标志着英国浪漫主义开端的是哪部文学作品？

标志着英国浪漫主义开端是《抒情歌谣集》。

湖畔派三位诗人缅怀中世纪和宗法式的乡村生活，是浪漫主义文学中温婉清丽的代表。这些诗人对法国大革命抱着矛盾的态度，对资本主义的工业文明和城市文明表示厌恶，竭力讴歌的是宗法制的农村生活和大自然，喜欢描写神秘离奇的情景与异国风光。

华兹华斯是湖畔派诗人中成就最高者，他与“湖畔派”另一诗人柯勒律治共同出版《抒情歌谣集》，成为英国浪漫主义文学的奠基之作。诗集中收录的诗歌大部分为华兹华斯所做，而柯勒律治的名诗《古舟子咏》和《忽必烈汉》(《Kubla Khan》)亦收入其中，充满幻觉和奇谲的意象。

扩展资料：

18世纪末至19世纪30年代的欧洲，革命和战争频仍，动乱不已。政治中的黑暗，社会的不平等，使人们感到法国大革命后确立的资本主义制度远不如启蒙思想家描绘的那样美好。

社会各阶层，特别是知识分子，对启蒙思想家设想的“理性王国”深感失望，努力寻找新的精神寄托。这种社会情绪反映在文学创作领域，就产生了浪漫主义文学。

英国乃至世界的浪漫主义运动是与当时世界性的革命运动思潮息息相关的，特别是法国大革命，它对浪漫主义运动首先发生在欧洲负有直接责任，对英国浪漫主义运动的蓬勃开展更是产生了重大影响。追根溯源，浪漫主义作家在思想上深受德国唯心主义古典哲学的影响。

开始重视人的自由、自在和自为性，并开始重新去认识“自我”、审视“自我”，从而进一步追求“自我”价值的实现。正是由于对“自我”内心情感的抒发和追求，英国的浪漫主义作家才与欧洲各国的先驱们一起开始以作品为宣泄口。

追求强烈情感的自然流露，张扬个性解放，以锐不可当之势冲垮了理性统制长达100多年的文学大堤。

－英国浪漫主义文学

法国婚礼：浪漫 简单

结婚前先订婚，仪式简单，一般由女方的家长宴请男方的家长及兄弟姐妹，也可同时邀请其它亲戚、甚至一两名好友出席。婚礼也已逐渐简化，但仍不失为最隆重的家庭节日，带有庄严神圣的色彩……婚礼由市长或他的一名副手主持，习惯上是在周二、四、五、六早9时至下午5时之间。婚后大宴宾客。

英国婚礼：丰富多采

英格兰人的婚俗丰富多采，从求婚到度蜜月均按自已的传统方式进行。在英格兰北部约克市求婚方式颇为奇特，继承了古代民间遗风，女孩子成熟以后，需要出嫁了，便穿上不同颜色的紧身服饰，向男性示意。不同的颜色表示不同的意思，恰恰和交通信号灯一致。绿色的表示："来吧！我愿意恋爱，大胆地追求吧！"**表示："机遇是有的，如果合我的意还是有成功的机会。"红色表示："目前我还不想谈情说爱，不要追求我。"勇敢的小伙子会根据对方的服色，根据自已的选择去大胆地追求，决不会被扣上行为不端的帽子。

　　一旦双方确立了恋爱关系，男方要送给女方订婚戒指并举行仪式。这种习俗遍及整个英国。结婚或定婚戒指是许多民族的传统习俗，英格兰人在教堂里举行婚礼仪式时，新郎给新娘戴戒指是不可缺少的一项重要内容。人们甚至认为不戴戒指的婚姻是无效的。当神父询问一对新人是否愿意做对方的妻子或丈夫、能否相互尊重、白头偕老后，新郎给新娘的无名指上戴上一枚戒指。它象征着丈夫对妻子的纯真爱情，同时妻子也表示接受并忠实于这种爱情。

　　戴戒指的习俗可以追溯到古代埃及、中国，它不仅作为一种信物也是一种装饰品。婚姻戒指最初并不镶嵌钻石、翡翠以及红蓝宝石等饰物，纯洁的圆形象征着由婚姻联袂在一起的两个人的团圆。在一些民族中象征着一种魔力，保佑夫妇幸福长寿，同时，施予者表示对接受者的信任，接受者表示对施予者的忠诚。

　 金戒指象征爱情的纯真，银戒指意味情感温柔。英国人同西方各国一样，定婚戒指是金制的而不镶嵌任何宝石，结婚戒指应加装饰物，至于戒指的质量则根据个人的经济条件不同而不同。定婚、结婚戒指可戴在同一无名指上，也可以由结婚戒指取代定婚戒指。

　　英国在16世纪时，结婚戒指的内侧经常刻是家族的图案或箴言，诸如"上帝使我成为某某的妻子，"某位主教的妻子的戒指上刻上一只手、一颗心、一顶主教冠和一个骷髅，铭文是："前三个我赐予你，第四个使我超脱。"今天戒指上的铭文大多只刻上新郎和新娘名字的开头字母。

　　英国人结婚要穿礼服；新娘身着白衫、白裙、头戴白色花环，还要罩上长长的白纱，手持白色花束。总之，英国人崇尚白色，它象征爱情纯洁、吉祥如意。而戴头纱的习俗可以追溯到公元前10世纪，当时两河流域就已盛行女子戴头纱。在古希腊，举行结婚仪式时不仅新娘要戴亚麻或毛织品的头纱，而且一对新人都要戴上花冠。到了罗马时代，不同宗教信仰的人要戴不同颜色的头纱以示区别。中世纪以后，宫廷贵族之中出现了用珍珠装饰的花冠。尔后，发展成为白色头纱，并且尺码日益延长，并遍及欧洲各地。

