我给你分为三个部分 第一部分是重点词组 第二部分是重点巨型 第三部分是重点语法 希望对你有所帮助
重点句型
1.“So + be/have/助动词/情态动词+主词”的结构。此结构中的语序是倒装的,“So”代替上句中的某个成分。如果上面一句是否定句,则使用“Neither/Nor+be/have/助动词/情态动词+主语”的结构。
例如 He’s tired,and so am I.(=I’ m also tired.)
You can swim,and so can I.(=I can also swim.)
She has had supper,and so can I.(=I’ve had lunch,too.)
Tom speaks English,and so does his sister.(=His sister speaks English,too.)
A: I went to the park yesterday.
B: So did I.(=I also went to the park yesterday.)
2.“So +主语+be/have/助动词/情态动词”结构中的主谓是正常语序,so相当于indeed,certainly,表示说话人对前面或对方所说情况的肯定、赞同或证实,语气较强,意思是“确实如此”。
例如 A:It was cold yesterday.昨天很冷。B:So it was.的确如此。(=Yes,it was.)
A:You seem to like sports.B:So I do.(=Yes,I do.)
A:It will be fine tomorrow.B:So it will.(=Yes ,it will.)
3.“主语+do/does/did + so”结构指的是按上句的要求做了。此句型中do so代替上文中要求做的事,以免重复。
My Chinese teacher told me to hand in my composition on time and I did so(=I handed in
my composition on time) 语文老师叫我按时交作文, 我照办了。
4.So it is with…或 It is the same with…句型表示 “……(的情况)也是如此。”当前面的句子中有几种不同形式的谓语时,要表示相同情况,必须使用本句型,不能使用so 引起的倒装句。
She doesn’t play the piano, but she likes singing So it is with my sister
5、There you are 行了,好。
这是一句表示一种事情告一段落或有了最终结果的用语。如:
There you are! Then let's have some coffee除此之外,还可以表示“瞧,对吧(果然如此)”的语气。例如:There you are! I knew we should find it at last对吧!我就知道我们最终能找到的。
6、have some difficulty (in) doing sth
干某事有困难;接名词时,常用句型:have some difficulty with sth
①Do you have any difficulty (in) understanding English你理解英语口语有困难吗?
②She said she had some difficulty with pronunciation她说她在发音方面有困难。
7、have a good knowledge of sth
“掌握……”,“对……有某种程度的了解”
①He has a good knowledge of London他对伦敦有所了解。
②A good knowledge of languages is always useful
8、Tree after tree went own, cut down by the water, which must have been three metres deep
一棵又一棵的树被水冲倒、冲断。那水肯定有三米深。
“must have + 过去分词”表示对已发生事情的猜测。在英语中,must,may,can三个情态动词可用来表示对事情的猜测。Must意为“肯定”,语气很有把握;may意为“可能”、“也许”,语气把握性不大。两者常用在肯定句中。Can意为“肯定”、“也许”,常用在否定句或疑问句中。Must,may,can三者用于表示猜测时,其后面可跟三种不同的动词形式:1)跟动词原形表示对现在事情的猜测;
2)跟be doing表示对正在发生事情的猜测;3)跟have done表示对已经发生的事情的猜测。例如:
Helen is Lucy’s good friend She must know Lucy’s e-mail海伦是露茜的好朋友。她肯定知道露茜的电子邮件。
We can hear loud voices in the meeting room They must be quarrelling我们可以听到会议
室很吵。他们肯定在吵架。
I met Jeff at the gate a moment ago He can’t have gone to Australia我刚才还在大门口见
过杰夫。他不可能去了澳大利亚。
9、Wei Bin took out some peanuts and it was fun to see the monkey eat from his hand魏彬拿出一些花生。看着猴子从他手上吃花生,很有趣。
fun “好玩,趣事”,不可数名词,前面不加不定冠词a。
You’re sure to have some fun at the party tonight 今天晚上你肯定会玩得很开心。
make fun of“取笑”,“嘲弄”。People make fun of him only because he is wearing such a
strange jacket人们嘲笑他只是因为他穿了一件那么奇怪的衣服。
funny adj “可笑的,滑稽的”。He looks very funny in his father’s jacket他穿着他父亲
的衣服,看上去很滑稽。
10、Many people who saw the film were afraid to swim in the sea……
许多看过这部**的人都不敢在海里游。
afraid 用法说明:1)害怕人/ 物,如:be afraid of sb / sth
