ACCA教材主要词汇英汉对照 Vocabulary of ACCA textbook
独资企业
Sole trader
收购公司
Purchasing company
银行透支
Bank overdraft
开帐分录
Opening entry
购货退回
Return outwards
接管
Take over
销货退回
Return inwards
企业收购帐户
Business purchase account
毛利
Gross profit
卖主帐户
Vendor account
租金与地方税
Rent and rates
留存收益
Retained earnings
收到的折扣
Discount received
普通股股本
Ordinary share capital
给与的折扣
Discount allowed
优先股股本
Preference share capital
要求权
Claim
债券
Debentures
提款
Drawings
损益表
Profit and loss account
合伙企业
Partnership
股东年会
General meeting
合伙人
Partner
真实/公允
True and fair
合伙协议
Partnership agreement
推销成本
Distribution cost
资本利息
Interest on capital
投资注销额
Amount written-off investment
剩余利润
Residual profit
自建工程资本化
Own work capitalized
分配
Appropriation
集团内股票收入
Income from shares in group under takings
盈亏分配帐户
Profit and loss appropriation
其他股票收入
Income from shares in other participating interests
结转下期余额
Balance carried down
自有股
Own shares
上期结转余额
Balance Brought down
负债准备
Provisions for liabilities
合伙人贷款
Partner’s loan
养老金
Pensions
合作企业
Joint venture
资本赎回公积
Capital redemption reserve
合作企业备查帐户
Memorandum joint venture
按公司章程保留的公积
Reserve provided for by the articles of association
杂费
Sundry expenses
公司所得税
Corporation tas (CT)
佣金
Commission
财政年度
Financial year
运出运费
Carriage outwards
预交公司所得税
Advanced corporation tax(ACT)
运入运费
Carriage inwards
主体公司所得税
Mainstream corporation tax(MCT)
联合银行存款帐户
Joint bank account
所得税率适用年度
CT year
商誉
Goodwill
税金抵免
Tax credit
重估价法
Revaluation method
税收机构
Inland revenue
合并
Amalgamation
应纳税利润
Taxable profit
合并前
Pre-Amalgamation
公司所得税准备
Provision fo CT
合并后
Post-Amalgamation
应抵预交公司所得税
ACT recoverable
通过支付年金清偿
Discharge by payment of annuity
应付公司所得税
ACT payable
年金暂记帐户
Annuity suspense account
预算报告
Budget speech
保险金
Premiums
资本收益
Capital gain
退保价值
Surrender value
小公司税率
Small companies rate
人寿保险政策帐户
Life assurance policies account
边际利率
Marginal rate
贸易表
Trading account
完全税率
Full rate
终止
Cessation
免税投资收益
Franked investment income
变卖资产帐户
Realization account
资本减免
Capital allowances
合伙企业的解体
Dissolution of partnership
剩余预交公司所得税
Surplus ACT
最后约定的资本
Last agreed capital
寄售业务
Consignment trading
逐步解体
Piecemeal dissolution
汇票
Bills of exchange
变卖资产费用准备
Provision for realization expense
分支机构
Branch
变卖资产损失
Loss on realization
代理商
Agent
股票帐户
Shares account
交易商
Trader
英国境内公司
UK resident company
受托人
Consignee
非免税收入
Un-franked receipts
委托人,寄售人
Consigner
公司所得税费用
CT charge
保障,赔偿
Indemnity
代扣所得税的交纳
Payment under deduction of IT
销售帐单
Account sales
磨损
Wear and tear
寄售利润
Profit on consignment
拥有法定所有权的土地
Freehold land
进口税
Import duties
过时
Obsolescence
运费
Delivery to customers
开采或消耗
Extraction of consumption over time
途中保险费
Carriage insurance on goods delivered to Customers
直线法
Straight line method
佣金
Commission
余额递减法
Reducing balance method
汇付
Remittance
年数总和法
Sum of the digits method
未售存货
Unsold stock
累计折旧
Accumulated depreciations
应收票据
Bills receivable
经济使用年限
Useful economic lives
保险收入
Insurance proceeds
每股净收益
Earnings per share
面值
Face value
例外项目
Exceptional items
贴现费用
Discount charges
非常项目
Extraordinary items
财务费用
Financing cost
前期调整
Prior year adjustment
应付票据
Bills payable
不能抵销的预交公司税
