乐器 Musical Instruments
吉他 guitar
低音大提琴 contrabass
大提琴 cello
四弦琴 ukelele
钢琴 piano
电子琴 electronic organ
小提琴 violin
中提琴 viola
琵琶 lute
手风琴 accordion
风琴 organ
长笛 flute
低音喇叭 tuab
大鼓 bass drum
鼓 drums
http://zhidaobaiducom/question/105037620html 这有一篇
或者
My favourite instrument is gitaBecouse its cool appearenceIt can express different feelings throught different melody,just like human life
我最喜欢钢琴的优美旋律,它让我时时感觉紧张(因为旋律),时时放松然后融化我的心。钢琴有两种键, 白键和黑键
白键就像是冰欺凌而黑键就是上面的樱桃。
有这样的组合才能然弹出来的曲子有生命。这样的曲子让我觉得放松,而且带我到了另外一个世界,这就是为什么钢琴是我最喜欢的乐器
I love playing the piano because of it's beautiful melody that makes my heart intense, relax and melt Piano has two types of keys, the white keys, and the black keys The white keys are like the ice cream while the black keys are the cherrys on top With this perfect combination, the music being played comes alive The melody calms my nerves and brings me to a whole different world, and that's why piano is my favourite instrument
我最喜欢的乐器是钢琴,。因为凉爽的外观。它可以表达不同的情感通过不同的旋律,就像人类的生活。
我最喜欢钢琴的优美旋律,它让我时时感觉紧张(因为旋律),时时放松然后融化我的心。钢琴有两种键, 白键和黑键 白键就像是冰欺凌而黑键就是上面的樱桃。 有这样的组合才能然弹出来的曲子有生命。这样的曲子让我觉得放松,而且带我到了另外一个世界,这就是为什么钢琴是我最喜欢的乐器。
呃最后一段,你自己凑吧
吉他相关术语(中英)
accelerando (accel) 渐快的
a cappella 无伴奏合唱
absolute music 纯音乐,非标题音乐
absolute pitch 绝对音高(听觉)
abstract music 抽象音乐
accent 重音
accidental(s) 变音记号
accordion 手风琴
acoustics 声学
action 弦高,即弦距离指板的高度
adagietto 小柔板 (66拍/分钟)
adagio 柔板 (56拍/分钟)
Added-sixth chord 加六度和弦
allegretto 小快板 (108拍/分钟)
allegro 快板 (132拍/分钟)
allemande 阿勒曼德
altered chord 变和弦
Andalusia 安达露西亚 (西班牙地名)
andante 行板 (72拍/分钟)
andantino 小行板 (80拍/分钟)
animato 活泼的快板 (120拍/分钟)
Anti- impressionism 反印象主义
anticipation 先现音
anvil 乐砧
Aranjuez 阿兰胡埃斯 (吉他协奏曲)
aria 咏叹调
arpeggio 琶音
artist 艺术家
ascending 上行
assai 非常快的快板 (144拍/分钟),很
Asturias 阿斯图里亚斯 (西班牙地名)
atonality 无调性
augmentation 展开
augmented sixth chord 增六和弦
augmented triad 增三和弦
augmented 增(音程)
authentic cadence 正格终止
Bach, Johann Sebastian 约翰·塞巴斯第安·巴赫 [德国]
back 背板
ballata 叙事曲
ballet 芭蕾
band music 军乐
band 军乐队
bar 小节 (bar line小节线,measure)
bariton 男中音
Baroque 巴洛克
Barrueco, Manuel 马努埃·巴鲁埃科 [古巴]
bass 低音
bass clarinet 低音单簧管
bass clef 低音谱号
bass drum 大鼓
bass tuba 低音大号
bass 低音号
bass 男低音
bassoon 大管(巴松)
bel canto 美声
binary form 二段式,二部曲式(AB)
bitonality 双重调性
blues 布鲁斯
bongo 邦戈鼓
bourree 布列
brass wind instruments 铜管乐器
Brazilian 巴西的
Bream, Julian 朱里安·布里姆 [英国]
breve 二全音符
broken chord 分解和弦
Brouwer, Leo 里奥·布劳威尔 [古巴]
cadanza 华彩乐段 musical form 体裁
cadence 终止
canon 卡农
cantata 康塔塔
capriccio 随想曲
caprice 随想曲
castanets 响板
cedar 雪松
cello 大提琴
chaconne 恰空舞曲
chaconne 恰空
chimes 排钟
choir 合唱团
choral music 合唱音乐