2)不敢做某事,如:be afraid to do sth / of doing sth
He is afraid to go out / of going out alone at night
3) 担心会发生某事, 如: be afraid of doing sth或be afraid + that clause
He seldom stands on the river bank because he is afraid of falling into the river
He seldom stands on the river bank because he is afraid that he might fall into theriver
4) 给人不愉快的信息或不赞同某人意见时, 用I’m afraid …, 如:
I’m afraid I’ve got bad news for youI’m afraid I can’t agree with you
11、It is polite to finish eating everything on your plate把你盘子里所有东西吃完是有礼貌的。
这是一个动词不定式作主语的句型,其中to finish eating everything 是主语,it是形式主语。
12、I wish you all the best我祝你万事如意
用wish来表示祝愿的结构是wish sb sth, 此外我们还可以用may来表示祝愿: May sb do sth如:
May you succeed
13、Where there is a river, there is a city 有河流的地方就有城市。
Where在这里引导的是地点状语从句,相当于介词in/ at/ to + the place + where从句9定语从句),意思是“在……地方”。 例如:
Where there is smoke, there is fire无风不起浪;事出有因。
He lives where the climate is mild他住在气候温暖的地方。
14、Strong, proud, and united, the people of St Petersburg are the modern heroes of Russia
圣彼得堡人民坚强不屈、充满自豪、团结一致,他们是俄罗斯当代的英雄。
Strong, proud, and united为前置定语,在这里相当于一个非限制性定语从句:
The people of St Petersburg , who are strong, proud, and united, are the modern heroes
of Russia 当主语比较短时,这类短语常常放在句首。
15 Congratulations!是一句祝贺用语,在使用时要用复数形式。其他几个通常以复数形式出现表达特定含义的名词有:
manners(礼貌):He is a little boy with good manners这个小男孩很有礼貌。
regards (问候):Please send my regards to your parents请代我问候你父母。
16 Every four years athletes from all over the world take part in the Olympic Games
没四年,世界各地的运动员们都要参加奥运会。
“every + 基数词 + 时间/ 距离单位”词表示“每多少时间/ 距离”。如:
every five days(每五天), every three hours(每三小时), every ten metres(每十公尺)
类似表达形式还有:every fifth day, every third hour
“每隔一天”的表达形式有:every second day, every two days, every other day
17、Modern cellphones are more than just phones—they are used as cameras and radios, and
to send e-mail or surf the Internet现代的手机不仅仅是电话机—它们也当坐照相机和收音机使用,还可以发送电子邮件和上网。
use A as B 把A用作B。例如:
In ancient times, people used stones as tools for farming在古代,人们把石头用作耕作的工具。
use sth to do sth用某物来做某事。例如:
In ancient times, people used stones to kill animals for food在古代,人们用石头来捕杀动物获取食物。
18、The answer seems to be that we have a need to stay in touch with friends and family no
matter where we are or what we are doing答案似乎是:无论我们在何处或正在做什么,我们都需要和朋友以及家人一直保持联系。
1) seem 似乎,好像,其用法及搭配有:seem + adj, 如:
This problem seems complicated, but actually it is simple这个问题看似复杂,其实很简单。
seem to do : I seem to have seen him somewhere before我好像以前在哪儿见过他。
It seems that…,; It seems that everything is going on well好像一切正常。
It seems as if…,: It seems as if it’s going to rain看来快要下雨了。
2) no matter无论,不管,后面常跟疑问词引导的从句,其意相当于疑问词后加ever。如 no matter what=whatever; no matter where=wherever; no matter how=however; no matter when=whenever例如:
No matter when (Whenever) I meet him, he is always wearing that old hat
不管我什么时候遇见他,他总是戴着那顶旧礼帽。