Irrevocable advanced corporation tax
支出
Expenditure
未抵销的损失
Unrelieved losses
即期汇票
Sight drafts
净值基础
Net basis
监管
Custody
零值基础
Nil basis
主损益帐户
Main profit and loss account
消耗品
Consumable stores
部门化
Departmentalization
成本与可实现净值孰低
The lower of cost and net realizable value
分摊
Apportionment
平均成本
Average cost
共同性费用
Common expense
先进先出
First in first out
包装纸
Wrapping paper
后进先出
Last in first out
评价
Assess
标准成本
Standard cost
独立实体
Independent entity
重置成本
Replacement cost
投资报酬率
Return on investment
资产负债表日后日期
Event after balance sheet date
减除佣金后利润
Post-commission profit
董事会
The board of directors
赊销收入
Credit sales
调整事项
Adjusting event
修理费用
Repair charges
非调整事项
Non-adjusting event
一般费用
General expense
或有事项
Contingencies
分支销售机构
Selling agency branch
或有收益
Contingent gain
正常存货损失
Normal stock losses
或有损失
Contingent loss
交易帐户
Trading account
资本承诺
Capital commitments
非常存货损失
Abnormal stock losses
现金流量表
Cash flow statement
本地购货
Local purchase
信用交易
Credit transaction
退货
Returned goods
现实购买力会计
Current purchasing power accounting (CPP)
独立分支机构
Independent branch
现实成本会计
Current cost accounting(CCA)
往来帐户
Current account
零售物价指数
Retail price index
复式簿记帐户
Double-entry accounts
持有收益
Holding gains
时间差异
Time lag differences
业绩评估
Assessment of performance
分支机构间转移
Inter-branch transfer
货币性项目的衡量
Measurement of monetary items
结算
Settlement
货币性资产
Monetary assets
分支机构间往来帐户
Interbranch current account
货币性负债
Monetary liabilities
分支机构存货调整帐户
Branch stock adjustment account
征求意见稿
Exposure draft
未实现利润准备
Provision for unrealized profit
货币性营运资本调整
Monetary working capital adjustment
实现原则
Realization
举债比率调整
Gearing adjustment
货币折算
Currency translation
净营业资产
Net operating assets
货币兑换
Currency conversion
发行和赎回债券
Issue and redemption debentures
当地货币
Local currency
债券
Bonds
汇率
Exchange rate
契约
Deed
即期汇率
Spot rate
无担保债券
Naked-debentures(unsecured)
远期合同
Forward contract
拥有法定所有权的
Freehold
贴水
Discount
偿债基金
Sinking fund
升水
Premium
债券赎回偿债基金
Debenture redemption sinking fund account
货币性项目
Monetary items
偿债基金投资帐户
Sinking fund investment account
风险
Risk
可转换债券
Convertible debentures
不确定性
Uncertainty
资本化发行
Capitalization issue
套期保值
Hedging
股权发行
Bonus issue
长期货币性资产
Long-term monetary assets
含权价
Cum-rights prices
长期货币性要求权
Long-term monetary claims
除权价
Ex-rights prices
汇兑收益/损失
Exchange rate gain/loss
可分配公积
Distributable of reserves
时态法
Temporal method
以公积支付股利
Paying a dividend out of reserve
历史汇率法
Historic method
已付清红利股
Paid-up bonus shares
期末汇率法
Closing rate method
重估公积
Revaluation reserve
场地费用
Site expenses
减资
Capital reductions
管理费用
Administrative expenses
资本重组
Capital reorganizations
装置和设备
Furniture and fittings
过剩资本
Excess capital
房屋
Premises
资本重建
Capital reconstruction
预付费用
Payment in advance
权益汇总帐户
Sundry members account
建造合同
Construction contract
实现帐户
Realization account
工程保留款
Retention
购买者帐户
Purchaser’s account
分期付款
Progress payment
自愿清算
Voluntary liquidation
交易帐户
Trading account
特别决议
Special resolution
合同收入
Contract fee
方案\计划
Scheme
合同亏损
Loss on contract
清偿\偿还
Discharge
完工百分比
Percentage of completion
卖方帐户
Vendor account
完成合同
Completed contract
创立合并
Amalgamation
预期利润
Expected profit
高估
