It is called "hot dog", also called "water", is the vice-president of measles virus stick virus division of canine distemper virus causes many animals in the meat of an acute, hot, highly contagious diseases The disease clinically with hot, KaTaXing rhinitis, bronchitis and KaTaXing pneumonia, serious gastroenteritis and neurologic symptoms, a few sickness dog's nose and foot pad hyperkeratotic occurred Incidence, mortality is almost 100% 30% ~ 80%, known as "the devastating diseases That's the clermont Carre pathogenic viruses, so this is also called Carre creutzfeldt-jacob disease The disease throughout the world, our country distribution also happen from time to tome There are no cure of specific Because it is often hot disease caused by mixed infection and secondary infection, make the economic loss caused by the great animal breeding, to reduce the economic loss caused by the disease, should take preventive measures reported: your dog's distemper Early cure rate above 98% Typical symptoms after treatment rate is very low, increased mortality, thus to early treatment is especially important
Keywords: your dog's distemper, case analysis, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention and control measures
似疯狗一样乱咬乱吠
Bites and barks randomly like a mad dog
或
Bites and barks chaotically like a mad dog
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狗 拼 音 gǒu 部 首 犭 笔 画 8 五 行 木 五 笔 QTQK [狗]基本解释
哺乳动物,种类很多,听觉嗅觉都很敏锐,善于看守门户,有的可以训练成军犬、警犬 :走~。~彘(狗和猪)。~刨(páo )(一种游泳动作)。~盗(小偷)。~腿子。~仗人势。~尾续貂(喻拿粗劣的东西接到美好的东西后面,很不相称,常指文章)。
[狗]详细解释〈名〉
(形声。从犬句( gōu)声。本义:犬。原指小犬。后为狗犬的通称)
同本义
狗犬也。大者为犬小者为狗。——《说文》
艮为狗。——《易·说卦传》
故斗运狗三月而生也。——《春秋·考异邮》。注:“狗斗之精所生也。”
以狗御蛊。——《史记·秦本纪》
效犬者左牵之。——《礼记·曲礼上》。疏:“大者为犬小者为狗。”
悍吏之来吾乡…哗然而骇者虽鸡狗不得宁焉。——唐· 柳宗元《捕蛇者说》
有念“笑人齿缺曰狗窦大开”的。——《从百草园到三味书屋》
属于犬科(Canidae)的一种食肉类哺乳动物(Canis familiaris)自史前时期以来就被人类豢养无疑源自某种不知名的犬属(Canis)野兽可能就是普通狼由人工培养出来的品种之多超过任何其他兽类(在形状、大小、颜色、毛皮的长短和性质等各方面)。又如:狗犀(狗尸);狗矢(狗粪);狗屠(以屠杀狗为业者);狗窦(狗洞);狗彘(狗与猪。比喻行为卑劣的人)
古代特指未长毛的小狗崽
(犬)未成豪狗。——《尔雅》。郝懿行义疏:“狗大通名。若对文则大者名犬小者名狗…今亦通名犬为狗矣。”
貂不足 狗尾续。——《晋书》
比喻坏人
我要早知道这是个狼心狗肺的家伙当初哪会去管他是死是活
又如:狗心狗行(比喻坏心肠、恶劣行为);狗鼠(比喻品行卑劣的人)
十二生肖之一 。如:老大娘七十四了属狗的
〈形〉
詈词。该死的。表示极端蔑视 。如:狗汉奸;狗腿子;狗爪牙;狗才(狗材。骂人的话。狗东西);狗杀才(骂人的话。该杀的狗东西)
指事之失度或人之失意
嘲事之失度、人之失意也曰狗。——明· 顾起元《客座赘语》
〈动〉
谄媚奉承 。如:狗事(奉承巴结);这帮人专会狗着他
[狗]百科解释狗,(拉丁文:Canis lupus familiaris英文名称dog)中文亦称“犬”,狗属于食肉目,分布于世界各地。狗与马、牛、羊、猪、鸡并称“六畜”。有科学家认为狗是由早期人类从灰狼驯化而来,驯养时间在4万年前~15万年前,发展至今日。被称为“人类最忠实的朋友”,现如今是饲养率最高的宠物。其寿命约十多年。在中国文化中,狗属于十二生肖之一,在十二生肖中排名第11位。 更多→ 狗
[狗]英文翻译Dog