No matter how (However) expensive the cellphone is, I’ll buy it because I need one badly
无论这手机有多贵,我都要买。因为我急需有个手机。
重点语法:
直接引语和间接引语
1 直接引语在改为间接引语时,时态需要做相应的调整。
eg: “I broke your CD player” (一般过去时改成过去完成时)He told me he had broken my CD player
Jenny said, “I have lost a book”(现在完成时改成过去完成时)Jenny said she had lost a book
Mum said, “I’ll go to see a friend”(一般将来时改成过去将来时)Mum said she would go to see a friend
过去完成时保留原有的时态
He said, “We hadn’t finished our homework” He said they hadn’t finished their homework
注意 直接引语是客观真理,过去进行时,时态不变。
2. 在直接引语变间接引语时,如果从句中的主语时第一人称或被第一人称所修饰,从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化。如:
Mary said, “My brother is an engineer”=Mary said her brother was and engineer
3. 直接引语如果是反意疑问句,选择疑问句或一般疑问句,间接引语应改为由whether或if引导的宾语从句。如:
He said, “Can you run, Mike”=He asked Mike whether/if he could run
4 直接引语如果是祈使句,间接引语应改为“tell(ask, order, beg等) sb (not) to do sth”句型。如:
“Pass me the water, please”said he。=He asked him to pass her the water
5 直接引语如果是以“Let’s”开头的祈使句,变为间接引语时,通常用“suggest+动名词或从句”的结构。如:
She said, “Let’s go to the cinema”=She suggested going to the cinema
或She suggested that they should go to the cinema
现在进行时表将来的动作
现在进行时表将来的动作,谓语通常为瞬间动词。如:come, go, arrive, leave, start, return, stay, meet, get等。这些动词的进行时后不能再接具体的时间。
(1)用现在进行时表示将来,指的是近期的,按计划或安排要发生的动作。
(2)现在进行时表示将来与表示正在进行的动作的区别在于:前者通常用瞬间动词(有时一些常用动词也可以这样用如:do)如:go, come, start, return, get, arrive等。而后者通常是持续性动词。
He is reading a novel
他在看小说。
The train is arriving soon
火车就要进站了。
(3)用现在进行时表示将来的时间,在句中或上下文中通常有表示将来时间的状语。
(4)现在进行时与一般现在时表示将来动作的区别在于:前者表示的将来的动作往往是可以改变的,而后者则是根据规定或时间表预计要发生的动作或事情,因此往往是不可改变或不可随便改变的。
What are you doing next Friday
下星期五你们打算干什么?
The plane takes off at 7:30 tonight
飞机今晚七点半起飞。
定语从句 (the Attributive Clause)
1 描述特定时间的特征 ---- 由when或介词+which引导定语从句:
This was the moment when / at which Spielberg’s career really took off
2 描述特定地点的特征 ---- 由where或介词+which引导定语从句:
Chuck survives the air crash and lands on a deserted island where / on which there are no people
3 描述特定原因或理由的内容 ---- 由why或介词+which引导定语从句:
The reason why / for which Steven Spielberg could not go to the Film Academy was that his grades were too low
限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别
定语从句分限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句,归纳起来,二者有以下几点不同:
一、作用不同
限制性定语从句与先行词的关系非常密切,是先行词不可缺少的定语,它所修饰的词代表一个(些)或一类特定的人或物 如果删去,全句的意思就会变得不明确。而非限制性定语从句在意义上是先行词的一个附加修饰语,对先行词只起进一步补充说明的作用;若把它去掉,全句意思仍然清楚。例如:
The girl who stood in the corner just now is my younger sister.
刚才站在角落里的那个姑娘是我的妹妹。
Mary Smith,who is in the corner, wants to meet you.
玛丽·史密斯在那个角落里,她想见你。
第一个例句中的定语从句指明作为主语的“姑娘”不是任何一个,而是在角落的那个。如果去掉定语从句,表达的意思就不明确。第二个例句已经表明主语是谁,定语从句只不过是补充说明一点情况而已。若去掉从句,句子意思仍然完整。
二、形式不同
非限制性定语从句与先行词之间通常有逗号 而限制性定语从句与先行词之间则无逗号。例如:
He’s the man who lives next door.
他就是住在隔壁的那个人。(从句不可少,从句前无逗号。)
His wife,whom you met at my house,is a teacher.
