人体各个部分肌肉的英文

斜方肌：Trapezius 

三角肌：Deltoids

肱二头肌：Biceps 

肱三头肌：Triceps

肱桡肌：Brachioradialis  

胸大肌：Pectoralis Major

背阔肌：Latissimus Dorsi  

菱形肌：Rhomboids

前锯肌：Serratus Anterior 

腹直肌：Rectus Abdominus

腹斜肌：Obliques 

腹横肌：Tranverse Abdominus

竖脊肌：Erector Spinae 

髂腰肌：Iliopsoas

臀肌：Gluteals  

股后肌群：Hamstrings

股四头肌：Quadriceps  

阔筋膜张肌：Tensor Fascia Latae

内收肌群：Adductors 

胫骨前肌：Anterior Tibialis

腓肠肌：Gastrocnemius 

比目鱼肌：Soleus

提肩胛肌：Levator Scapulae 

胸小肌：Pectoralis Minor

锁骨下肌：Subcavius  

喙肱肌：Coracobrachialis

大圆肌：Teres Major  

肩胛下肌：Supraspinatus

小圆肌：Teres Minor 

棘下肌：Infraspinatus

棘上肌：Subscapularis 

肘肌： Anconeus

肱肌：Brachialis  

旋外肌：Supinator

旋前圆肌：Pronator Teres 

颈长肌：Longus Colli

头长肌：Logus Capitis

头直前肌：Rectus Capitis Lateralis

扩展资料：

肌肉的构造为：

肌肉→肌束→肌纤维（肌细胞）→肌原纤维→肌节（肌动蛋白、肌球蛋白）。

每根肌纤维是由较小的肌原纤维组成的。每根肌原纤维，则由缠在一起的两种丝状蛋白质(肌凝蛋白和肌动蛋白)组成。

这就是肌肉的最基本单位，那些大力士们的大块大块的肌肉，全是由这两种小得根本无法想像的蛋白组合成的，当它们联合起来以后，就能做出惊天动地的动作来。人就是靠这些肌肉一点一点地改变了地球的面貌。

肌肉的分类:

健身者通过锻炼增加肌肉力量时，锻炼的就是骨骼肌。

骨骼肌附着在骨骼上且成对出现：一块肌肉朝一个方向移动骨头，另外一块朝相反方向移动骨头。

这些肌肉通常随意志收缩，意味着想要收缩它们时，神经系统会指示它们这样做。骨骼肌可以做短暂单次收缩（颤搐）或长期持续收缩（破伤风）。

红、白肌纤维

人体的骨骼肌可以分为红肌和白肌两种纤维。红肌纤维依靠血红蛋白持续供氧运动，进行较长时间的收缩和拉伸，从而使我们进行日常行为活动。而白肌纤维则（多在紧急情况下）依靠内部快速化学反应迅速伸缩，其特点是持续、反应时间短，其反应时间是红肌纤维的四分之一。

平滑肌

存在于消化系统、血管、膀胱、呼吸道和女性的子宫中。平滑肌能够长时间拉紧和维持张力。这种肌肉不随意志收缩，意味着神经系统会自动控制它们，而无需人去考虑。例如，胃和肠中的肌肉每天都在执行任务，但人们一般都不会察觉到。

心肌

只存在于心脏，它最大的特征是耐力和坚固。它可以像平滑肌那样有限地伸展，也可以用像骨骼肌那样的力量来收缩。它只是一种颤搐肌肉并且不随意志收缩。心肌有固定的收缩规律从而产生心跳。正常人的起搏细胞正常，心肌收缩规律一定，起搏细胞出现异常，心肌收缩规律会发生改变。

参考资料来源:：肌肉

总论[Introduction]

•superior[上]

•inferior[下]

•Cranial[头侧]

•Caudal[尾侧]

•anterior[前]

•posterior[后]

•ventral[腹侧]

•dorsal[背侧]

•medial[内侧]

•lateral[外侧]

•internal[内]

•external[外]

•superficial[浅]

•profundal[深]

•proximal[近侧]

•distal[远侧]

•ulnar[尺侧]

•radial[桡侧]

•tibial[胫侧]

•fibular[腓侧]

2、运动系统[locomotor (kinetic) system]

•vertebrae[椎骨]

•cervical vevtebrae[颈椎]

•thoracic vertebrae[胸椎]

•lumbar vertebrae[腰椎]

•sacrum[骶骨]

•sternum[胸骨]

•rib[肋骨]

•thoracic cage[胸廓]

•skull[颅]

•frontal bone[额骨]

•parietal bone[顶骨]

•occipital bone[枕骨]

•temporal bone[颞骨]

•sphenoid bone[蝶骨]

•ethmoid bone[筛骨]

•mandible (submaxilla)[下颌骨]

•maxilla (supermaxilla)[上颌骨]

•nasal bone[鼻骨]

•coronal (sagital, lambdoid) suture [冠状（矢状，人字）缝]

•orbit[眶]

•clavicle[锁骨]

•scapula (shoulder blade)[肩胛骨]

•sternum (breast bone)[胸骨]

•manubrium sterni (presternum)[胸骨柄]

