识点变成知识网，画完后对学习资料有了清晰的掌握，让你看见自己的知识体系！

它是图像记忆，大部分记忆高手、世界记忆大师、最强大脑选手都是用图像记忆，图像记忆的功能是十分强大的，一图胜千言，记一幅图永远比记一堆文字要轻松有趣！兴趣才是学习的第一老师！思维导图会让学习变得更有趣！

思维导图是表达发散性思维的有效图形思维工具，它简单却又很有效，是一种实用性的思维工具。

1思维导图的英文名称是The Mind Map，也叫做心智导图，脑图，心智地图，脑力激荡图等。

2思维导图应用图文兼具的方法，把各个主题内容的关系用相互隶属与相关的层级图呈现出来。

3思维导图充分利用左脑右脑的功能，利用记忆，阅读，思维的规律帮助大众在科学与艺术，逻辑与想象之间均衡发展。

4开启人类大脑的无限潜能，思维导图因此具有人类思维的强大功能。

｜浪漫主义时期｜• 简介

英国浪漫主义时期一般被认为始于1798年，标志为华兹华斯与柯勒律治的《抒情歌谣集》的出版，终于1832年，标志为沃尔特•司各特的去世及议会的第一个改革提案的通过。

Gothic novel ,a type of romantic fiction that predominanted in the late eighteenth century, was one phase of the Romantic movementIts principal elements are violence, horror,and the supernatural,which strongly appeal to the reader’s emotion 

哥特式小说是浪漫主义运动的一种形式 盛于浪漫主义前期18世纪末。

小说主要元素：暴力，恐怖，超自然力量的描写。

VIP :

1William Blake

2William Wordsworth

3Percy Bysshe Shelley

4Jane Austen

How is Romanticism different from Neoclassicism Provide brief evidence from the literary works you know best

1: Neoclassicists upheld that artistic ideals should be order,logic, restrained emotion and accuracy, and that literature should be judged in terms of its service to humanity, and thus, literary expression should be of proportion, unity, harmony and grace

2: Romanticists tended to see the individual as the very center of all experience, including art, and thus, literary work should be “spontaneous overflow of strong feelings ”, and no matter how fragmentary those experiences were, the value of the work lied in the accuracy of presenting those unique feelings and particular attitudes

3: In a word, Neoclassicism emphasizes rationality and form but Romanticism attached great importance to the individual’s mind

威廉•布莱克 生于伦敦一个爱尔兰裔小商人家庭，一生中，他都身兼诗人与雕刻家两重角色，他的天才在他的有生之年是默默无闻的，只是在他去世后才被人挖掘出来并一举成名。

在文学上，布莱克是第一位重要的浪漫主义诗人，表现出对理性至上的轻视，对18世纪古典主义的叛逆以及对个人幻想的重视。

布莱克的代表作《天真之歌》表述了一个愉快而纯洁的世界，尽管这个世界也偶有苦难与罪恶。《经验之歌》则描绘了一个截然不同的世界，一个充满苦难、贫穷、疾病与战争的世界，笔调极为忧伤压抑。

《天真之歌》中不少诗篇都在《经验之歌》中有着姊妹篇。比如“孩童之欣喜”与“孩童之忧愁”对应，纯洁的羔羊与燃烧的猛虎对应。两部诗集主题相似，笔调不同。

1| Songs of Innocence & Songs of Experience |

Brief introduce

A The Songs of Innocence is a lovely volume of poems, presenting a happy and innocent world, though not without its evils and sufferings

B His Songs of Experience paints a different world, a world of misery, poverty, disease, war and repression with a melancholy tone

C Childhood is the central to Blake's concern in the Songs of Innocence and Songs of Experience

2 | Tyger |

What does "symmetry" mean

The well-proportioned body of the tiger

What does "tyger" refer to

There are different opinions about the tiger Some say the tiger is made by God Others say it is made by men One more idea thinks that The Tyger is a poem about work, about artistic creation