他的妻子是一位老师,你在我家曾见过她。(从句可有可无,从句前有逗号。)
三、含义不同
限制性定语从句有涉他性;非限制性定语从句有唯一性。例如:
In the class there are ten students who speak English very well.
这个班上有十名英语说得好的学生。(暗示班上不只是十个学生。)
In the class there are ten students,who speak English very well.
这个班上有十名学生,他们英语说得很好。
(非限制性定语从句,表明班上只有十个学生。)
四、 译法不同
在把限制性定语从句译成汉语时,通常在从句的末尾加“的”字,放在它所修饰名词的前边。而在把非限制性定语从句译成汉语时,一般译成一个单独的句子。请看下面例句:
The film that we saw yesterday was very interesting.
我们昨天看的**非常有趣。
Beijing,which is the capital of China,is a very beautiful city.
北京是中国的首都,它是一座非常美丽的城市。
限定性定语从句
1、定义:在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。引导定语从句的词有关系代词that, which, who ( 宾格whom,所有格whose)和关系副词where, when,关系代词或关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之间,起联系作用,同时又作定语从句的一个成份。
⑴The man who lives next to us sells vegetables 住在我的隔壁的人是卖菜的。
在该句中the man 是先行词,who 是关系代词,引导定语从句who lives next to us在定语从句中,who 作主语。
2、由关系代词who, whom, which, that引导的限定性定语从句。
1)如果先行词是人,则用关系代词who/that; 如果先行词是物,则用关系代词which/that。
⑵The number of people who/that lost homes reached as many as 250,000
无家可归的人多达25万。
⑶It sounded like a train that was going under my house
它听起来就像是在我的房子下行驶的一列火车。
2)关系代词who, whom, which, that既起联系作用,引导定语从句,使之同它句中的某个名词/代词发生关系,同时又充当定语从句的一个成份。(如作从句中的主语或宾语)。当它们在从句中作宾语时,常可以省略。
⑷The boy(who/whom/that)we saw yesterday was John's brother
我们昨天见到的那个男孩是约翰的兄弟。
⑸The car (which/that)my uncle just bought was destroyed in the earthquake
我叔叔刚买的那辆汽车在地震上毁坏了。
说明:
关系代词whom用来指人,是宾格,常用在书面语中作定语从句的宾语。在口语和非正式文体中,常用who/that来代替whom或省略,如例句4。
3)当关系代词that或which修饰事物,作介词宾语时,如果介词位于关系代词之前,则用which(不能省)而不用that。
⑹The tool with which he is working is called a saw = The tool(that/which)he is working with
is called a saw他干活的那个工具叫锯子(不说…with that…)
⑺The factory in which his father used to work was closed last month = the factory
(that/which) his father used to work in was closed last month
他父亲以前工作过的那家工厂上个月关闭了。
说明:含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开,介词仍放在动词的后面。
Is this the watch (which/that)you are looking for
这是你正在找的那块手表吗?
The babies(whom/that)the nurses are looking after are very healthy
那些护士正在照顾的宝宝们非常健康。
被动语态
结构:1行为动词的被动语态: 助动词be + 及物动词的过去分词
be有人称时态数的变化,其变化规则与be作为连系动词时完全一样
一般现在时 am/is/are+及物动词的过去分词
一般过去时 was/were +及物动词的过去分词
一般将来时 will +be +及物动词的过去分词
现在完成时 have/has+been+及物动词的过去分词
2情态动词的被动语态: 情态动词 + be +及物动词的过去分词
否定式:是在助动词 be 或情态动词后加not构成
疑问式:是把上述助动词或情态动词提到主语之前,句尾加问号构成
被动语态主要的用法
1)我们不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁(这时 都不带由by引起的短语)。
The book is written for teachers 这种书是为教师写的。
