英文写作翻译频道为大家整理的关于h7n9的英语作文翻译:人感染H7N9禽流感诊疗方案,供大家参考!
H7N9来势汹汹,人感染H7N9禽流感是由H7N9亚型禽流感病毒引起的急性呼吸道传染病。现在我们需要了解H7N9的根本然后来做出相对应的预防措施,下面让我们来了解一下吧。
H7N9 break in in full fury, human infection with the H7N9 avian influenza is an acute respiratory tract caused by avian influenza H7N9 virus infection Now we need to understand the H7N9 fundamental and then make the corresponding preventive measures, let us to know about it
一、病原学
A, etiology
禽流感病毒属正粘病毒科甲型流感病毒属。禽甲型流感病毒颗粒呈多形性,其中球形直径80~120nm,有囊膜。基因组为分节段单股负链RNA。依据其外膜血凝素(H)和神经氨酸酶(N)蛋白抗原性不同,目前可分为16个H亚型(H1~H16)和9个N亚型(N1~N9)。禽甲型流感病毒除感染禽外,还可感染人、猪、马、水貂和海洋哺乳动物。可感染人的禽流感病毒亚型为H5N1、H9N2、H7N7、H7N2、H7N3,此次报道的为人感染H7N9禽流感病毒。该病毒为新型重配病毒,其内部基因来自于H9N2禽流感病毒。
Avian influenza virus belonging to Orthomyxoviridae influenza a virus Avian influenza A virus particles were polymorphic, the spherical diameter of 80 ~ 120nm, capsule Genome is segmented negative-stranded RNA On the basis of the outer membrane of hemagglutinin (H) and neuraminidase (N) proteins are antigenically different, can be divided into 16 subtypes of H (H1 to H16) and 9 N subtypes (N1 ~ N9) Avian influenza A virus in avian, can also be infected people, pigs, horses, mink and marine mammals Infection of human avian influenza virus subtype H5N1, H9N2, H7N7, H7N2, H7N3, the reported human infection with the H7N9 avian influenza virus This virus was a new reassortant virus, its internal genes from H9N2 avian influenza virus
禽流感病毒普遍对热敏感,对低温抵抗力较强,65℃加热30分钟或煮沸(100℃)2分钟以上可灭活。病毒在较低温度粪便中可存活1周,在4℃水中可存活1个月,对酸性环境有一定抵抗力,在pH40的条件下也具有一定的存活能力。在有甘油存在的情况下可保持活力1年以上。
Avian influenza virus is sensitive to heat, strong resistance of low temperature, 65 ℃ for 30 minutes or boiling (100 ℃) for more than 2 minutes can be inactivated The virus in the lower temperature in feces can survive for 1 weeks, in 4 ℃ water can survive for 1 months, have a certain resistance to the acidic environment, but also has a certain ability to survive under the conditions of pH40 In the presence of glycerol can keep the activity of 1 years
二、流行病学
Two, epidemiology
(一)传染源。目前尚不明确,根据以往经验及本次病例流行病学调查,推测可能为携带H7N9禽流感病毒的禽类及其分泌物或排泄物。
(a) the source of infection It is not clear, according to a survey of past experience and the epidemiological, presumably to carry the H7N9 avian influenza virus in poultry and its secretion or excretion
(二)传播途径。经呼吸道传播,也可通过密切接触感染的禽类分泌物或排泄物等被感染,直接接触病毒也可被感染。现尚无人与人之间传播的确切证据。
(two) transmission Spread through the respiratory tract, and also can be infected through close contact with infected birds secretion or excretion, direct contact with the virus can also be infected There is no evidence of communication between now and the
(三)易感人群。目前尚无确切证据显示人类对H7N9禽流感病毒易感。现有确诊病例均为成人。
(three) the susceptible population At present there is no conclusive evidence of human H7N9 avian influenza virus susceptibility The confirmed cases were adult
(四)高危人群 。现阶段主要是从事禽类养殖、销售、宰杀、加工业者,以及在发病前1周内接触过禽类者。
(four) high risk population At the present stage is mainly engaged in poultry breeding, slaughter, processing, sales, as well as in the 1 week prior to the onset of contact with poultry
三、临床表现
Three, clinical manifestation
根据流感的潜伏期及现有H7N9禽流感病毒感染病例的调查结果,潜伏期一般为7天以内。