choral 众赞歌
chord 和弦,和声
chord 和弦
chorus 合唱
chromatic half-tone 变化半音
chromatic interval 变化(音程)
chromatic scale 半音阶
chromatic tone 变化全音
chromatic 半音的
clarinet 单簧管(黑管)
classical 古典的
Classicism 古典主义
clavier (18世纪)键盘乐器
clef 谱号 (G clef, F clef, C clef)
climax 高潮
coda 尾声
coloratura soprano 花腔女高音
common meter 普通拍子 (4/4)
comparison 对比
complex tone 复音 (composite tone)
compound duple meter(s) 复二拍子(6/2,6/4,6/8)
compound interval 复音程
compound meter(s) 复拍子
compound quadruple meter(s) 复四拍子 (12/4,12/8,12/16)
compound triple meter(s) 复三 拍子(9/4,9/8)
concert master 首席
concerto 协奏曲
concerto, concierto 协奏曲
Concrete Music 具体音乐 Accidentalism 偶然主义
conductor 指挥
consonant 协和(音程、和弦)
contra C 大字二组C
contrabassoon 低音大管
Córdoba 科尔多巴 (西班牙地名)
cornet 短号
Coste, Napoléon 拿破仑·科斯特 [法国]
counterpoint 对位
courante 库朗特
crotchet 四分音符(quarter note,美)
cutaway 被切去的部分
cymbal 钹
deceptive cadence 伪终止
demisemiquaver 三十二分音符
descending 下行
development 发展
development 展开部
diatonic interval 自然(音程)
diatonic scale 自然音阶 passing tone 经过音
diminished seventh chord 减七和弦
diminished triad 减三和弦
diminished 减(音程)
disc 唱片,唱碟
disco 迪斯科 suite 组曲
dissonant 不协和(音程、和弦)
dominant seventh chord 属七和弦
dominant(V) 属音,属和弦
dot 附点
dotted note 附点音符
dotted rest 附点休止符
double bass tuba 倍低音大号
double bass 低音提琴 guitar 吉他
double dot 复附点
double mordent 复波音
double-augmented 倍增(音程)
double-diminished 倍减(音程)
double-flat 重降号
double-sharp 重升号
dramatic soprano 戏剧女高音
dramatic tenor 戏剧男高音
duet 二重奏
duet 二重奏
duo
duple meter(s) 二拍子 (2/2,2/4,2/8)
duplet 二连音
duration 时值
dynamic mark(s) 力度标记
dynamics 力度
ebony 乌木,乌檀
echo 回音,回声
eleventh 十一度
English horn 英国管
enharmonic intervals 等音程
enharmonic notes 等音
ensemble 合奏(团体)
equalizer 均衡器
estudio, etude 练习曲
etude 练习曲
euphonium 尤风宁号
exposition 呈示部
Expressionism 表现主义
false chord 假和弦 resolution 解决
fantasia 幻想曲
fifth 五度
fingerboard 指板
first inversion 第一转位
five-part form 五段式
fixed-do 固定唱名法 movable-do 音调唱名法
flat 降调
flat 降号
flute 长笛
four-line octave 小字四组 (four-line)
four-part form 四段式
fourth chord 四度和弦
fourth 四度
fox trot 狐步舞
French horn 圆号,法国号
frequency 频率
fret 品格
fugue 赋格
functional harmony 功能和声
fundamental(tone) 基音 (first partial)
Gallagher, Kevin R 凯文·盖拉格 [美国]
gigue 吉格
glissando 滑音
glockenspiel 钟琴
gong 锣
Goni, Antigoni 安提戈尼·戈尼 [希腊]
govotte 加沃特
Granada 格拉纳达 (西班牙地名)
grave 极慢板 (40拍/分钟)
great C 大字组C
guitar 吉他
guitarist 吉他演奏家,吉他手
guitarra 吉他,吉他拉
habanera 哈巴涅拉
half cadence 半终止
half-tone 半音
harmonic analysis 和声分析
harmonic interval 和声音程
harmonic sequence 和声模进
harmonic 和声的
harmony 和声学
harp 竖琴
harpsichord 拨弦古钢琴
head 符头
head,headstock 琴头
hemidemisemi quaver 六十四分音符 (sixty-fourth note,美)