2)动作的承受者是谈话的中心(这时可带有by引起的短语)。
The shop is run by a young man这家商店是由一个年轻人经营的。
3)出于礼貌措辞等方面的考虑不愿说出动作的执行者 是谁。
It is generally considered not advisable to smoke here一般认为在这儿吸烟是不妥当的。
4)被动结构能使句子得到更好的安排。
Liu Dehua appeared on the stage and was warmly applauded by the audience刘德华在台上出现,观众给予了热烈的掌声。
5)在汉语中被动结构的句子是很多的,有些带有“被”、 “受”、“由”等词,译成英语时较易想到用被动结构。
①他被选为我班班长。He was elected monitor of our class
但在更多情况下却不带这类标记,这种情况值得特别注意。
②运动会什么时候开? When will the sports meet be held
注 意
点:1只有及物动词能构成被动语态, 不及物动词不能构成被动语态
2某些不及物动词与介词副词搭配构成短语动词,带有宾语时,则有了动作的承受者,这时应把它们看作一个整体,变为被动语态,不能丢掉其中的介词,常用的有look after,take care of,cut down, laugh at,talk about,turn on等
egCatherine always takes care of the little girl
→The little girl is always taken care of by Carherine
3有些动词短语本身即是被动语态的形式, 不要再加by 短语,常用的有
be covered with be surprised at be interested in be worried about
be made of/from be known to
4某些动词形式是主动语态,但含有被动的意思
eg This dictionary sells well This kind of car drives fast The woolen sweater costs $ 88
5主动语态与被动语态的相互变化关系
主动句: 主语 + 谓语 + 宾语
(动作执行者) (动作承受者)
被动句: 主语 +谓语动词的被动形式+ by + 动作执行者
(动作承受者)
重点词组的太多了 字数超过限制 我发到给你消息上的
cut one's finger 割破手指
have one's hair cut 理发
cut coal 挖煤
cut expenses 减少费用
cut a class 逃学
Was your salary cut 你的薪水减少了吗
A brook cuts the field 一条小溪穿过田野。
Cut it !He is after you 快走! 他在追你。
Words cut more than swords [谚]恶语伤人胜过利剑。
Let the point where AB cuts CD be called E 设AB线与CD线相交点为E。
Gasoline cuts oil and grease 汽油溶解油脂。
One line cuts another at right angles
一条线与另一条线成直角相交。
Don's cut it too short 不要把它剪得太短。
习惯用语
a cut above [口]高一等, 比强些
be cut out for 有做某事的天赋; 适合于; 与相配合
Desperate cuts must have desperate cures [谚]
draw cuts 抽签
give sb the cut direct 故意不理采某人; 装做不认识某人
short cut 捷径, 近路(一般和make, take 连用; 有时用作定语)
cut about 乱切, 乱砍 乱跑
cut across 走捷径, 穿过去 和相反, 违反妨碍 影响到; 超出的界线
cut adrift 使(船)漂流 割断联系, 自己谋生
cut and carve 乱砍[削] 改动, 变更 使精细
cut and come again 请尽量吃; 丰盛的宴席
cut and contrive 节省费用以求收支相抵
cut and dried 准备好的 已决定的; 不大会改变的
cut and run (=cut one's lucky[stick]; cut dirt) [口]撒腿就跑
cut and thrust 短兵相接 针锋相对地挖苦 尖锐的; 锋利的
cut at 向砍去 猛打 毁掉
cut away 切除, 剪掉 匆匆跑掉
cut back(on) 减少; 剪短; 倒叙; 缩减; 中断; (踢足球时)急转方向;化稀释
cut dead 假装不认识[没看见], 不理睬
cut down 削减, 压缩 砍倒 使丧命 比强; 使逊色
cut down on 减少, 缩减
cut in 插进来说, 插嘴 夹进来, 夹塞 干预 超车 (在舞会中)截去别人的女舞伴 [口]让加入, 把 算 在内 (在电话里)偷听
cut into 插进来, 参加(谈话), 打断(别人的话); 减少, 缩减; 切开; 侵犯(利益)
cut it 连忙逃走; 停止!走开!住口!
cut (it) fine 不留余地, 使(时间, 空间, 金钱等)刚刚够用 到最后一分钟才赶到
cut it out 停止(做某事); 住手[口]
cut it short 说得简短些 少讲点! 别说下去啦!