Based on the results of the investigation during the incubation period and the existing H7N9 avian influenza virus infection, incubation period is generally 7 days
(一) 一般表现。
(a) the general performance
患者一般表现为流感样症状,如发热,咳嗽,少痰,可伴有头痛、肌肉酸痛和全身不适。重症患者病情发展迅速,表现为重症肺炎,体温大多持续在39℃以上,出现呼吸困难,可伴有咯血痰;可快速进展出现急性呼吸窘迫综合征、纵隔气肿、脓毒症、休克、意识障碍及急性肾损伤等。
Patients typically present with flu-like symptoms, such as fever, cough, less sputum, accompanied by headache, muscle pain and malaise Patients with severe illness development is rapid, manifested as severe pneumonia, mostly persistent temperature over 39 ℃, difficulty in breathing, may be accompanied by hemoptysis sputum; rapid progress in acute respiratory distress syndrome, mediastinal emphysema, sepsis, shock, disturbance of consciousness and acute kidney injury
(二)实验室检查。
(two) laboratory
1血常规。白细胞总数一般不高或降低。重症患者多有白细胞总数及淋巴细胞减少,并有血小板降低。
1 blood Total white cell count in general is not high or lower Many patients with severe and the total number of lymphocytes decreased white blood cells, and platelets
2血生化检查。多有肌酸激酶、乳酸脱氢酶、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶、丙氨酸氨基转移酶升高,C反应蛋白升高,肌红蛋白可升高。
2 blood biochemical examination There are many creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase elevated C, elevated C-reactive protein, myoglobin can increase
3病原学检测。
Study 3 pathogen detection
(1)核酸检测。对患者呼吸道标本(如鼻咽分泌物、口腔含漱液、气管吸出物或呼吸道上皮细胞)采用real time PCR(或RT-PCR)检测到H7N9禽流感病毒核酸。
(1) nucleic acid detection In patients with respiratory specimens (such as nasopharyngeal secretions, oral gargle, tracheal aspirate or respiratory epithelial cells) using real time PCR (or RT-PCR) to the H7N9 avian influenza virus nucleic acid detection
(2)病毒分离。从患者呼吸道标本中分离H7N9禽流感病毒。
(2) virus isolation The separation of H7N9 avian influenza virus from patients with respiratory tract specimens
(三)胸部影像学检查。发生肺炎的患者肺内出现片状影像。重症患者病变进展迅速,呈双肺多发磨玻璃影及肺实变影像,可合并少量胸腔积液。发生ARDS时,病变分布广泛。
(three) the chest imaging Pneumonia patients of lung lamellar image In patients with severe lesions rapidly, a double multiple pulmonary ground-glass opacity and consolidation of lung image, with a small amount of pleural effusion The occurrence of ARDS, lesions are widely distributed
(四)预后。人感染H7N9禽流感重症患者预后差。影响预后的因素可能包括患者年龄、基础疾病、合并症等。
(four) the prognosis Of human infection with H7N9 avian influenza patients with poor prognosis Prognostic factors may include patient age, underlying diseases, complications
四、诊断与鉴别诊断
Four, diagnosis and differential diagnosis
(一)诊断。根据流行病学接触史、临床表现及实验室检查结果,可作出人感染H7N9禽流感的诊断。在流行病学史不详的情况下,根据临床表现、辅助检查和实验室检测结果,特别是从患者呼吸道分泌物标本中分离出H7N9禽流感病毒,或H7N9禽流感病毒核酸检测阳性,可以诊断。
(a) diagnosis According to the epidemiological contact history, clinical manifestations and laboratory test results, can make the diagnosis of human infection with the H7N9 avian influenza In the history of epidemiology of unknown circumstances, according to the detection results of clinical manifestation, auxiliary examination and laboratory, especially H7N9 avian influenza viruses isolated from patients with respiratory tract secretion samples, or nucleic acid of H7N9 avian influenza virus detection, diagnosis
1流行病学史。发病前1周内与禽类及其分泌物、排泄物等有接触史。