homophonic music 主调音乐
homophony 主调
hook 符尾(tail)
imperfect cadence 不完全终止
Impressionism 印象主义
instrumental music 器乐
instrumentation 乐器法
intensity 强度
inter mezzo 间奏曲
interlude 间奏(曲)
interrupted cadence 阻碍终止
interval 音程
invention 创意曲
inversion 转位(complement)
inverted mordent 逆波音(lower mordent;
inverted turn 回音
irregular meter (不规则)混合拍子(7/4,11/7)
jazz 爵士乐
just intonation 纯律
kettle drum 定音鼓
key signature 调号
key 调
keyboard 键盘(乐)
lacquer 硝基漆,日本漆
larghetto 小广板 (60拍/分钟)
largo 广板 (46拍/分钟)
leading tone(VII) 导音,导和弦 (subtonic)
legato 连音,连奏
leger line(s) 加线 (ledger line(s))
lento 慢板 (52拍/分钟)
line 线
loudness 响度
lullaby 摇篮曲
lute 疏特琴
lyra 乐徽
lyric soprano 抒情女高音
madrigal 牧歌
maestoso 庄板 (88拍/分钟)
magic flute 魔笛
mahogany 桃花心木,红木
major 大调
major triad 大三和弦
major 大(音程)
major 大调
march 进行曲
marimba 玛林巴
mass 弥撒
mazurka 玛祖卡
McFadden, Jeffrey 杰夫瑞·麦克法登 [加拿大]
mediant (III) 中音,中音和弦
melodic contour 旋律轮廓
melodic interval 旋律音程
melodic progression 旋律进行
melodic sequence 旋律模进
melodic 旋律的
melody 旋律
meter 拍子 (time)
metronome 节拍器
Metronome 节拍机 (MM=Malzel’s ~)
mezzo soprano 次女高音,女中音
Microtonalism 微分音主义
minim 二分音符 (half note,美)
Minimalism 省略(简约)主义
minor 小调
minor triad 小三和弦
minor 小(音程)
minor 小调
minuet 小步舞曲
mode 调式(狭指教会调式;广指调式)
moderato 中板 (96拍/分钟)
modulation 转调
monophonic music 单声部音乐
mordent 波音(upper mordent)
motive 动机
movement 乐章
movement 乐章
multi-meter 变化拍子
musical form 曲式
musical instrument 乐器
musical tone 乐音
Nationalism in music 民族乐派
natural half-tone 自然半音
natural tone 自然全音
natural 自然的
nature 还原号 intonation 音准
neck 琴颈
neighboring tone 辅助音(auxiliary tone,upper or lower)
Neoclassicism 新古典主义
ninth chord 九和弦
ninth 九度
nocturn 夜曲
noise 噪音
notation 记谱法
note(s) 音符
nut 琴马
oboe 双簧管
octave 八度
octave 八度
one-lined octave 小字一组 (one-line)
one-part form 一段式,一部曲式
opera 歌剧
opus (Op) 作品
oratorio 清唱剧
orchestra 管弦乐队
orchestra 管弦乐队
orchestration 配器法
organ 风琴
ornament(s) 装饰音
overtone series 泛音列
overtone(s) 泛音
overture 序曲
Paganini, Niccolo 尼古罗·帕格尼尼 [意大利]
Papandreou, Elena 艾琳娜·帕潘德里欧 [希腊]
parallel keys 同主音调
Parkening, Christopher 克里斯托弗·帕肯宁 [美国]
partial(s) 分音(partial tone)
passacaglia 帕萨卡利亚
passion 受难曲
pause 延长号(hold, fermata)
pedal 踏板
peg 弦轴
pentatonic 五声的
percussion(s) 打击乐
perfect cadence 完全终止
perfect 完全,纯(音程)
period 乐段
phrase 乐句
phrasing 分句
piano 钢琴
piccolo 短笛
pick 拾音器
pipe organ 管风琴
pitch name 音名
pitch 音高
plagal cadence 变格终止
Platino, Franco 富兰科·普拉提诺 [意大利]
podium 指挥台
Pointillism 点描派
polka 波尔卡
polonaise 波洛涅兹
polyphonic music 复调音乐
polyphony 复调
polytonality 多调性
Ponce, Manuel 马努埃·庞塞 [墨西哥]
prelude 前奏曲
prelude 前奏(曲)
presto 急板 (184拍/分钟)
