主语谓语宾语定语状语补语的英语怎么说

主语谓语表语宾语宾语补足语定语状语是英语句子成分、

顺序一般是主语，谓语宾语，宾语补足语，而表语，定语，状语的位置要根据情况而定。

1、主语

主语表示句子主要说明的人或事物，一般由名词代词数词动名词动词不定式等充当。

He likes watching TV 他喜欢看电视。（在这句中“He”为代词，充当句子主语）

2、谓语

谓语说明主语的动作，状态或特征行为。

一般可分为两类：

1)简单谓语

由动词(或短语动词)构成。

可以有不同的时态，语态和语气。

We study for the people我们为人民学习。

2)复合谓语：情态动词+不定式

I can speak a little English我可以说一点英语。

3、宾语

宾语表示动作行为的对象，跟在及物动词之后，能作宾语的有名词，代词，动名词，数词，动词不定式等。

We like English我们喜欢英语。

有些及物动词可以带两个宾语，往往一个指人，一个指物，指人的叫间接宾语，指物的叫直接宾语。 简称双宾语

He gave me some ink他给了我一点墨水。

有些及物动词的宾语后面还需要有一个补足语，意思才完整，宾语和它的补足语构成复合宾语。如：

We make him our monitor我们选他当班长。

4、定语

在句中修饰名词或代词的成分叫定语。

用作定语的主要是形容词，代词，数词，名词，副词，动词不定式，介词短语等。形容词，代词，数词，名词等作定语时，通常放在被修饰的词前面。

He is a new student他是个新生。

但副词，动词不定式，介词短语等作定语时，则放在被修饰的词之后。

The bike in the room is mine房间里的自行车是我的。

5、状语

修饰动词，形容词，副词以及全句的句子成分，叫做状语。用作状语的通常是副词，介词短语，不定式和从句等。状语一般放在被修饰的词之后或放在句尾。副词作状语时可放在被修饰的词前或句首。

He lives in London他住在伦敦。

He plays footboll on the playground他在操场上踢足球。

6、补语　

补充说明宾语，用形容词，名词，动词不定式充当

He asked me to help him他让我帮助他。

He often make us happy他经常使我们快乐。

7、表语

表语是谓语的一部分，它位于连系动词如be之后，（主语+连系动词+表语）说明主语身份，特征，属性或状态。它又叫作主语补足语。表语位于系动词之后，主要由名词、代词、形容词、数词、副词、介词短语、分词（短语）或动名词（短语）等来充当。

主语是句子叙述的主体，可由名词、代词、数词、名词化的形容词、不定式、动名词和主语从句等来承担。

谓语说明主语所发出的动作或具有的特征和状态。谓语由动词来承担。

宾语是动作的对象或承受者，常位于及物动词或介词后面。宾语可由名词、代词、数词、名词化的形容词、不定式、动名词、宾语从句等来担任。

英语主语：是谓语讲述的对象，一般由名词、代词、不定代词、从句、动名词等来充当，句子叙述的主体，一般位于句首。

名词作主语

例：The villagers didn't realize how serious the pollution was until the fish in the river died

直到河里的鱼死了，村民们才意识到污染的严重性

S（subject主语）+ V（verb谓语动词） +O（object宾语） 主系表结构 :S（subject主语）+V（verb谓语动词，也称为系动词，就是所说的“系”）

倒装：Not until the fish in the river died did the villagers realize how serious the pollution was

注意：倒装在主句，从句不倒装 /did 和not 提前，只剩动词原形

强调：It was not until the fish died in the river that the villagers realized how serious the pollution was

如果强调的是主语或宾语且指人用who，其他一律用that。是that，而非其他/主句的顺序（倒装不强调，强调就不倒装）

人称代词（主格），名词性代词，指示代词，不定代词，such（----样的人、物），it（时间，天气，距离等）

at midnight /in the(泛指）middle of the night

例：It is 9 o'clock when I went home

我回家的时候已经九点了

一般句：It was nine when I got home

强调句：It was at nine that I got home

原形：I got home at nine

注意：作主语在句首/it作主语构成（常用 v-ing，不常用只有 use，good）

（1）It is +adj +of sb(人的属性）/for sb（物的属性）to do

例：It is necessary to finish the design before National day Tomorrow is National day