1 epidemiological history 1 week prior to the onset of poultry and its secretion and excretion, contact history
2诊断标准。
2 diagnostic standards
(1)疑似病例:符合上述临床症状及血常规、生化及胸部影像学特征,甲型流感病毒通用引物阳性并排除了季节性流感,可以有流行病学接触史。
(1) cases of suspected: meet the characteristics of the clinical symptoms and blood routine, biochemical and imaging of the chest, influenza virus a universal primer positive and eliminate the seasonal flu, can have the epidemiological contact history
(2)确诊病例:符合疑似病例诊断标准,并且呼吸道分泌物标本中分离出H7N9禽流感病毒或H7N9禽流感病毒核酸检测阳性。
(2) cases with suspected cases: diagnostic criteria, and respiratory secretion were isolated from H7N9 avian influenza virus or avian H7N9 influenza virus nucleic acid detection positive
重症病例:肺炎合并呼吸功能衰竭或其他器官功能衰竭者为重症病例。
Severe cases: pneumonia complicated with respiratory failure or other organ failure in severe cases
(二)鉴别诊断。应注意与人感染高致病性H5N1禽流感、季节性流感(含甲型H1N1流感)、细菌性肺炎、传染性非典型肺炎(SARS)、新型冠状病毒肺炎、腺病毒肺炎、衣原体肺炎、支原体肺炎等疾病进行鉴别诊断。鉴别诊断主要依靠病原学检查。
(two) the differential diagnosis Attention should be paid to the highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza, seasonal flu and human infection (including the influenza a H1N1 influenza), bacterial pneumonia, infectious atypical pneumonia (SARS), a novel coronavirus pneumonia disease, adenovirus pneumonia, Chlamydia pneumoniae, mycoplasma pneumonia, differential diagnosis Differential diagnosis should mainly rely on the etiological examination
五、治疗
Five, treatment
(一)对临床诊断和确诊患者应进行隔离治疗。
(a) for clinical diagnosis and diagnosed patients should be treated in isolation
(二)对症治疗。可吸氧、应用解热药、止咳祛痰药等。
(two) for symptomatic treatment Application of oxygen, can be antipyretic, cough expectorant
(三)抗病毒治疗。应尽早应用抗流感病毒药物。
(three) antiviral treatment Early application of antiviral drugs
1神经氨酸酶抑制剂:可选用奥司他韦(Oseltamivir)或扎那米韦(Zanamivir),临床应用表明对禽流感病毒H5N1和H1N1感染等有效,推测对人感染H7N9禽流感病毒应有效。奥司他韦成人剂量75mg每日两次,重症者剂量可加倍,疗程5-7天。扎那米韦成人剂量10mg,每日两次吸入。
1 neuraminidase inhibitors: use oseltamivir or zanamivir (Oseltamivir) (Zanamivir), clinical application shows that effective against avian influenza virus H5N1 and H1N1 infection, speculated that the effective of human infection with the H7N9 avian influenza virus Oseltamivir adult dose of 75mg two times a day, severe dose may be doubled, treatment 5-7 days Zana Mi Vee adult dose 10mg, two times daily intake
2离子通道M2阻滞剂:目前实验室资料提示金刚烷胺(Amantadine)和金刚乙胺(Rimantadine)耐药,不建议单独使用。
2 M2 ion channel blocker: the laboratory data suggest that amantadine and rimantadine (Amantadine) (Rimantadine) resistance, is not recommended to use alone
(四)中医药治疗。
(four) treated with traditional Chinese medicine
1疫毒犯肺,肺失宣降
1 disease drug lung, lung loses Xuan drop
症状:发热,咳嗽,少痰,头痛,肌肉关节疼痛。
Symptoms: fever, cough, less sputum, headache, muscle and joint pain
治法:清热宣肺
Method: heat Xuanfei
参考处方:
Reference prescription:
桑叶 金银花 连翘 炒杏仁 生石膏 知母 芦根 青蒿 黄芩 生甘草
Mulberry leaf honeysuckle and Forsythia Chao Xingren Anemarrhenae Rhizoma Phragmitis gypsum Artemisia Scutellaria Radix Glycyrrhizae
水煎服,每日1—2剂,每4—6小时口服一次。
Shuijianbi, daily 1 - 2, every 4 - 6 hours once oral
加减:咳嗽甚者加枇杷叶、浙贝母。
Addition and subtraction: cough worse add loquat leaf, Zhejiang fritillaria
中成药:可选择疏风解毒胶囊、连花清瘟胶囊、清开灵注射液。