Primitivism 原始主义
program music 标题音乐
psychoacoustics 心理声学
pure tone 纯音
purfling 镶边,环饰
quadruple meter(s) 四拍子 (4/2,4/4,4/8)
quadruplet 四连音
quarter-sawn 将(原木)纵向锯成四块再锯成木板的
quartet 四重奏
quaver 八分音符 (eighth note,美)
quintet 五重奏
quintuple meter 五拍子
quintuplet 五连音
range 音域(compass)
rattle 摇响器
Realism 现实主义
recapitulation 再现部
recitative 宣叙调
Recuerdos de la Alhambra 《阿尔罕布拉宫的回忆》
reduction 改编(缩编)
register 音区
reguiem 安魂曲
relative keys 关系大小调
relative pitch 相对音高(听觉)
Renaissance 文艺复兴
repertoire 保留曲目,全部曲目
repetition 重复
rest(s) 休止符
rhapsody 狂想曲
rhythm 节奏
rhythmic pattern 节奏型
Rococo 洛可可
Rodrigo, Joaquin 胡埃金·罗德里戈 [西班牙]
Romanticism 浪漫主义
Romero, Angel 安杰尔·罗梅罗 [西班牙]
Romero, Celedonio 塞拉多尼奥·罗梅罗 [西班牙]
Romero, Celin 塞林·罗梅罗 [西班牙]
Romero, Pepe 佩佩·罗梅罗 [西班牙]
rondo form 回旋曲式(ABACA)
rondo sonata form 回旋奏鸣曲式
root position 原位
root 根音(fundamental)
rosette 音孔环饰,玫瑰花饰
rosewood 玫瑰木,青龙木,黑黄檀
rounded binary form (有再现的)二段式
rumba 伦巴
Russel, David 大卫·罗素 [英国]
sarabande 萨拉班德
saxophone 萨克斯管
scale degree (调式)音级
scale step 音级(音级数:number of scale step)
scale 音阶
scherzo 谐谑曲
score 乐谱
score 总谱
second inversion 第二转位
second 二度
Segovia, Andrés 安德列斯·塞戈维亚 [西班牙]
semibreve 全音符 (whole note,美)
semiquaver 十六分音符(sixteenth note,美)
septuplet 七连音
sequence 模进
serenade 小夜曲,月下情歌
serenade 小夜曲
Serialism 序列主义
seventh chord 七和弦
seventh 七度
Seville 塞维利亚 (西班牙地名)
sextuplet 六连音
sharp 升调
sharp 升号
side 侧板
side drum 小鼓
sight-singing 视唱
simple interval 单音程
simple meter(s) 单拍子
sixth chord 六和弦
sixth 六度
sixth-four chord 四六和弦
small c 小字组c
Sllscher, Gran 戈兰·索舍尔 [瑞典]
solo 独奏
solo 独奏(唱)
sonata form 奏鸣曲式
sonata 奏鸣曲
sonatina 小奏鸣曲
songs without word 无词歌
soprano 女高音
Sor, Fernando 费尔南多·索尔 [西班牙]
sostenuto 持音
sound 音
space 间
Spanish 西班牙的
spruce 云杉
staccato 断音,断奏
staff 五线谱
staff 乐谱
stage 舞台
stem 符干
step 音级(scale step, degree)
string 琴弦
stringed instruments 弦乐器
Violin 小提琴:A stringed instrument played with a bow, having four strings tuned at intervals of a fifth, an unfretted fingerboard, and a shallower body than the viol and capable of great flexibility in range, tone, and dynamics 用弓演奏的一种弦乐器,四根弦,按五度音程调音,指板无品,形体较古提琴浅,音域、音色和强弱相当灵活。
Viola 中提琴:A stringed instrument of the violin family, slightly larger than a violin, tuned a fifth lower, and having a deeper, more sonorous tone 提琴家族中的一种弦乐器,稍大于小提琴,调音比小提琴低五度,声音更为深沉、洪亮。
Cello 大提琴:A four-stringed instrument of the violin family, pitched lower than the viola but higher than the double bass 一种提琴类四弦乐器,音调比中提琴低但比低音提琴高。