[狗]组词 猎狗 狗熊 黑狗 狼狗 鬣狗 海狗 热狗 狗屁 狗宝 狗獾 豺狗 疯狗 走狗 屠狗 更多狗组词 [狗]相关搜寻 狗咬狗 狗口里吐不出象牙 狗尾续貂 狗眼看人低 狗尾草 狗皮膏药 狗拿耗子 狗子 狗什么续貂的成语
英汉语言对比
英汉词汇现象对比
1 词的意义方面
此本无义,具体的语境以及使用赋予了词的意义。“此本无义,义随心生。”
词汇的意义不是静止不变的,而是随着社会的发展而不断发展的。
如:bird: 鸟---人,姑娘(口语)--- 飞机,航天器等
sail: 帆---前听指挥塔---飘飘然的感觉
英汉词义的内涵与外延异同
英汉词汇的发展都有着从基本意义向外延伸,扩展的现象。词义的内涵是指英语和汉语两种语言的词汇内在的特征,特点和规律。试译:
1 His home is in London
2 He has a comfortable home
语义是词的最小单位,是构成词的意义的要素。确定词的语义特征,可用类比的方法。以 “我”和亲属的关系为例:
Directly related Indirectly related Older generation Male Female
Aunt × √ √ × √
Uncle × √ √ √ ×
Father √ × √ √ ×
Mother √ × √ × √
Bachelor 的语义要素可分为:human, male, adult, individual, unmarried
He is a happy bachelor 他是个快乐的单身汉。
由上分析可以得出,翻译时首先要判断词的语义特征,以确定该词的内涵意义。还应注意译文的选词要根据语句整体信息的要求而定。试译:
the power of the government
to exceed one’s power
all the power of his muscle
water power
a power in the community
to use one’s head,
the head of state,
the head of a delegation,
the head of the river,
the head of a paper,
翻译一下句子:
1 Drawing board, chess board, darts board, notice board
2 Our company has 3 women on its board of directors
3 The Transportation Department has decided to set up a six-man board of inquiry for the wreck
4 He has been on the boards all his life
5 He took on the job which gave him full board and 30 dollars a week
英汉词义范围的比较
1 大与小
每个词所表达的概念的外延各有广度,或称大与小。英语词“A” 可与汉语词“甲”有四种可能关系:A=甲,A>甲
A<甲,A≈甲
1) A=甲
如:Marxism 马克思主义 carbon dioxide 二氧化碳
The Pacific Ocean 太平洋
2) A>甲
如:president >总统, cousin >表兄弟, straight >笔直
上面三例中,英语的外延意义要比汉语词宽广,以straight 为例:
Put your room straight,
He is a straight thinker,
The accounts are straight,
She keeps straight,
To give a straight answer,
To vote the straight ticket
3) A<甲
如:ten thousand <万, 汉语中的“万” 的外延要比英语中的“ten thousand” 宽广。
万般 all the different kinds
万全之策 a completely safe plan
万无一失 no danger of anything going wrong
万代千秋 through unnumbered ages
万紫千红 flowers of all sorts blooming in a riot of color
4) A≈甲
英汉的词的意义互大互小的情况最为普遍。如 “state”与“国”在意义上有重合的部分,但state 还有“州”和“状态”的意义,为汉语所没有;而汉语中“国家”也不能全由英语的state 表示。如:
State Council 国务院(中) State Department 国务院(美)
Secretary of State 国务卿 state capitalism国家资本主义
Police state 警察国家to lie in state停放以供瞻仰
How many states are there in USA
state of war战争状态
超级大国 super-powers
发展中国家 developing powers
世界各国the nations of the world
国色 a great beauty
2 褒与贬
语言有褒贬之分,褒贬常取决于上下文。试比较下列各句的黑体部分:
1) Thanks to the help from my classmates, I survived
多亏了同学们的帮助,我才得以生还。
In the Far East, thanks to the Japanese fascists, there also arose the first seat of war
由于日本法西斯分子的存在, 远东也形成了第一个战争策源地。
2) In my eyes, he was a mad dog
在我看来,他就是一条疯狗。
All China seems to have gone mad with joy for the return of Hong Kong