有必要在国庆节之前完成设计。明天是国庆日

（2）it is +n+for/of sb to do

例：It is not good manners for Arabs to stand close talking to their friends

对阿拉伯人来说，和他们的朋友说话离得近不是一个好习惯

It is a great honor for us to be invited to the party

被邀请参加聚会是我们极大的荣幸

在感叹句中必须用it作形式主语：What a joy/ pleasure (it is) to read the book

在问句中必须用形式主语：Is it possible to go to the moon by spaceship：可以乘宇宙飞船去月球吗？

数词作主语

Ten out of 100 Americans are over /above /more than 65

动名词作主语

一般 / 完成时

v-ing: 主动/doing/having done

not doing:被动/being done/having been done

注意：doing 无时间限定/与谓语同时出现/在谓语动词后发生having done发生在谓语之前

He still remembers being prized

当逻辑主语为无生命的东西时

1作主语时，通常表示一般性的无时间性的东西。而不定式表示某一种具体的动作。

Smoking is habit difficult to break：抽烟的习惯很难打破的

2主语和表语一致

Seeing is believing：眼见为实

3逻辑主语必须是所有格形式

The old man's taking pity on the snake leads to his death那个老人怜悯那条蛇，导致他的死亡。

4“it” 作形式主语：当表语为 no use，no good，no harm，any good，fun等名词或useless，nice，good，interesting，worthwhile等形容词时，句首常用it作形式主语，动名词后置。句型常用于说明“某种活动或某件事情如何”

不定式作主语

To +动词原形

Not to do 解释：具有动词的性质，作宾语，状语/具有名词的性质，作主语/具有形容词性质，作定语/具有副词的性质，作状语。除谓语不可作之外，其他都可。

一般式：to do

进行时：to be doing

完成时：to have done

完成进行时：to have been doing

to do:表示动作发生在谓语之后，I want to go home与谓语动词几乎同时发生

to be doing :表示与谓语动词同时发生

to have done:发生在谓语动词之前 Someone was considered to have done something

to have been doing :动作从过去开始一直持续到谓语动词这个动作的发生

不定式表示一种确定的动作

To do morning exercises this morning is not good for your health：今天早上去做早操对你的健康不好

名词化的形容词：the poor /the sick

名词化的过去分词：the disabled

名词化的介词短语：From my home to school is three kilometers：从我家到学校有三公里

副词----不定式或动名词

What an excitement to find a shark when you’re swimming in the sea

当你在大海中游泳时，发现鲨鱼是多么兴奋的事

句子作主语

〔1）that引导的从句，无意义，不担当句子成分，不省略

a It +v+ that从句

b It +系动词+表语+that 从句

c It is strange that he didn't come here yesterday：奇怪的是，昨天他没来这里

当形容词为important necessary strange /that should +动词原形

It is strange that he should （表示吃惊）pass the exam：奇怪的是，他可以通过考试

〔2）It is +n +that 从句

What a pity it is that you didn't come to this party：真遗憾你没来这个聚会

当名词为a pity/a shame /a surprise +should +v原形（表示竟然）

What a pity that she should be fail in exam：真遗憾，她竟然考试不及格

〔3） It is +过去分词+that 从句

It is reported that a car accident happened there：据报道，发生一场车祸

从句s +be v-ed + inf

He is said to be studying in the USA：据说他在美国学习

有人建议suggest/order/request + 从句 should +动词原形

〔4） It +动词原形seem/appear /turn out/+that

It seems that it will rain：看来要下雨

〔1 〕It strikes sb that 从句 ：表示“某人突然想…”

It occurs to sb that从句：表示“某人发生了…”

〔2〕 为强调从句意义，that从句常放在句首

例：That he will come here is of great help：他来这儿是很有帮助的

That you failed the exam will…：你考试失败了会…

--What made his father so angry ：什么使他父亲很生气？

--That he failed the exam 或He fails the exam：他考试不及格

c在问句中必须有形式主语

It is true that Bush will visit China again

Whether /if是否不担当句子成分，也不省略

A句首只用whether

Whether he will come to the meeting is unknown yet

B句末形式主语都可用 It ----whether/if

It is of no/little important whether/if it will rain today

c在有些句型中，从句不在前 It doesn't matter whether ----

It doesn't matter whether it is new/it will rain tomorrow

〔3) 连接代词 who /whom/whose/what/which/担当从句成分，有意义，不省略

A what +sb + clause

What we will do next is not decided

B what+修饰词 意为什么样的……

What color you like is none of my business

C what ……人，……事，……物

What he said at the meeting surprised everyone present

注意：what前是否有先行词/与that 之间的区别

That he said it at the meeting surprised everyone present

What 与which 的区别

Which/what you want---若给定范围用which，没有用what。

What ---be that---强调句的一种（强调后者）：

What I need most is that someone helps me

另外，what引导的从句作主语时，大多数情况下视为第三人称单数：

What we need is time

What you said yesterday is right

但也有例外，如What we need are good doctors

注意：当what引导的名词性从句作主语时，主谓一致问题极为复杂。著名学者周海中教授在论文《关于what-分句作主语的主谓一致问题》中就这一问题做了深入研究，并给出了10种的主谓一致关系。这些一致关系值得英语学习者和使用者特别注意。

