1a dog in the manger占着茅坑不拉屎的人
出自《伊索寓言》(Aesop’s Fables),有一篇狗站马槽的故事,说的是一头狗躺在堆满稻草的马槽里,狗是不吃草的动物,而当马或牛一走进稻草时,这头狗却朝着马,牛狂哮,不准食草动物享用。因此,“狗站马槽”就成了一个家喻户晓的成语而进入英语中,常用来比喻a person who prevents others from enjoying something that is useless to himself; a churlish fellow who will neither use a thing himself nor let others use it,讽刺那些占据说职位或某些物质却不做事的人。
a dog in the manger是个名词性短语,常与系动词连用,充当表语(主语补足语)
eg: He borrowed a lot of books from the library, but he didn’t read a book He was really a dog in the manger
There are some officials who are only the dogs in the manger
Smith was a dog in the manger over that roll of wire; it was no use whatever to him,but he wouldn’t let us have it
2bell the cat自告奋勇去冒险;老虎头上拍苍蝇
bell the cat系成语to hang the bell about the cat’s neck的简略,愿意是“给猫的脖子上挂铃”。它来自《伊索寓言》(Aesop’s Fables)中的《老鼠会议》(The Mice in Council)
这篇寓言讲的是:一群老鼠在鼠洞里举行会议,讨论如何对付凶狠的猫。白胡须老鼠提出:“我有个方法,在猫的脖子上挂一个铃。这样,猫一走动铃就响,我们就可以闻铃声而逃避了”,群鼠一致同意这个建议,欢呼:“That’s a capital idea We will bell the cat! No more fear of the cat!”但是,谁去给猫挂铃铛呢?没有一只老鼠敢去,一个个都溜掉了。老鼠会议豪无结果,它们不安全的境况当然也无法改善。
寓言所寄托的意思很明白:遇到困难的问题时候,既需要有出谋献策的人,更需要有挺身而出的实干家。
bell the cat常用来比喻to do something dangerous in order to save others; to step forward bravely to face the danger; to take a risk for the good of others
eg: Everybody made suggestion, but no one actually offered to bell the cat
We didn’t know who would put him this delicate question when my friend offered to bell the cat
3cry wolf虚发警报;慌报险情;危言耸听
cry wolf来自《伊索寓言》:《牧童和狼》 (The Shepherdboy and the wolf)
有个牧童在离村子不远的山坡上放羊,有一次,他为了开心作乐,突然大喊:“Help! Help! The wolf!”全村的人都闻声跑来援助他时,才知道这只是开玩笑。如此恶作剧搞了两三次。后来,狼真的来了,那个牧童再呼号求救时,谁也不理会他了。于是,狼把他的羊吃了。
这篇寓言的意义很清楚:爱说谎话的人,即或在他说真话时,也没人相信他。由此,人们用to cry wolf 来概括这篇寓言的基本情节及其教诫意义,用以比喻to give false alarms; to warn of danger where there is none之意。按其比喻意义,这个成语相当与汉语中出自《东周列国志》的典故:烽火戏诸侯。周幽王为博得宠妃褒泥一笑,竟然把军国大事当儿戏,烽火报警戏诸侯,使各路诸侯仓促发兵,驰援京师,结果收到嘲笑。后来犬戎进犯,幽王再举烽火调兵,谁也不来了,结果周幽王遭到杀身亡国之祸。这2个典故的情节虽不同,寓意却完全不一致,都是表示“一朝说假话,一世无人信”
eg: Nobody will believe he is in trouble because he has cried wolf so many times
Is she really sick of is she just crying wolf
The newspaper placards that had cried "wolf" so often, cried "wolf" now in vain
4Fish in Troubled Waters浑水摸鱼;趁火打劫;陷于混乱
Fish in Troubled Waters直译是:“浑水里捕鱼”,出自《伊索寓言·渔夫》
这篇寓言江的是:有个渔夫在河里张网捕鱼,他把鱼网横栏在河道里,然后拿了一条缚着石块的绳子,不停的拍击河水,使泥沙泛起,河水浑浊,鱼儿在慌乱中纷纷自投罗网,渔夫用这个方法捕得了好多鱼。但住在附近的人指责渔夫说:“我们饮水全靠这条河,你把水搞得这么浑,叫我们到哪里去找清水饮用呢?”渔夫回答说:“可是,我若不把水搞浑,那就非饿死不可了”
因此,人们常用to fish in trouble waters 比喻to try to win advantages for oneself from a disturbed state of affairs; to make use of sb’s misfortune to serve one’s own ends并因此产生了谚语it’s good fishing in troubled waters(混水好摸鱼)。
在英语中,to fish in troubled waters 也可写成to fish in the muddy waters,而且water必须做waters。
eg:The man who interferes in South American politics is fishing in troubled waters
I refused to let them come here because i knew they only wanted to fish in troubled waters
Those who made large profits out of illegally selling rationed goods during World War II were fishing in troubled waters
romance 罗曼史 浪漫的事,演变很有趣 Roma 罗马 这个国度就是传奇故事 当时译作传奇的,罗马的古代文明在人类文明上算是提前的了 很多欧洲国家的发明科技都是从罗马那里学到的,很多谚语也源自那里,大家熟知的,条条大路通罗马。
音乐 music 源于 希腊神话 掌管音乐文艺的天神。缪斯 muses
jazz 爵士乐 摇滚乐 亚历山大乐队 每当演出摇滚 到达高潮时,人们会喊他的名字 jazz jazz ,就好像中国的萧敬腾 一唱到高潮的时候,台下也喊他的名字 音译过来是爵士的谐音
早餐 breakfast break fast 打破斋戒 ,伊斯兰教 开斋节, 斋戒,是指伊斯兰教的斋月 白天一天不能进食,只是在一早一晚太阳不出来的时候吃饭 即凌晨 和傍晚才吃饭这两顿 早饭不吃 斋戒一满了,开斋节 3月份 就和汉族过年一样丰盛 那天
所以打破斋戒就是吃早餐的意思
英语典故能够帮助我们加深对英文的理解,提高学习的兴趣,我们不妨来看看英语典故中我们能够学习到什么接下来我分享英语名言引喻的典故给大家,希望大家多多学习!
all Greek to me
对我来说都是希腊文
出处与含义:
出自莎士比亚名句《尤里乌斯凯撒》Julius Caesar 1623第一幕第二场。剧中人物,古罗马统帅凯撒的背叛者凯歇斯Cassius问他的同党凯斯卡Casca:"西塞罗说了些什么" 凯斯卡说:“至于讲到我自己,这些对我都是希腊文。”意为一点都不懂,完全不能理解,一窍不通。
例句: if only he could have understood the doctor's jargon,the medical niceties but they were Greek to him---- like a legal problem to a laymanJohn Galsworthy
要是他能听懂医生的行话,了解医学上的细节就好了 可是医生这些话他一点都不懂,就像门外汉遇到了法律上的问题一样。
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