  Please make a comment on William Blake's poetry

A His first collection of poems Poetical Sketches is one of youthful verse with joy, laughter, love and harmony as its prevailing notes

B The second volume of his Songs of Innocence presents a happy and innocent world

C The third --- Songs of Experience paints a different world, a world of misery, poverty, disease, war and repression with a melancholy tone

The last two hold the similar subject-matter, but their tone, emphasis and conclusion differ Childhood remains central to the poet's concern in the two, with a number of poems from them can be pairs

For example, the two poems both entitled "Chimney Sweeper" are such pairs, for the one in the Songs of Innocence indicates the conditions of the exploitation of child labor, which make religion a consolation, but the one in the Songs of Experience reveals the true nature of religion which helps bring misery to the poor children

D The maturity of Blake's poetry is shown in his poem Marriage of Heaven and Hell in which the relationship of the contraries is explored, for in the poet's eyes, "without contraries, there is no progression"

  What does the poem "The Chimney Sweeper (from Songs of Experience)" reveal

The two “Chimney Sweeper”poems are good examples to reveal the relation between an economic circumstance, iethe exploitation of child labor, and ideological circumstance iethe role played by religion in making people compliant to exploitationIn the Songs of Experience reveals the true nature of religion which helps bring misery to the poor children

威廉•华兹华斯

• 1797年，结识了科勒律治，两人成为知心密友，合作完成了《抒情歌谣集》。

• 诗人骚塞、科勒律治、和华兹华斯三人一并成为“湖畔诗人”。

• 1842年，华兹华斯荣获政府津贴，次年他压倒骚塞成为“桂冠诗人”（Poet Laureate）

• 华兹华斯被称为“大自然的膜拜者”。

• 华兹华斯是一个怀旧的诗人，对他来说，生命犹如轮回的旅程，生命之始也是生命之终。他的这种人生哲学体现在他的代表作《序曲》中。

• 华兹华斯追求简洁朴素的风格，厌恶粉饰真实。他强调诗歌创作最要紧的是把握素材的真实来源，即“在静谧中找回情感”。他的创作理论核心是普通人的生活经历。

• 华兹华斯是英国诗歌史上的巨星，是浪漫主义时期的杰出代表，他号召人们用清新、自然、关心的目光去看待周围的事物，开创了运用百姓生活语言写诗的新道路，并号召人们回归自然。

作家作品：

The Prelude

Composed upon Westminster Brige

Lyrical Ballads

I Wondered Lonely as a Cloud

The Solitary Reaper

1 | I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud |

This poem typically depicts the author's respect for nature / His love for the daffodils

2 | Composed upon Westminster Brige |

3 | She Dwelt Among the Untrodden Ways |

《独自幽居》By comparing a country girl (Lucy) to a violet, the poet intends to show her quality of beauty and her virtue which are often neglected by the common people just like a wild flower blooming by an untrodden road

4 | The Solitary Reaper |

《孤独的收割者》It tells us, to Romanticists, poetry is an expression of an individual's feelings and experience no matter how fragmentary and momentary these feelings and experiences are (无论他们的情感是微不足道的还是伟大的)

| Questions |

Please discuss the significance of William Wordsworth's poetry in the history of English literature

A First of all, Wordsworth's theory, as stated in his "preface" to the second edition of the Lyrical Ballads, serves as a manifesto of Romanticism The poet takes the direct experience of the senses as the source of poetic truth as poetry comes from the "emotion recollected in tranquillity" The significance of the "Preface" also presents itself in the poet's advocation of the writing of the common people in ordinary language

B Secondly, his practice is what his theory implies, for the joys and sorrows of the common people are his themes, in many of his poems such as the "Lucy poems"

C Thirdly, natural scenery with its beauty and mystery acts also as one of his favorite themes and the sympathy out of the poet's nature towards the poor in rural places becomes part of his concern

D Finally, the seemingly simplicity of the poet both in diction and description is immersed in a profound and sympathetic longing for a better world So the most important contribution he has made is that he has not only started the modern poetry, the poetry of his growing inner self, but also changed the course of English poetry by using ordinary speech of the language and by advocating a return to nature