Over-valuation
承建商
Contractor
低估
Under-valuation
矫正
Rectification
集团报表
Group accounts
已鉴定完工价值
Value of work certified
纵向联合
Vertical integration
总部费用
Head office costs
横向联合
Horizontal integration
合同成本
Contract costs
不同行业联合
Diversification
销售收入
Turnover
控股公司
Holding company
合同损失准备
Provision for loss on contract
重大影响
Dominant influence
预收款
Payment on account
直接控制集团
Direct group
可预见损失
Foreseeable loss
垂直控制集团
Vertical group
已付款超过收入(部分)
Excess progress payment
混合控制集团
Mixed group
股票/证券
Stock ,security
盈余公积
Revenue reserve
债券
Debenture
合并公积
Consolidation reserve
法定权利
Legal rights
少数股权
Minority interests
报价
Quote
合并商誉
Goodwill on consolidation
证券交易所
Stock exchange
合并资本公积
Capital reserve on consolidation
上市投资
Listed investment
少数股东
Minority share holders
偿还
Repayment
股本溢价
Share premium
累积股息
Cum div cd
部分收购
Partial acquisition
累积利息
Cum-int ci
在途支票
Cheque in the post
股息除外
Ex-div xd
收买前后
Pre( post)-acquisition
利息除外
Ex-int xi
调整帐户
Adjustment accounts
面值
Nominal value
对子公司投资
Investment in subsidiary
市价
Market value
普通公积
General reserve
应计股利
Accrued dividend
参与股权
Participating interest
应计利息
Accrued interest
集团内部交易
Intra-group trading
证券交易所官方清单
Stock exchange official list
公司间销售
Inter-company sales
二级市场
Secondary market
溢价
Premium
未上市证券市场
Unlisted securities market
折价
Discount
让与,出售
disposal
债券利息
Debenture interest
加权平均
Weighted
分次购买
Piecemeal acquisition
结帐
Close off
关联公司
Associated company
已分派股份
Allocated shares
多数股权
Majority holding
国库券
Treasury stock
累计控股
Cumulative holding
认股权发行
Rights issue
孙公司
Sub-subsidiary
赊销
Credit sale
子集团,附属集团
Sub-group
租购
Hire purchase
多公司结构
Multi-company structures
信用协议
Credit agreement
伙伴子公司
Fellow subsidiaries
会计处理
Accounting treatment
有效股权
Effective shareholdings
经营性租赁
Operating lease
控制股权
Controlling interest
融资租赁
Finance lease
资本报酬率
Return on capital employed
出租人/承租人
Lesser /lessee
产权收益率
Returen on equity
一期(二期)租赁
Primary(secondary)period
息税前净利
Net Profit before interest and tax
不可撤销的付款
No-cancelable payment
应收帐款帐龄表
Aging schedule of debtors
名义租金
Peppercorn rent
资金来源及运用表
Source and application of funds statement
报酬
Reward
通货膨胀
Inflation
现值
Present value
通货紧缩
Deflation
最低租赁付款额
Minimum lease payment
损耗
Deplete
定金
Deposit
每股收益
Earnings per share
公允价值
Fair value
股利保证倍数
Dividend cover
财务费用
Finance charge
股利分配率
Dividend payout ratio
实际利率
Effective rate of finance charge
股利收益率
Dividend yield ratio
平均未付资本余额
Average balance of capital outstanding
净收益率
Earnings yield
资本偿还
Capital repayment
市盈率
Price/ earnings ratio
精确法
Actuarial method
公司估价
The valuation of components
递延收益
Deferred income
联营公司
Associated companies
分期支付
Installment
共同比财务报表
Common-size financial statements
未实现利润准备
Provision for unrealized profit
物质资源
Physical resources
应收租购款帐户
Hire purchase debtors account
会计原则
Accounting principles
重新获得帐户
Repossessions account
会计方法
Accounting methods
金融公司
Finance house
权责发生制
Accrual accounting
制造商
Manufacturer
重置成本
Replacement cost
交易商
Dealer
一般会计原则
Generally accepted accounting principles(GAAP)
总盈余
Gross earnings
剩余现金
Cash surplus
政府补助
Government grant
净值减免
Writing down allowance
租赁期
Lease term
account form 第一次听说,指表格吗?