cut it (too) fat [口]做得过分; 卖弄, 招摇
cut off切断, 停掉 隔绝, 挡住 死掉 使电话中断 切[剪]下来 剥夺(继承权)
cut on 急速 前进
cut out 删掉 停止 戒掉, 不吃 (机器)失灵, (自动)关掉 剪下来, 剪裁 切除 (for, to be)适合当[cut round [美、口]撒欢
cut short 打断(讲话), 中断(活动)
cut through 穿过, 穿透; 克服; 避开; 不理睬; 剪断
cut under 卖得比便宜
cut up切[破]碎 使难过, 使痛苦 歼灭(敌兵等) 砍[割]伤 [口] 吹毛求疵 [美]插科打诨; 胡闹; 恶作剧 [俚]表现, 表演(赛跑、比赛等) 留下遗产
cut up fat 死时留下巨款
cut up well 死时留下巨款
cut up rough [口]发怒, 冒火; 露出凶相; 找人吵架
常用词组
pick at一点一点地吃
pick on选择
Why pick on me
为什么偏偏挑中我?
pick up
捡起,改良;进步增加
pick up speed 加速,获得
勾搭上(女人)收听
美国的日常用语
1 It’s up to you(由你决定。)
2 I envy [羡慕]you(我羡慕你。)
3 Where can I wash my hands? (请问洗手间在哪里?)
4 What’s the weather like today?(今天天气如何?)
5 Where are you headed [朝…方向行进]? (你要到哪里去?)
6 I wasn’t born yesterday(我又不是三岁小孩。)
7 What do you do for relaxation[消遣、娱乐]?(你做什么消遣?)
8 It’s a small world(世界真小!)
9 It’s my treat[请客、款待] this time(这次我请客!)
10 The sooner the better (越快越好。)
11 Take your time(慢慢来/别着急。)
12 I’m mad about David Beckham(我迷死小贝了。)
13 I’m crazy about rock music (我对摇滚乐很着迷。)
14 How do I address you?(我怎么称呼你?)
15 What was your name again? (请再说一次名字好吗?)
16 Would you care for[喜欢] a cop of coffee?(要杯咖啡吗?)
17 So far so good(目前为止,一切都好。)
18 It drives[逼迫;迫使] me crazy(它把握逼疯了。)
19 She never showed up[出席;露面](她一直没有出现。)
20 That’s not like him(那不象是他的风格。)
21 I couldn’t get through(电话打不通。)
22 I got sick and tired of hotels(我讨厌旅馆。)
23 Be my guest(请便、别客气)
24 Can you keep an eye on my bag?(帮我看一下包好吗?)
25 Let’s keep in touch(让我们保持联系。)
26 Let’s call it a day[决定或同意暂时或永久停止(进行某事)]
27 I couldn’t help[避免;阻止] it(我没办法。)
28 Something’s come up[发生/出现](有点事/出事了)
29 Let’s get to the point[要点/核心问题](让我们来谈要点。)
30 Keep that in mind(记住那件事。)
31 That was a close call(太危险了/千钧一发)
32 I’ll be looking forward to it(我将期待这一天。)
33 Chances are slim[渺茫的;微小的](机会很小。)
34 Far from it(一点也不。)
35 I’m behind in my work(我工作进度落后了。)
36 It’s a pain in the neck[麻烦的事(人)](那真是件麻烦事)
37 We’re in the same boat(我们处境相同。)
38 My mouth is watering(我在流口水了。)
39 What do you recommend?(你推荐什么?)
40 I ache all over(我浑身酸痛。)
41 I have a runny nose(我流鼻涕。)
42 It slipped my mind(我忘了。)
43 You can’t please everyone(你不可能讨好每一个人。)please[使人感到满意和愉快]
44 I’m working on[着手;从事] it(我正在努力。)
45 You bet!(当然!)
46 Drop me a line[短信](写封信给我)
47 Are you pulling my leg?(你在开我玩笑吗?)
48 Sooner or later(迟早会的。)
49 I’ll keep my ears open(我会留意的。)
50 It isn’t much(那是微不足道的。)
51 Neck and neck(不分上下。)
52 I’m feeling under the weather(我觉得不舒服/精神不好/情绪低落。)
53 Don’t get me wrong[误解](不要误会我。)
54 I’m under a lot of pressure(我压力很大。)
55 You’re the boss(听你的。)
56 It doesn’t make any sense!(毫无意义!)
57 If I were in your shoes[处在某人的位置](如果我是你的话。)
58 It’s none of your business!(没你的事儿!)
59 i can’t take it anymore我再也受不了了
60 don’t take away from me 别把我带走。
61 I am frightened to face oneself我害怕面对自己