雪莱 出生于一个富有家庭，父亲是个保守的乡绅，母亲貌美。

• 雪莱对自由的渴望及对暴政的憎恶都体现在诗作中，如《自由颂》《那不勒斯颂》等。

• 雪莱最著名的政治抒情诗是《致英格兰人民》，诗中号召工人，农民起来斗争，在宪章运动时期成为英国***的战歌。

• 雪莱最著名的抒情诗当属《西风颂》。瑟瑟寒风熄灭了一年的生机，却孕育着新春的希望，诗人希望自己也化作这西风，把他对未来的预言传遍人间。

• 雪莱最有造诣的作品是他的四幕诗剧《被解放的普罗米修斯》。

• 雪莱的诗歌语言清新别致，文化底蕴深厚，含有丰富的典故，并多用拟人和隐喻，将我们看到的事物完全生动地描绘出来。

作家作品：

To a Skylark

Men of England

Ode to the West Wind

| Men of England | 

《致英格兰人民》It is not only a war cry calling upon all working people to rise up against their political oppressors, but an address to them pointing out the intolerable injustice of economic exploitation

"drones" refers to the parasitic class in human society

"bees of England" refers to the laboring people in England

| Ode to the West Wind | (theme)

The poem expresses his eagerness to enjoy the boundless freedom from the reality

奥斯汀一生完成六部作品，她的处女作《理智与情感》讲述了一对姐妹的恋爱经历》；《傲慢与偏见》是她最著名的作品。在写作风格上，她倡导新古典主义，坚持理性、秩序、典雅的原则。奥斯汀的创作主题总与个人的生活及人际关系有关，正因如此，她的作品具有普遍的意义。

| Pride and Prejudice | (Theme)

A It was oringinally drafted as "First Impressions" in 1796, is the most delightful of Jane Austen's works The title tells of a major concern of the novel: pride and prejudice

| Questions |

What are Austen's writing features

Jane Austen is one of the realistic novelists Austen's work has a very narrow literary field Her novels show a wealth of humor, wit and delicate satire

Based on her writings discuss Jane Austen's greatest contribution to English literature

A Jane Austen is one of the most important Romantic novelists in English literature She creates six influential novels

B Her main literary concern is about human beings in their personal relationships She makes trivial daily life as important as the concerns about human belief, career and salient social event This is what makes her important in English literature

C Jane Austen has brought the English novel, as an art of form, to its maturity because of her sensitivity to universal patterns of human behavior and her accurate portrayal of human individuals

D She describe the world from a woman's point of view, and depicts a group of authentic and common women

Make comments on Austen's attitude towards the three kinds of motivations of marriage the middle class people had in the second of the 18th century (with specific examples from Pride and Prejudice )

A Motivation one: to pursue material interest through marriage;

B Motivation two: to seek sensual pleasure and beauty; Lydia and Mr,Bennet are examples of this kind

C Motivation three: to search for true love and also take personal merits and financial position into consideration; Elizabeth Bennet is a typical example of this kind

Austen celebrated the third kind of motivation of marriage while criticizing the first two wrong motivations

……

带思维导图版笔记在这里:  英美文学笔记

思维导图（MindMap，又称脑图、心智地图）是表达发散性思维的有效图形思维工具。

思维导图运用图文并重的技巧，把各级主题的关系用相互隶属与相关的层级图表现出来，把主题关键词与图像、颜色等建立记忆链接。

它充分运用左右脑的机能，协助人们在科学与艺术、逻辑与想象之间平衡发展，从而开启人类大脑的无限潜能。

思维导图是有效的思维模式，应用于记忆、学习、思考等的思维“地图”，有利于人脑的扩散思维的展开。

思维导图已经在全球范围得到广泛应用，新加坡教育部将思维导图列为小学必修科目，大量的500强企业也在学习思维导图，中国应用思维导图也有20多年时间了。