There be +what clause

There was we call People's Republic of China in Chinese history

What +比较级what more /what worse

what引导从句作状语修饰全句的内容。在句首或句中，很少在句尾

Which +n (single)

Whose +n(只用此）

Whose father is a doctor is no sense

It从句作形式主语（what……人或物时，不用it）

〔4）连接副词when/whose/how/why担当句子成分，有意义，不省略

How the accident happened puzzled everyone句尾用形式主语it

〔5) 引导主语从句

whoever/whosever/whatever/whichever/Anywhere/anything that /everyone that/whoever=anyone whom/anything that (泛指)/anything what (特指)

Whoever 指人从意义判断

Who 引导指事

Since the introduction of reform, China has made earth shaking changes自从改革以来，中国发生了翻天覆地的变化。

1、在春风起时你来到我的身边，我们一起度过人生的每一个季节。

You come to me when the spring wind blows, and we spend every season of our lives together

2、想亲亲我身边的风，说不定哪天就吹到了你的脸上。

Want to kiss the wind around me, maybe one day it will blow on your face

3、我不想做你生命的插曲，只想做你生命最完美的结局。

I don't want to be the episode of your life, just want to be the perfect ending of your life

4、你有多特别呢，万千人中走过，即使近视也能一眼望到你。

How special are you Thousands of people walk by, even if they are short-sighted, they can see you at a glance

5、世界这么大，而我真正想落脚的地方，是你的身旁。

The world is so big, and the place I really want to stay is your side

6、一年三百六十五天，我只爱你三天，昨天、今天、明天。

Three hundred and sixty-five days a year, I only love you three days, yesterday, today, tomorrow

7、答案很长，我准备用一生时间来回答，你准备听了吗？

The answer is very long I'm going to spend my whole life answering Are you ready to listen

8、说不清楚为什么爱你，但你就是我不爱别人的理由。

I don't know why I love you, but you are the reason why I don't love others

9、你发的语音我都会听很多遍，不是想听内容，而是想听你的声音。

I will listen to your voice many times, not to the content, but to your voice

10、我爱你，从来不是嘴上说说而已，而是心里由衷的真心话。

I love you I never say it in my mouth, but in my heart

11、世界上最省钱的环球之旅，就是绕你一圈，你就是我的全世界。

The most economical trip around the world is to go around you You are my world

12、世界变化不停，人潮川流不息，我只想每个日落，身边都有你。

The world is constantly changing and the flow of people is endless I just want to have you around every sunset

13、我喜欢三月的风，四月的雨，不落的太阳，和最好的你。

I like the wind in March, the rain in April, the sun that doesn't set, and the best of you

14、很后悔认识了你，你让我感受到你不在我身边时的痛苦。

I regret knowing you, you make me feel the pain when you are not around me

15、你让世上所有情话都若有所指，你让我散落天涯的碎片都重新归集。

You let all the love words in the world if there is a point, you let me scattered fragments of the world are gathered again

16、你有多特别呢，万千人中走过，即便近视也能一眼望到你。

How special are you Thousands of people walk by, even if they are short-sighted, they can see you at a glance

17、我希望我的下一场恋爱，要么，不开始。要么，一辈子。

I hope my next love, or, don't start Or, for life

18、我掐指一算，天时地利，你今天适合顺势倒在我怀里。

I pinched the finger to calculate, the time and the place are good, you are suitable to fall in my arms today

19、每晚睡前跟你说晚安，是属于我的，最简单而持久的幸福。

To say good night to you before going to bed every night is my simplest and lasting happiness

20、我想写一个故事，以我开始，以我们结束。

I want to write a story that starts with me and ends with us

21、我喜欢夏天的可乐、冬天的草莓，还有一年四季的你。

I like coke in summer, strawberries in winter and you all the year round

22、春有百花秋有月，夏有凉风冬有雪，而我只想早晚都有你。

There are hundreds of flowers in spring and months in autumn, cool wind in summer and snow in winter, and I just want to have you sooner or later