62 It’s not like that「不是那样的。」当然随着语气及情境的不同,It’s not like that这句话也有可能是你用来硬拗的藉口。
63 I’ve gotten carried away 我扯太远了
64 Good thing…… 还好,幸好… 在美语当中若要表达中文里「还好,幸好…」的语气,你就可以用Good thing……做开头。
这个句型非常简单又好用,你只要在Good thing后面加上完整的句子就可以。
65 I don’t believe you’re bringing this up 你现在提这件事真是岂有此理 你现在提这件事真是岂有此理bring something up是指「提到(某件事)」。当然情况会有 正反两面。你若没想到对方会提起这件事讨骂,你可以说I don’t believe you’re bringing this up。而反过来说,若你很高兴对方主动提起了一件事,你也可以用这个片 语,自然说出I am glad you are bringing this up
66 I envy you 我羡慕你
67 He turns me off(他使我厌烦。)
1 So far so good
目前为止,一切都好。
2 Be my guest
请便、别客气。
3 Think nothing of it
别放在心上。
4 I'm working on it
我正在努力。
5 I'll keep my ears open
我会留意的。
6 You're the boss
听你的。
7 Let's give him a big hand
让我们热烈鼓掌。
8 That's really something
真了不起。
9 Excuse me for a moment
失陪一会儿。
10 I'm dying to see you
我特想见你。
11 I'm flattered
过奖了。
12 Sorry to bother you
抱歉打扰你。
13 I'm very / really / terribly / awfully / extremely sorry
十分抱歉。
14 Let's forgive and forget
让我们摈弃前嫌。
15 I've heard so much about you!
久仰大名!
16 You have my word
我保证。
17 I hope I'm not in the way
我希望没有妨碍到你们。
我从金山词霸上查的!
begin
[bI5^In]
v
开始, 首先
begin
begin
AHD:[b¹-g¹n“]
DJ[bi6gin]
KK[b!6g!n]
v(动词)
began[-g²n“] begun[-g¾n“] beginning, begins
vintr(不及物动词)
To take the first step in performing an action; start
开始:采取行动的第一步;着手
To e into being:
开始,起源:形成,产生:
when life began
当生命开始时
To do or acplish in the least degree:
起步:完成或达到最低限度:
Those measures do not even begin to address the problem
那些措施根本不能触及问题所在
vtr(及物动词)
To take the first step in doing; start:
着手开始:采取行动的第一步;着手:
began work
开始工作
To cause to e into being; originate
使形成;产生
To e first in:
起首:第一个出现:
The numeral 1 begins the sequence
一是数字的起首
Middle English biginnen
中古英语 biginnen
from Old English beginnan
源自 古英语 beginnan
begin, mence, start, initiate, inaugurate
These verbs are pared as they denote ing or putting into operation, being, or motion or setting about taking the first step, as in a procedure
当这些动词表示开始行动,开始产生或着手采取行动的第一步时,可以互作比较
Begin and
Begin
mence are equivalent in meaning, though mence is more formal:
mence 意思相同,但mence 更为正式:
began the race;
开始比赛;
a play that begins at eight o'clock;
八点钟开演的节目;
menced her career as a scientist;
开始她的科研生涯;
festivities that menced with the national anthem
以国歌开始的节日盛会
Start is often interchangeable with begin and mence but can also imply setting out from a specific point, frequently following inaction:
Start 经常可以同begin 和 mence 互换, 但也可以暗指从特定一点出发,通常接在静止动作后:
Stand and visit with me for a few minutes until the train starts
在火车启动以前站着陪我谈几分钟;
The telephone started ringing
电话铃响起来
Initiate applies to the act of taking the first steps in a process, without reference to what follows:
Initiate 指在一过程中采取的第一步行动,而不考虑之后如何:
The public hoped the government would initiate restrictions on imported goods
公众希望 能对进口货物采取限制