•midsternum[胸骨体]

•xiphoid[剑突]

•humerus[肱骨]

•radius[桡骨]

•ulna[尺骨]

•carpal bone[腕骨]

•metacarpal bone [掌骨]

•phalanges[指(趾)骨]

•hip bone[髋骨]

•ilium[髂骨]

•ischium [坐骨]

•pubis[耻骨]

•femur [股骨]

•patella[髌骨]

•tibia[胫骨]

•fibula [腓骨]

•articulation[关节]

•ligament[韧带]

•flexion[屈]

•extension[伸]

•adduction[收]

•abduction[展]

•medial rotation[旋内]

•lateral rotation[旋外]

•pronation[旋前]

•supination[旋后]

•circumductoin[环转]

•vertebral column[脊柱]

•intervertebral disc[椎间盘]

•temporal-mandibular joint[颞下颌关节]

•shoulder joint[肩关节]

•elbow joint[肘关节]

•radiocarpal joint[肩关节]

•radiocarpal joint[桡腕关节]

•pelvis[骨盆]

•hip joint[髋关节]

•knee joint[膝关节]

•ankle joint[踝关节]

•muscle [肌肉]

•tendon[肌腱]

•fascia[筋膜]

•tendinous sheath[腱鞘]

•trapezius[斜方肌]

•latissimus dorsi[背阔肌]

•sternocleidomastoid[胸锁乳突的]

•scalenus [斜角肌]

•pectoralis major[胸大肌]

•intercostales[肋间肌]

•diaphragm[膈肌]

•inguinal canal[腹股沟管]

•masseter[咬肌]

•temporalis[颞肌]

•deltoid[三角肌]

•biceps brachii[肱二头肌]

•triceps brachii[肱三头肌]

•axillary fossa [腑窝]

•gluteus maximus[臀大肌]

•piriformis[梨状肌]

•sartorius[缝匠肌]

•quadriceps femoris[股四头肌]

•triceps surae[小腿三头肌]

•femoral triangle[股三角]

3、内脏[Viscera]

•viscera[内脏]

•oral cavity[口腔]

•lip[唇]

•cheek[颊]

•palate[腭]

•tooth[牙]

•dentes[牙]

•tongue[舌]

•parotid gland[腮腺]

•pharynx[咽]

•esophagus[食管]

•stomach gaster[胃]

•duodenum[十二指肠]

•jejunum[空肠]

•ileum [回肠]

•large intestine[大肠]

•caecum[盲肠]

•vermiform (appendix)[阑尾]

•colon[结肠]

•rectum[直肠]

•anal canal[肛管]

•dentate line[齿状线]

•anus[肛门]

•liver (hepar)[肝]

•porta hepatis[肝门]

•gallblader[胆囊]

•pancreas[胰]

•nose[鼻]

•nasal cavity[鼻腔]

•paranasal sinus[鼻旁窦]

•larynx[喉]

•laryngeal cavity[喉腔]

•vocal cord[声带]

•trachea[气管]

•bronchi[支气管]

•lung [肺]

•pulmonary[肺的]

•pleura[胸膜]

•mediastinum[纵隔]

•kidney[肾]

•renal pilvis[肾盂]

•ureter[输尿管]

•urinary bladder[膀胱]

•urethra[尿道]

•testis[睾丸]

•epididymis[附睾]

•ductus deferens[输精管]

•spermatic cord[精索]

•prostate[前列腺]

•scrotum[阴囊]

•penis[阴茎]

•ovary[卵巢]

•uterine tube[输卵管]

•uterus[子宫]

•vagina[阴道]

•clitoris[阴蒂]

•mamma (breast)[乳房]

•mammary papilla (nipple)[乳头]

•perineum[会阴]

•pelvic diaphragm[盆膈]

•peritoneum[腹膜]

•omentum[网膜]

4、心血管系统[Cardiovascular system]

•heart[心]

•artery[动脉]

•vein[静脉]

•capillary[毛细血管]

•atrium[心房]

•ventricle[心室]

•tricuspid valve[三尖瓣]

•bicuspid valve[二尖瓣]

•aortic valve[主动脉瓣]

•pulmonary valve[肺动脉瓣]

•sinuatrial node[窦房结]

•atrioventricular node[房室结]

•atrioventricular bundle[房室束]

•right/left bundle branch[右/左束支]

•coronary artery[冠状动脉]

•coronary sinus[冠状窦]

•pericardium[心包]

•aorta[主动脉]

•innominate artery[无名动脉(头臂干)]

•common carotid artery[颈总动脉]

•carotid sinus [颈动脉窦]

•internal(external) carotid artery[颈内(外)动脉]

•facial artery[面动脉]

•subclavian artery[锁骨下动脉]

•mesenteric artery[肠系膜动脉]

•common iliac artery[髂总动脉]

•popliteal artery [腘动脉]

•vena cava [腔静脉]

•internal jugular vein[颈内静脉]

•cephalic vein[头静脉]

•basilic vein[贵要静脉]

•saphenous vein[隐静脉]

•lymphatic duct[淋巴导管]

•thoracic duct[胸导管]

•lymph node[淋巴结]