23、你不理我的时候我就觉得你在好好学习，准备以后养我。

When you ignore me, I think you are studying hard and preparing to support me later

24、你对我一见倾心，我对你一见如故，初遇是你，余生都是你。

You fall in love with me at first sight, I see you as before, the first encounter is you, the rest of my life is you

25、我走过天涯，没有见过合适的人，直到走过海角，我遇见了你。

I have never met the right person in the end of the world until I met you in the corner of the sea

26、我能想到的最美好的事就是，在喜欢你的每一天里，被你喜欢。

The best thing I can think of is to be liked by you every day

27、春风十里，不及相遇有你；晴空万里，不及心中有你。

Spring wind ten li, can't meet you; clear sky ten thousand li, can't have you in heart

28、听到一些事，明明不相关，但总能在心里拐几个弯的想到你。

When I hear something, it's obviously irrelevant, but I always think of you in my mind

29、遇见你开始眉眼弯弯，星河皆你。春风十里不如你，梦里梦外都是你。

Meet you and begin to bend your eyebrows and eyes Spring wind ten li is inferior to you, in the dream outside is you

30、饿的时候总想偷偷看你一眼，大概是因为秀色可餐吧。

I always want to sneak a look at you when I'm hungry Maybe it's because it's delicious

31、遇见你之前，我没想过结婚，遇见你之后，结婚我没想过别人。

Before meeting you, I didn't want to get married After meeting you, I didn't want to get married

32、我本来想送你一个超级可爱的礼物，可是快递员不让我钻进箱子里。

I wanted to give you a super cute gift, but the courier didn't let me get into the box

33、往后余生，不必逞强，不必说谎，爱你的人，都能懂你的模样。

For the rest of your life, you don't have to be brave, you don't have to lie, people who love you can understand you

34、爱情里最美好的事莫过于你和我最终成为我们。

The best thing about love is that you and I finally become us

35、我想向你借一个未来，拿我的全部温情和热爱来还。

I want to borrow a future from you and return all my warmth and love

36、如果说主语是我，而谓语是你，那么我想爱是最佳的链接词。

If the subject is me and the predicate is you, then I think love is the best link

37、因为你是我诗里可爱的阳光，点染我少年轻悦的诗句。

Because you are the lovely sunshine in my poems, and light the lines of my youth

38、你是长跑运动员吗？不然怎么会在我脑海里跑了一天。

Are you a long-distance runner Otherwise, how could I run in my mind for a day

39、遇见喜欢的人，就像浩劫余生，漂流过沧海，终见陆地。

To meet someone you like is like to spend the rest of your life drifting across the sea and finally meeting the land

40、女朋友说过的话最好要记得一点，不要随便假装听到。

It's better to remember what your girlfriend said Don't pretend to hear it

41、往后余生风雪是你，平淡是你。心底温柔是你目光所至，也是你。

For the rest of your life, it will be you The tenderness in your heart is what you see, and it's also you

42、这些年来，你一直在我心里隐居，我放下了天地，却从不让你失望。

Over the years, you have been living in seclusion in my heart, I put down the world, but never let you down

43、一屋两人，一日三餐，四季有你，这就是爱情最好的归宿。

One room for two, three meals a day, four seasons with you, this is the best destination of love

44、一般情况下我在想你，二般情况下我在受相思的煎熬！

In general, I miss you, and in other cases, I am suffering from Acacia!

45、万物想你，不及我心念你。万物喜你，不及我心悦你。

All things miss you, not as much as I miss you All things like you, not as much as I like you

46、你为什么老是找我聊天，是不是喜欢我。不是的话，我再想想办法。

Why do you always talk to me Do you like me If not, I'll think of another way

47、听着，我允许你喜欢我。除了白头偕老，我们没别的选择！

Listen, I allow you to like me We have no choice but to grow old together!

48、我喜欢你，笨拙而热烈。一无所有却又倾尽所有。

I like you, clumsy and warm Nothing but all

49、牛顿发现了万有引力，我发现了你对我的吸引力。

Newton discovered gravitation, I discovered your attraction to me

50、你可以把余生都交给我保管，可以霸占我情话里的每一句喜欢。

You can give the rest of your life to me for safekeeping, and you can dominate every word of my love words