Inaugurate often connotes a formal beginning:
Inaugurate 经常指正式的开始:
“The exhibition inaugurated a new era of cultural relations between the Soviet Union and United States” (Serge Schmemann)
“这次展览开创了美苏两国文化关系的新纪元” (塞格·施密曼)
Begin
Begin
AHD:[b³“g¹n] Menachem (1913-1992)
DJ[6beigin]
KK[6beg!n]
NONE(无词性)
Russian-born Israeli politician He led (1943-1948) Irgun, the Zionist underground movement in Palestine After the establishment of Israel, Begin became a political leader known for his hard-line views on the Arabs, but as prime minister (1977-1983) he strove to resolve the Arab-Israel conflict He shared the 1978 Nobel Peace Prize with Anwar el-Sadat of Egypt
贝京,梅纳切姆:(1913-1992) 俄裔以色列籍政治家1943年至1948年,他在巴勒斯坦领导了伊尔干地下犹太复国主义运动以色列建国后,作为政治领袖贝京以其对 国家主张强硬路线的观点著名但作为总理(1977-1983年),他努力解决阿以冲突问题1978年他与埃及的安瓦·艾-萨达 获诺贝尔和平奖
begin
[bI5^In]
vt, vi
began, begun, beginning
开始
It began to rain
天开始下雨
The film begins at two o'clock
**两点钟开始
Knowledge begin with practice
认识从实践开始
After running half a kilometer, I began to feel tired
跑了500米之后,我开始感到累了
These machines are beginning to date
这些机器快要过时了
to begin with
首先;第一点(理由)
To begin with, we must consider the faculties of the staff all-sidedly
首先,我们必须全面地考虑全体员工的素质
We can't go To begin with, it's too cold
我们不能去首先,天太冷了
begin
begin,start,end,stop这是词义正好相反的两组词begin 的反义词为 end;start 的反义词为 stop
begin 表示“开始”,其内涵是“使处于进程中”
Work on it had begun before my sister left
这座房子在我姐姐离开之前就已经动工了
Almost immediately he began to plain about the weather,…
他几乎马上便开始抱怨天气了,……
start 表示“开始”,其内涵是“启程”例如,“那次会议是上星期开始的”(The meeting began last week)会议是个“过程”,在这个意义上用 begin 恰当;而“千里之行始于足下”(A thousand-li journey is started by taking the first step)所包含的意义是启步, 所以用 start 恰当
He started to plain about this wicked world…
他开始抱怨这万恶的世道了……
注:begin 和 start 有时可以通用,如上面的第二句与第三句即使可以互换,它们含义的侧重点也有所不同某过程的停止实际上是“结束”,这时应当用 end
The dream he had had for so many years ended there
他做了那么许多年的梦就此结束了
How does the story end
那个故事是怎么结束的
注:end 可用作名词
Here is the end of the railway
这里是这条铁路的终点站
In the end we stay at home and look after everything
结果我们呆在家里照看一切
作为名词的 end,其反义词为 beginning另外,begin 与 start 还有一个常用的同义词 mence这个词与 begin 的词义几乎没有差别,只是 mence 为正式用语,而 begin 却非常普通法律、宗教活动或战争中的大战役比较庄严,在需要表示“开始”时应当用 mence而 mence 的反义词为 conclude,这两动词的相应名词分别为 mencement 和 conclusion处于运动中的物体的停止,实际上是“由动到静”,这时应当用 stop
He wants you to stop
他要你停车
Roy stopped his bus and telephoned the police
罗依停下了公共汽车,就给警察打了电话
注:cease 也有停止的意思是 stop 的同义词cease 适用于状态或情况,而 stop 适用于行为或进程如两个人吵架,你大声道“别吵了!”用英语说应为:Stop it! 如何两个人吵够了,不再吵了,这时是一种平静的气氛,应当用 cease
The quarrel has ceased now
争吵停止了
另外,关于 cease 和 stop 后跟不定式的问题,应当引起注意,因为它们表达了完全不同的含义
He stopped to laugh
他停下手头的工作哈哈大笑起来
He ceased to laugh 和 He stopped laughing
都是“他停止了哈哈大笑”的意思
begin
mencestarttake offconcludeendfinish
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