Double bass 低音提琴或大贝司:The largest bowed stringed instrument in the modern orchestra, also used frequently in jazz ensembles, especially played pizzicato The double bass, usually considered a member of the violin family, is tuned in fourths and has the sloping shoulders and flat back characteristic of the viols It has a deep range beginning about three octaves below middle C 尤用于拨奏的现代管弦乐队的最大弓弦乐器,也常用于爵士乐合奏。低音提琴通常被算作提琴类,定弦为四度,颈部倾斜和背平是低音提琴的特点。它有始于中央C音以下三个八度的深度范围。
flute 长笛:A high-pitched woodwind instrument consisting of a slender tube closed at one end with keys and finger holes on the side and an opening near the closed end across which the breath is blown 由一根一端封闭的纤细管子组成的高音木管乐器,侧边有按键和指孔,靠近封闭端有一个使气流进入的开口。
piccolo 短笛:A small flute pitched an octave above a regular flute 一种音调比普通笛子高八度音的小笛子。
clarinet 单簧管:A woodwind instrument having a straight, cylindrical tube with a flaring bell and a single-reed mouthpiece, played by means of finger holes and keys 单簧管,黑管一种管乐器,有直的圆筒形管身和一个外敞的管口及一个单簧吹口,以指孔和键的方式演奏。
oboe 双簧管:A slender woodwind instrument with a conical bore and a double reed mouthpiece, having a range of three octaves and a penetrating, poignant sound 带有一个圆锥形孔和双簧管吹口的细小的木管乐器,具有三个八度音域和穿透力强而尖利的声音。
English horn 英国管:A double-reed woodwind instrument similar to but larger than the oboe and pitched lower by a fifth 一种双簧的木制管乐器,类似于双簧管,但音高比双簧管低五度。
bassoon或fogotto 大管:A low-pitched woodwind instrument with a double reed, having a long wooden body attached to a U-shaped lateral tube that leads to the mouthpiece The range of this instrument is typically two octaves lower than that of the oboe 巴松管,低音管一种低调的有双簧的木管乐器,有长的木质管身并与通向吹口的侧面管身相连,这种乐器的音域范围比双簧管明显的低两个八音度。
double bassoon 低音大管:The largest and lowest pitched of the double-reed wind instruments, sounding an octave below the bassoon 双簧管系管乐器中音高最低的也是最大的乐器,比低音管的音高低一个八度。
horn或French horn 圆号或法国圆号:A valved brass wind instrument that produces a mellow tone from a long, narrow tube that is coiled in a circle before ending in a flaring bell 一种有活瓣的铜管乐器,从漩涡形且端部有喇叭口的又长又细的管子里发出圆润的乐音。
trumpet 小号:A soprano brass wind instrument consisting of a long metal tube looped once and ending in a flared bell, the modern type being equipped with three valves for producing variations in pitch 一种高音铜管乐器,由一根从前为环状的金属管和呈喇叭口得末端构成,现代小号上装有三个活瓣以制造不同的音高。
cornet 短号:A wind instrument of the trumpet class, having three valves operated by pistons 号类的一种管乐器,有三个用活塞控制的栓塞。
trombone 长号:A brass instrument consisting of a long cylindrical tube bent upon itself twice, ending in a bell-shaped mouth, and having a movable U-shaped slide for producing different pitches 一种铜管乐器,由弯曲两次的长圆筒形金属管构成,尾部有喇叭形口,有一个可滑动的U 形拉管,可发出不同音高的音。