balance of the account 账户余额, 指借方与贷方的差额,the amount representing the difference betwween the debit and credit sides of an account 总额较小的一方加上这个数额使其等于另一方(使借贷相等)这个数额就叫balance Balance is included on the side of the less total, to ensure it equals the greater total A balance is brought down to the opposite side of the account这个余额结转至另一方作为期初余额。
Business transaction, 楼上说是业务分录,我理解的可能不够专业,还是你自己找资料吧。
LLC,有限责任公司,指股东对企业的债务负有限的偿还责任。A company in which the liability of the members in respect of the company's debts is limited就是说如果企业破产时,股东个人不需要偿还企业所有的债务,仅限于他所持的未付的股票数额。It may be limited by shares, in which case the liability of the members on a windinging-up is limited to the amount (if any)unpaid on their shares这是目前注册公司的大多数情况,也有公司是 limited by guarantee,即股东同意在企业破产时支付一笔钱,这种意向作为契约写进企业注册备忘录里, the liability is limited by the memorandum to a certain amount, which the members undertake to contribute on winding-up
注:公司注册时提交的一份文件,英国称为“memorandum”,中国公司法里专业词汇我不清楚,直译就是“备忘录”。
Present value concept:现值观念,解释这个有点难,货币银行学里大体就是说货币是有时间价值的,同样数量的货币在今天的价值和在将来是不一样的,有时也称为未来的收入在现在的价值。It is the value today of a future payment or series of payments, discounted at the appropriate discount rate会计学里解释现值:the result arrived at in a discounted cash flow calculation by multiplying a projected annual cash flow figure by a discount factor折现因子 derived from a hurdle rate最低预期资本回收率 of interest and a time period
网站找到的资料都是简单的名词翻译对照,很少有解释的,可以买本牛津会计词典,不过没学过的话也难看懂。
http://wwwacchrcom/archiver/tid-9350html
Debitor是债务人的意思,说白了就是指某个人欠债;Creditor是债权人,意思就是这个人借了钱给别人。这俩词在早些时候的西方会计里面出现的较多;Debitor其实相当于Accounts Receivable 也就是应收账款;Creditor则是Accounts Payable也就是应付账款。也就是所谓的“借应收,贷应付”。
下面我举一个做账时的实例来让大家更清楚一些。
假设一家A公司,它从我的公司购买了一台5000元的电脑,下个月付款给我。那么做账的时候,A公司应该为债务人(Debitor),因为它欠我钱。所以我公司做账时,应做如下账目:
A公司
Dr(借):应收账款 5000元
Cr(贷):电脑 5000元
下个月A公司到了付款日,把5000元钱打到了我的银行账户,那么我应该再入一笔账,来把那笔应收款冲掉:
A公司
Dr(借):银行存款 5000元
Cr(贷):应收账款 5000元
以上两笔入账,合起来看,就应收而言,一借一贷,平了。相当于是
A公司
Dr(借):银行存款 5000元
Cr(贷):电脑 5000元
这个合起来的账目,意思就是我公司贷方有一台电脑(资产减少),借方出现5000的银行存款(资产增加),也就是从一台电脑转化成了5000块钱。
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