•spleen[脾]

•thymus[胸腺]

5、感觉器[sense organs]

•sensory organ[感觉器]

•receptor[感受器]

•visual organ[视器]

•eyeball [眼球]

•cornea[角膜]

•sclera[巩膜]

•choroid [脉络膜]

•ciliary body[睫状体]

•iris[虹膜]

•retina[视网膜]

•optic disc[视神经盘]

•macula lutea[黄斑]

•aqueous humor[房水]

•lens[晶状体]

•vitreous body[玻璃体]

•eyelid [眼睑]

•conjunctiva[结膜]

•lacrimal gland[泪腺]

•vestibulocochlear organ[前庭蜗器]

•ear( auris) [耳]

•auricle[耳廓]

•acoustic meatus[耳道]

•tympanic cavity[鼓室]

•tympanic membrane[鼓膜]

•pharyngotympanic tube [咽鼓管]

•bony(membranous) labyrinth[骨(膜)迷路]

•vestibule [前庭]

•semicircular canal[半规管]

•cochlea[耳蜗]

•cochlear duct[蜗管]

•olfactory organ[嗅器]

•gustatory organ[味器]

•taste bud[味蕾]

•skin[皮肤]

6、神经系统[Nervous system]

•central nervous system[中枢神经系统]

•peripheral nervous system[周围神经系统]

•visceral nerve[内脏神经]

•afferent nerve[传入神经]

•efferent nerve[传出神经]

•neuron[神经元]

•axon [轴突]

•dendrite[树突]

•glia [神经胶质]

•gray matter [灰质]

•white matter[白质]

•cortex[皮质]

•madulla[髓质]

•nucleus[神经质]

•ganglion[神经节]

•fasciculus[神经束]

•nerve[神经]

•spinal nerve[脊神经]

•cervical plexus[颈丛]

•brachial plexus[臂丛]

•lumbar plexus[腰丛]

•sacral plexus [骶丛]

•phrenic nerve[膈神经]

•median nerve[正中神经]

•ulnar nerve[尺神经]

•radial nerve[桡神经]

•femoral nerve[股神经]

•ischiatic nerve[坐骨神经]

•common peroneal nerve[腓总神经]

•cranial nerve[颅(脑)神经]

•olfactory nerve[嗅神经]

•optic nerve[视神经]

•oculomotor nerve[动眼神经]

•trochlear nerve[滑车神经]

•trigeminal verve[三叉神经]

•abducent nerve[展神经]

•facial nerve[面神经]

•vestibulocochlear nerve[前庭蜗神经]

•glossopharyngeal nerve[舌咽神经]

•vagus nerve[迷走神经]

•accessary nerve[副神经]

•hypoglossal nerve[舌下神经]

•autonomic nervous system[自主神经]

•vegetative nervous system[植物神经]

•sympathetic nerve[交感神经]

•parasympathetic nerve[副交感神经]

•spinal cord[脊髓]

•encephalon (brain)[脑]

•brain stem[脑干]

•medulla oblongata[延髓]

•pons [脑桥]

•mesencephalon[中脑]

•midbrain[中脑]

•cerebellum[小脑]

•diencephalon[间脑]

•thalamus[丘脑]

•hypothalamus[下丘脑]

•hypophysis[垂体]

•telencephalon[端脑]

•cerebrum[大脑]

•cerebral cortex[大脑皮质]

•corpus striatum[纹状体]

•internal capsule[内囊]

•spinothalamic tract[皮质脊髓束]

•medial lemniscus[内侧丘系]

•lateral lemniscus[外侧丘系]

•spinal lemniscus[脊髓丘系]

•trigeminal lemniscus[三叉丘系]

7、体表标记[Anatomic marks]

•naso-labial groove[鼻唇沟]

•suprasternal fossa[胸骨上窝]

•supraclavicular fossa[锁骨上窝]

•infraclavicular fossa[锁骨下窝]

•armpit (axillary fossa)[腋窝]

•midsternal (midian) line[胸骨中线（正中线）]

•anterior midian line[前正中线]

•parasternal line[胸骨旁线]

•midclavicular line[锁骨中线]

•mammillary (nipple, milk) line[乳线]

•posterior (mid-, anterior) axillary line[腋后（中，前）线]

•scapular line[肩胛线]

•midspinal line[脊柱中线]

•dorsomedian line[后正中线]

•linea paravertebralis [脊椎旁线]

•the left (right) upper abdomen (quadrant)[左（右）上腹]

•epigastrium[上腹部]

•the middle abdomen[中腹部]

•the lower abdomen[下腹部]

•linea pararectalis[腹直肌旁线]

•anterior superior spine[髂前上棘]

•symphysis pubis (symphysion)[耻骨联合]

•ischial tuberosity[坐骨结节]

•groin (inguen)[腹股沟]

•popliteal fossa[腘窝]

•upper extremity(limb)[上肢]

•lower extremity(limb)[下肢]

•posterior superior spine[髂后上嵴]

•anterior (dorsal) part of chest(前（后）胸部)

•scapular region[肩胛区]

•anterior (posterior) fontanelle[前（后）囱]