tuba 大号:A large, valved, brass wind instrument with a bass pitch 大型带活塞的低音铜管乐器。
harp 竖琴:An instrument consisting of an upright, open triangular frame with usually 46 strings of graded lengths played by plucking with the fingers 一种有一个通常系有四十六根长短不一的琴弦的直立的开放三角架、弹奏时用手指拨动琴弦的乐器。
piano 钢琴:An instrument with a manual keyboard actuating hammers that strike wire strings, producing sounds that may be softened or sustained by means of pedals 一种乐器,用手操作键盘驱动打击钢丝线产生声音,可以通过踏瓣的方式调轻声音或使之持续不断。
organ 风琴:An instrument consisting of a number of pipes that sound tones when supplied with air and a keyboard that operates a mechanism controlling the flow of air to the pipes 一种由一定数量的靠输送气流发声的管子和一个操纵机械装置以使气流通过管子的键盘构成的乐器。
harpsichord 羽管键琴:A stringed instrument resembling a grand piano but usually having two keyboards and two or more strings for each note and producing tones by the plucking of strings with plectra一种卧式竖琴型或梯形的键盘乐器,类似三角钢琴,但通常有两层键盘(部分为一层,及其个别亦有三层)和两套或更多的弦(每套发出不同音质的音),通过羽管或皮制拨子(拨子连接一顶重器,一般为一根直立的木杆)拨弦,赖琴键内端推动发声。
glockenspiel 钟琴:A percussion instrument with a series of metal bars tuned to the chromatic scale and played with two light hammers 按半音阶调准的分级金属棒构成的打击乐器,用两个轻槌击奏。
xylophone 木琴:A percussion instrument consisting of a mounted row of wooden bars graduated in length to sound a chromatic scale, played with two small mallets 一种打击乐器,由逐级加长的一排排镶嵌的木棒组成,并发出半音音阶,用两个小木槌敲击。
bass drum 大鼓:A large drum having a cylindrical body and two heads and producing a low, resonant sound 一种大鼓,有个圆筒形鼓身和两个面,并能发出低沉的、共鸣的声音。
tambourine 铃鼓:An instrument consisting of a small drumhead with jingling disks that are fitted into the rim It is shaken with one hand and struck with the other 小手鼓,一种由边缘嵌有能叮当作响的小金属片的小鼓面构成的一种乐器,演奏时人们一只手摇它而另一只手敲它。
lute 鲁特琴(中文的琵琶也译做lute):A stringed instrument having a body shaped like a pear sliced lengthwise and a neck with a fretted fingerboard that is usually bent just below the tuning pegs 一种纵向削制的形状如梨的拨弦乐器,琴颈上有定音档的指板,通常弯曲于调音单轴之下。
mandolin 曼陀林:An instrument with a usually pear-shaped body and a fretted neck over which several pairs of strings are stretched 常是梨形琴身,在有格纹的琴颈上装有几组供挑拨的琴弦。
guitar 吉他:An instrument having a large, flat-backed sound box similar in shape to a violin, a long fretted neck, and usually six strings, played by strumming or plucking 一种具有大而平的音箱的乐器,形状与小提琴相似,琴颈长,通常有六根弦,为弹拨乐器。
erhu:二胡 Bowed, two-string fiddle from China, with its bow hairs fixed between the strings; rests on the leg while playing
Fiddle:费德罗小提琴 English name for the Violin, originated from the Latin Vitula The French words Vielle and later Viol are also from the same Latin root