全中国人民欣喜若狂,庆祝香港回归。
3) Cleverness may overreach itself
聪明反被聪明误。
A life time of cleverness can be interrupted by moments of stupidity
聪明一世,糊涂一时。
3 轻与重
轻重就是用词的分量。此时,只是轻重之分,而无是非之分。
以下三句译文中的黑体字显然要比括号中的译文轻:
My military career had been inglorious
我的军旅生涯不足称道(不光彩的)
Every president, I’m sure, leaves the White House poorer than he was when he went in
我相信,每一位总统在离开白宫时,他的财产不如他进白宫时候多(比她刚进白宫时候穷)
以下两句译文中的黑体字显然要比括号中的重:
I have no opinion of that sort of men
对那种人我一点好感都没有(看法、意见)
The photo flattered her
照片使她大为增色(比她本人漂亮)
第三章 词义的选择
词义的选择取决于正确分析和理解词的意义。正确分析和理解词的意义的关键是不能离开其语境。
31 语境决定词的确切含义
我们知道词有字典含义, 如case, 词典含义就是盒子,情形,场合,容器,(语法)格,等等。怎样才能确定其具体意义呢?请译下列各句:
(1)
Is that the case No, that’s not the case
He took a case full of clothes with him
Bring a raincoat in case it rains
事实是那样吗? 不,事实并非如此。
他把一个装满衣服的箱子带在身边。
带上雨衣以防下雨。
(2)
This is a case of fever
There are three cases of fever in school
The doctor examined his case
以上三例均为医疗卫生领域,意思由“情况”,“事”延伸为“病例,病症,病人”等。故应译为:
这是一个发热病例。
学校有三个发烧病人。
医生检查了他的病情。
In this case I am acting for Mr Smith
The case against Mr White is said to be heard tomorrow
The case was settled out of court
我在这次诉讼中代表史密斯先生。
据说怀特先生被起诉一案定于明天开庭。
这案件在庭外解决。
32 词义的选择
英汉两种语言都有一词多义的现象。英译汉过程中,我们在弄清原句结构后就要善于选择和确定原句中关键词的意义。
(1)根据词在句中的词类来选择和确定词义。
选择某个词义,要先辨明此类,再确定词义。如:在Like charges repel; unlike charges attract一句中, like用作形容词,意为“相同的”。因此译为:同种电荷相互排斥,异种电荷相互吸引。试译以下各句
He likes mathematics more than physics
In the sunbeam passing through the window there are fine grains of dust shinning like gold
Like knows like
他喜欢数学甚于喜欢物理学。(动词)
在射入窗内的阳光里,细微的尘埃像金子一般在闪闪发光。(前置词)
英雄识英雄。(英雄所见略同)(名词)
(2) 根据上下文联系以及词在句中的搭配关系来选择和确定词义。
英语中的同一个词,同一词类,在不同场合往往有不同的含义,必须根据上下文的联系以及词的搭配或句型来判断和确定某个词在特殊场合下所应具有的词义。如“last”这一形容词:
1) He is the last man to come 他是最后来的。
2) He is the last man to do it 他绝不会干那件事。
3) He is the last person for such a job 他最不配干着个工作。
4) He should be the last to blame 怎么也不能怪他。
5) He is the last man to consult 根本不宜找他商量。
6) This is the last place where I Expected to meet you
我怎么也没料到会在这个地方见你。
Exercise:
1 To take off her boots or to put them on was an agony to her, but it had been an agony for years
1 脱鞋或穿鞋对她是一种痛苦,但这种痛苦已是多年以来的痛苦了。
2 An area the size of the Hornet’s fight deck was marked off on an airstrip and they practiced taking off time after time from this restricted space
2 在机场上标出了与大黄蜂号甲板一样大小的一块地方,他们(机组人员)一次又一次地练习从这样一块有限的面积上起飞。
3 He always sits on the very edge of his chair when he is working as though about to take off
3 他工作的时候,总是坐在椅子边上,好像随时都会跳起身来的样子。
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