　　一旦举行完婚，新郎新娘从教堂里出来的时候，人们要向新人祝贺，这种祝贺不是亲吻、拥抱和握手，而是向他们撒五彩缤纷的纸屑。撒纸屑的习俗起源于撒麦粒。1491年英国国王亨利七世携王后到布里斯托尔旅行。旅行途中，被一位面包师的妻子看到，于是她从窗子里向他们撒麦粒，并高呼："欢迎你们，陛下！祝你们幸福、长寿。"这成为一段佳话，到16世纪时，这一习俗已广为流传，人们向新郎、新娘撒麦粒，有时还染各种颜色。麦粒象征着丰收和生活富裕，同时也祝贺新婚夫妇幸福长寿，子孙满堂。

　　度蜜月也是英国各地青年结婚的重要内容之一。他们把积蓄下来的钱用于旅游，而结婚后去旅游便称作度蜜月。这原是古代的习俗，在新婚之时一定要饮用一种用蜂蜜特制的饮料，用来象征家庭美满、爱情甜蜜和生活幸福。而这种饮料从结婚开始要喝30天，因此就把新婚第一个月称作蜜月了。

　　在英国对于结婚纪念日十分重视，每年都要庆祝并有不同的称谓。第一年是纸婚，第二年是棉婚，第三年为皮革婚，第四年为毅婚，第五年称木婚，第六年称铁婚，第七年叫铜婚，第八年叫陶器婚，第九年为柳婚，第十年是锡婚，以后是钢婚、绕仁婚、花边婚、象牙婚、水晶婚。从第十五年以后，每五年各有一个称谓，依次为搪瓷婚、银婚（第二十五年是个大典）、珠婚、珊瑚婚、红宝石婚、蓝宝石婚、金婚（五十年是第二大典）、翡翠婚、钻石婚。这最后一个是第三大庆典，但很少有人能够庆祝这个庆典。

Paris: The City of Romance

The high Eiffel Tower, the colorful streets, the beautiful river Seine, the glorious palaces, the romantic people, the old history … Paris is a great place to all people in the world

As the capital of France, Paris is a modern city with a long and rich history So many events took place here and there are so many places for the visitors to have a trip

The Tower Eiffel, which is 320 meters high, is the symbol of Paris It was completed in 1889 for the centenary of the Revolution

The Arc de Triomphe was finished in 1836 It’s a world famous building, too

Old Notre-Dame attracts many foreign visitors since Victor Hugo wrote a novel named Notre-Dame de Paris

Mussee du Louvre is one of the most famous museums in the world

Enjoy yourselves in Disneyland Paris, the first Disneyland in Europe, boys and girls! Meet Mickey, fly with Dumbo and lost yourselves in wonderland

回答者：sharain - 魔法师 四级 6-19 20:16

Paris, the capital of France, lies on both banks of the Seine (塞纳河) Paris is small: it has a total area of 105 square kilometres (平方公里); but it is wonderful: Paris is a city with love, a great cuisine (烹饪), and famous architecture The city has fascinated (迷住) writers, poets, and painters Thomas Appleton (1812-84), a US author, once said, “Good Americans, when they die, go to Paris”

Known as the City of Light, Paris has been a major tourist destination for centuries The city is famous not only for the beauty of its architecture and avenues (街道), but also for its museums

Paris is divided into two parts: the Right Bank to the north and Left Bank to the south It is the heart of the French- speaking world

The Eiffel Tower is the most popular attraction in France and a landmark (标志性建筑) of the country

Two million people visited it the first year it was built, and almost 6 million people a year today

The Eiffel Tower was designed by the French engineer Alexandre Gustave Eiffel for the Paris Exposition (巴黎博览会) of 1889 People spent 2 years, 2 months and 5 days (1887 to 1889) building it It was the highest building in the world at that time

The Eiffel tower has been painted 17 times since it was built 50 tons of dark brown paint are needed to cover the tower every 7 years The names of the 72 French scientists are written on the sides of the tower

Around 400 people have fallen from the tower, mostly to kill themselves

The Arc of Triumph, is the largest triumphal (庆祝胜利的) arch (拱门) in the world

Napoleon Bonaparte (拿破仑) ordered people to build it to commemorate (纪念) his victory in 1806, but he was ousted (驱逐) before the arch was finished in I836 The Arc of Triumph is 50 meters high It can be seen from nearly every part of Paris

The Arc of Triumph is engraved (雕刻) with names of generals (将军) of French army during Napoleon's time

The Notre-Dame isn’t the largest cathedral (教堂) in the world, but it certainly is the most famous

French people started to build it in 1163 Almost 200 years later in 1345 the cathedral was finished: 130 meters long with two 69- meter-tall towers

During the French Revolution (法国大革命[1789-1799]), the cathedral was damaged (毁坏) During the 19th century it was restored (重修) by a famous architect It was restored again between 1991 and 2001

The site of the Notre-dame is the cradle (摇篮) of Paris and the religious (宗教的) center of the city

The Seine runs through the center of Paris, passing 10 of the 20 districts （区)

The river is 776 kilometers long, France’s second longest river

The Seine has always been the heart and soul of Paris The old buildings, the riverboats, the gardens, and the 32 bridges are one of the best natural scenes of the world

The oldest bridge was built in 1578 The newest one was finished in the summer of 1996

From the water, visitors can see the Cathedral of Notre-Dame, the Louvre (卢浮宫), and the Eiffel Tower The northern side of the river is called the Right Bank and the southern side the Left Bank The Banks were added to the UNESCO’s list of World Heritage Sites (联合国教科文组织的世界遗产名单) in 1991