flute:长笛 The flute is a cylindrical metal tube closed at one end that is held horizontally and blown across the mouth hole
Gu Zheng:古筝 Lonng Chinese zither, typically with 21 strings, also known simply as Zheng (Gu meaning ancient) Related to Japanese Koto
Harmonica:口琴 the first of the modern European free reed instruments a block of 10 or more double sided reeds, mouth blown
Marimbas 马琳吧木琴A modern commercially manufactured, fully resonated orchestral xylophone
piano:钢琴 Keyboard instrument whose strings are struck with hammers controlled by a keyboard mechanism; pedals control dampers in the strings that stop the sound when the finger releases the key
keyboard instrument:键盘乐器 Instrument sounded by means of a keyboard (a series of keys played with the fingers) The most commonly recognized keyboard instruments are the piano, organ, harpsichord and synthesizer, a recent invention
organ:风琴 Wind instrument in which air is fed to the pipes by mechanical means; the pipes are controlled by two or more keyboards and a set of pedals
string family:弦乐器类 The members of the string family include two types of instruments: bowed and plucked The standard bowed string instruments, from highest to lowest, are violin, viola, cello and double bass The harp and guitar are common plucked string instruments String instruments often play special effects, including trill, pizzicato, harmonic and arpeggio Also chordophone
violin:小提琴 The violin's four strings are set in vibration (usually one at a time) by drawing a bow across them with the right hand while the fingers of the left hand stop the strings, changing its vibrate length and thus the pitch
vibraphone:颤音琴 A percussion instrument with metal bars and electrically driven rotating propellers under each bar that produces a vibrato sound, much used in jazz
1、Viola
中提琴,擦奏弦鸣乐器。提琴族中的中音乐器,外形及结构与小提琴基本相同,只是形体略大。五度定弦为c、g、d1、a1,琴身长度一般为425厘米。
中提琴的音色比小提琴更厚实、温暖而丰满,指法和运弓与小提琴基本相同。中提琴从比中央C低八度音程的C开始,每根弦间隔五度音程,依次为C、G、D及A音,比小提琴低五度,而比大提琴高了八度。
2、Cello
大提琴,为西洋乐器,是管弦乐队中必不可少的次中音或低音弦乐器,属提琴族乐器里的下中音乐器。大提琴音色浑厚丰满,具有开朗的性格,擅长演奏抒情的旋律,表达深沉而复杂的感情,也与低音提琴共同担负和声的低音声部,有"音乐贵妇"之称。
3、Electric guitar
电吉他是现代科学技术的产物,从外型到音响都与传统的吉他有着明显的差别。琴体使用新硬木制成,配有音量、音高调节器(琴钮)以及颤音结构(摇杆)等装置。配合效果器的使用,电吉他有很强的表现力,在现代音乐中有很重要的位置。现在多用于歌曲伴奏。
4、Bass
贝斯(Bass) 是乐队中一般必不可少的乐器之一,它在乐队中主要担任低音声部,有时也作即兴独奏。传统爵士乐一般都采用原声贝司(即低音提琴)来体现它的原始风味。而在现代爵士乐(特别是融合爵士)中经常运用电贝斯或电子合成器中的合成贝斯音。
5、Harp
竖琴(英:Harp,意:Arpa,德:Harfe,波斯:چنگ),是一种大型弹弦乐器。竖琴是世界上最古老的拨弦乐器之一,起源于古波斯(伊朗),据埃及古图记载,此种乐器出现于公元前三、四千年。当时的形状犹如一个有弦之弓。
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