情感策略在初中语文阅读教学中的运用_浅谈初中语文教学策略

情感策略在初中语文阅读教学中的运用_浅谈初中语文教学策略,第1张

  在新课程标准理念的指导下,现在的语文课堂教学有了很大改观,教师肢解课文,进行烦琐分析的现象已不再充斥课堂。不过在阅读教学中有些教师仍然以一种漠然的态度俯视学生,无视学生的情感体验与文本的情感因素,致使一篇篇富有鲜活生命力的课文变得枯燥无味,学生学习没有兴趣,使语文教学缺乏应有的活力。其实语文教学是师生互动、思想碰撞、心灵交流的过程。在这种相互交流的过程中,情感是一种不可缺少的因素。没有情感,也就没有教育。那么作为语文教师,如何在语文课堂教学中,运用情感策略,让教师与学生、学生与文本、学生与学生之间形成真正的双元互动,以达到最佳的教学效果,也就成了当前语文教学研究的重要课题之一。下面我结合自己的教学研究实践,提出一些浅见与同仁探讨。

一、教师要调控好自身的情感状态,激发学生的积极情感

古人云:“感人心者莫先乎情。”教师在教学过程中一定要注重情感投入,以一种积极乐观的态度去对待工作和学生。只有这样,才能在教学中表现出快乐、饱满、振奋的情绪状态。教师在积极、愉悦的情绪状态下,往往会在备课时思路开阔并有创新、教学时方法巧妙恰到好处、总结时语言精美富有启示,从而达到以情启智的效果。正如全国特级教师斯霞所说:“只有热爱自己的事业,热爱自己的学生,才能在内心深处迸发出一股强大的力量,如饥似渴地学习,刻苦地备课,认真地上课,细致地批改作业,耐心地辅导,努力改进教学方法,置终日劳累而不顾并自感乐在其中”。同时教师的这种积极情感会感染学生,使学生也处于积极、愉悦、兴趣浓厚、精神饱满的情绪状态中,在教师潜移默化的影响下,往往会产生一种学习动力,促进认知和身心的发展。在教学过程中,我们可以通过如下手段释放教师的积极情感:

1.注重创设和谐的氛围,为情感沟通奠定基础。要创设一种和谐的氛围,教师就应树立师生平等的教学观念,构建平等对话的教学平台,让学生在和谐的、宽松的课堂里遨游,欣赏学习语文的美。如果师生不是平等的朋友式的关系,心理的距离必然会增大,心灵上达不到沟通,这将极大地阻碍学生的学习发展与人格建立。马斯洛健康心理学告诉我们:任何一个健康心理都有一些需要,当满足了基本需要,一个更高的需要才得以出现。满足了师生间的平等、互尊、合作的需要时,学生才会发展自尊、自重。学生的情感需要得到满足,在和谐的环境里,才会轻松地、愉快地投入学习,达到最佳的学习效果。

2.使用充满情感的语言激励学生。语言是心灵沟通和情感交流的工具。同样一句话,可以说得平淡如水,让人觉得是在应付,也可以说得激情满怀,让人觉得是有感而发。因此,教师在课堂上要根据教学内容运用简洁、生动、富有感染力的语言,或亲切平易,或厚重深沉,或慷慨激昂,或轻松愉快,表达自己的情感和教学内容中蕴含的情感,从而最有效地激发和培养学生的情感。充满情感色彩的语言往往具有激励性,在教学中对学生的回答尽可能给予肯定,如:“你的想法很独特”、“你读得太好了,老师都被感动了”这样由衷的赞赏,会让学生体验到成功的喜悦。

3.妙用“态势语”表达积极的情感。语言学家研究表明,人们之间的交际效果20%取决于有声语言,而80%取决于无声语言。教师若在课堂上巧妙运用态势语,会增加课堂教学的魅力。有时,老师一个发自内心的微笑、一个含有深意的眼神、一个优美得体的手势、不经意间做出的一个动作,都可能会给学生带来十分微妙的影响。态势语运用得好,会收到“此处无声胜有声”的效果。

二、教师要努力挖掘课文的情感因素,引导学生体验情感

文章不是无情物。选入语文教材中的文章,大都蕴含着作家们的深层思索,流淌着他们的真实情感。在大多数情况下,语文课堂教学可以分解为对一篇篇课文的阅读教学,而真正意义上的阅读是一种沟通与交流。因此,教师要引导学生与作者进行心灵的对话、精神的交流,从而走进作品,感受和理解作品表现的思想情感。在语文课堂上教师应从以下几方面入手:

1.要设置问题情境,激发学生的阅读兴趣。兴趣是学习的先导。“知之者不如好之者,好之者不如乐之者”,教师在教学过程中应努力启发学生的“好之”、“乐之”。而“好之”、“乐之”的前提是问题意识。教师应从“学生为本”的教学理念出发,深入品读、理解教材,以教师特殊的“职业眼光”挖掘出教材中宝贵的情感因素,设计一些源于文本而又超越文本,直入学生心灵的问题,给学生创造思考、交流、批判、反思、质疑的机会。让学生在一次次的情感体验中,在潜移默化中,心灵得以陶冶,灵魂得以升华。如一位教师在教学《岳阳楼记》时,引导学生运用换位思考的方式,站在古人的立场设想一下,如果自己处在范仲淹的情景中,会不会像他一样坚持理想?有没有他的豁达胸怀?这样设身处地为古人想过之后,学生就能体会古人所抒发情感的意义与价值所在,同时也为他的爱国精神和以天下为己任的高尚情操感染。

2.强化朗读与品读,让学生自主感悟、体验情感。《语文课程标准》指出:“阅读是学生的个性化行为,应让学生在主动积极的思维和情感活动中,加深理解和体验,有所感悟和思考,受到情感熏陶,获得思想启迪,享受审美乐趣。要珍视学生独特的感受、体验和理解。”教师针对每篇文章的特点,应让学生有充分的时间去读,可以采取自由读、分组读、集体读的方法,读出气势,读出情感,在“读”中产生共鸣,从而发现其中蕴含的美。通过不同方式的朗读,学生就可以初步感受到文学作品的社会美、自然美、人性美及文章的语言美、意境美和结构美,激发出心灵深处美的情感。所以,在引导学生初读课文的基础上,要让学生深入朗读、品味课文,在品读中加深对课文情感的体验。

3.利用多媒体教学手段创设情景,使学生进入作品描绘的情境,体会情感。当前,我们可以充分利用多媒体声、形、光、色的优势,制作与教学内容相关的课件,不仅使教学内容更加生动活泼,而且,多媒体给学生提供了视觉和听觉方面的刺激,把课文内容变成画面与声音交相呼应的宽松的学习场所,学生如闻其声,如临其境,大大激活了课堂的学习氛围,学生的学习兴趣被推向高潮。他们带着愉快的心情,积极主动地参与到学习中来。

如在引导学生学习《斑羚飞渡》中的关键语段时,播放课件:在悲壮的乐曲声中,随着镰刀头羊一声凄惨的“咩”叫,画面出现了一头老年斑羚与一头年轻斑羚飞渡的情景,同时在两座山崖之间呈现了一道绚丽的彩虹,此时学生融入了一个声、形、光、色等凝成的氛围,整个心灵受到震撼。乐曲的旋律连同这幅悲壮的场景,定格在学生心灵深处,为动物那种精神而感叹的情感油然而生,情感体验被推向高潮。

总之,情感教育是语文教学的灵魂,它对培养学生健康的情感态度价值观有着十分重大的意义,因此情感是语文教学中不可缺少的,而且教师的情感、文本的情感、学生的情感在教学中缺一不可,这就要求教师首先找准文本情感基调,并对它们传递的情和意深有领悟,然后以此为契机,运用多样化的教学方法,引发学生的情感共鸣,最终达到教师、文本与学生情感的相互交融。因此在教学中,教师只有以情激情,感染学生,从而产生情感互动效应,让语文课堂教学充满生命的活力,才能使学生在情感的驱使中学习语言,使学生从中获取情感与人文精神的养料,丰富他们的感情世界,开启艺术想象力,培养他们良好的人文素质。

3, metacognitive strategies

Metacognition is the mainstay of their psychological state, capability, mission objectives, strategies and other aspects of cognitive awareness and understanding of their various activities of the plan, monitoring, evaluation and adjustment, metacognitive strategy is on the cognitive process The knowledge and the adoption of plans, monitoring, evaluation process of adjustment Metacognition excellent strategy in the use of the language learners more, in language they can focus on learning activities, to plan and carry out a full preview, pay attention to language input and output, and can correctly evaluate their own learning, learning Plans and learning in However, the general students is the lack of this knowledge, they study the dependence of the great teachers Therefore, teachers in the teaching, we should pay attention to the most appropriate students metacognitive knowledge and experience Metacognition, in general, metacognitive strategies include the following:

(1) develop study plans

(2) self-evaluation

(3) of personality characteristics, choose their own learning strategies

(B) support strategy

1, compensation strategy

Compensation strategy so that language learners in the new knowledge limited circumstances to use new language This strategy began in students learning English at a relatively higher number of applications, because at the beginning of learning English will feel very fresh, like his Gang Xuehui words or phrases on various occasions "show" But with the passage of time This interest gradually diminish, and China's English teaching in the exam-oriented education under the influence of their study is designed to gain high marks in examinations, but not for a lack of communication and students in English communication environment So in life and rarely used in the study, the school is "dumb English", which has drawn attention to the vast number of English teachers

2, social strategy

My students do not often use social strategies This may be where our students learn the language relating to the environment Students in an English as a foreign language learning environment, in addition to formal learning outside the classroom, it is difficult to have the opportunity in natural communication environment for learning English However, this situation may be with China's accession to the WTO may change After the GATT, the importance of English, will be need for more people aware, and as a communication tool will become necessary in life Some localities in this area have come in the front Sichuan, Chongqing, as is the primary employment of foreign teachers to take students with the opportunity to exchange with foreigners, improve their level of English language learning

3, emotional strategy

Emotional strategy is used to refer to learners regulate and manage emotions, feelings, and so on the way, it is conducive to cultivating students actively involved in language learning activities in the necessary motivation, self-confidence and perseverance, so it's an important impact on language learning, regardless of How that can not be overemphasized Successful language learners know how to control their emotions, emotional and learning attitudes However, many students have been varying degrees of emotional problems For example, excessive anxiety, loss of self-confidence, and so on, and some students even have a serious psychological disorder Students rarely used emotional strategy, it may be because they do not realize that emotional strategy in the language of the importance of learning activities, or to help study the various strategies did not understand the emotion Therefore, in the future in foreign language teaching, students should be encouraged through strategies to reduce feelings of anxiety, such as enhanced self-confidence to regulate their emotions, so as to provide coordination of language learning indirect support Generally speaking, emotional strategies include the following:

(1) establish the confidence of foreign language learning

(2) foreign language training for the positive attitude

(3) understand the significance of foreign language learning

(4) be good at learning foreign languages found in the fun

(5) in Foreign Language Learning to overcome shyness and anxiety

(6) the use of foreign languages, are not afraid of making mistakes

(7) and to adjust their attention to foreign language learning in the mood

(8) understand the feelings of others

(9) happy to provide assistance to other students

Generally speaking, China's strategy for secondary school students learning English has more than several, which is based on the method and OXFORD with my students on the use of the Of course, different researchers certainly have different points of view The question now is how are we going to allow students access to learning strategies

概念不同。

1、情感管理策略是指一系列的行为和技巧,用于管理和控制自己的情绪,以便更好地应对各种情境和挑战。情感管理策略包括认知重构、情绪调节、行为控制等方面的技巧,旨在帮助个人更好地理解和控制自己的情绪,以便更好地适应生活和工作。

2、情感策略则是指在特定情境下,采取的一系列行为和技巧,以便更好地表达和传达自己的情感和意愿。情感策略包括积极表达、有效沟通、情感共鸣等方面的技巧,旨在帮助个人更好地表达自己的情感和意愿,以便更好地与他人沟通和交流。

形式不同,侧重不同。

1、形式不同。情感策略重感情爱好,择善而从,喜好不同,感情不同的交友策略,交际策略是多元化全方位广泛社交策略。

2、侧重不同。情感策略侧重人性化,个性化交往理念,交际策略侧重公关公益活动等社交策略。

目的和应用场景不同。

情感策略和情感管理策略都是人们在某种情境下有意识地采取的情感表达方式,但它们的目的和应用场景不同。情感策略是为了达到某种目标,而情感管理策略则是为了解决情感问题或者提升个人情感素质。

情感策略是指在特定情境下,为达到特定目标,而有意识地采用的情感表达方式。

欢迎分享,转载请注明来源:浪漫分享网

原文地址:https://hunlipic.com/qinggan/4276115.html

(0)
打赏 微信扫一扫微信扫一扫 支付宝扫一扫支付宝扫一扫
上一篇 2023-08-22
下一篇2023-08-22

发表评论

登录后才能评论

评论列表(0条)

    保存