Proprietary Chinese medicine: can choose Shufengjiedu capsule, Lianhua Qingwen capsule, Qingkailing injection
2疫毒壅肺,内闭外脱
The 2 epidemic disease in the lung, unconsciousness and collapse
症状:高热,咳嗽,痰少难咯,憋气,喘促,咯血,四末不温,冷汗淋漓,躁扰不安,甚则神昏谵语。
Symptoms: fever, cough, sputum less difficult to argue, shortness of breath, dyspnea, hemoptysis, four end not warm, cold sweat, manic disturbed, even Shenhun delirium
治法:清肺解毒,扶正固脱
Treatment: the Qingfei detoxification, strengthening the body resistance
参考处方:
Reference prescription:
炙麻黄 炒杏仁 生石膏 知母 鱼腥草 黄芩
Chinese ephedra Chao Xingren gypsum Anemarrhena Houttuynia Scutellaria
炒栀子 虎杖 山萸肉 太子参
Fried Gardenia Polygonum cuspidatum Cornus heterophylla
水煎服,每日1—2剂,每4—6小时口服或鼻饲一次。
Shuijianbi, daily 1 - 2, every 4 - 6 hours of oral or nasal feeding time
加减:高热、神志恍惚、甚至神昏谵语者,上方送服安宫牛黄丸;肢冷、汗出淋漓者加人参、炮附子、煅龙骨、煅牡蛎;咯血者加赤芍、仙鹤草、侧柏叶;口唇紫绀者加三七、益母草、黄芪、当归尾。
Addition and subtraction: high fever, trance, and even coma, above take of Angong Niuhuang Pill; cold limbs, sweating profusely with ginseng, Cyperus rotundus, calcined keel, calcined oyster; hemoptysis and radix paeoniae rubra, agrimony, Oriental Arborvitae; cyanosis plus three seven, motherwort, astragalus, angelica tail
中成药:可选择参麦注射液、生脉注射液。
Proprietary Chinese medicine: choice of Shenmai injection, Shengmai injection
(五)加强支持治疗和预防并发症。注意休息、多饮水、增加营养,给易于消化的饮食。密切观察,监测并预防并发症。抗菌药物应在明确继发细菌感染时或有充分证据提示继发细菌感染时使用。
(five) to strengthen support for the treatment and prevention of complications Pay attention to rest, more water, increase nutrition, to easily digestible diet Close observation, monitoring and prevention of complications Antimicrobial agents should be sufficient evidence of secondary bacterial infection in clear secondary bacterial infection or
(六)重症患者的治疗。重症患者应入院治疗,对出现呼吸功能障碍者给予吸氧及其他相应呼吸支持,发生其它并发症的患者应积极采取相应治疗。
(six) in treatment of severe patients Patients should be hospitalized, support oxygen and other relevant respiration to respiratory dysfunction, patients with other complications should actively take corresponding treatment
1呼吸功能支持:
1 respiratory support:
(1)机械通气:重症患者病情进展迅速,可较快发展为急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)。在需要机械通气的重症病例,可参照ARDS机械通气的原则进行。
(1) mechanical ventilation: the progression of severe patients rapidly, which can rapidly developed acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) In need of mechanical ventilation in severe cases, can consult ARDS mechanical ventilation principle
①无创正压通气:出现呼吸窘迫和(或)低氧血症患者,早期可尝试使用无创通气。但重症病例无创通气疗效欠佳,需及早考虑实施有创通气。
The noninvasive positive pressure ventilation: respiratory distress and (or) hypoxemia in patients with early, can try to use noninvasive ventilation But severe cases of noninvasive ventilation poor efficacy, they should consider implementing invasive mechanical ventilation
②有创正压通气:鉴于部分患者较易发生气压伤,应当采用ARDS保护性通气策略。
② invasive positive pressure ventilation: given that some patients are more prone to barotrauma, should adopt the ARDS protective ventilation strategies
(2)体外膜氧合(ECMO):传统机械通气无法维持满意氧合和(或)通气时,有条件时,推荐使用ECMO。
(2) the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO): conventional mechanical ventilation is unable to maintain satisfactory oxygenation and (or) ventilation, conditional, recommend the use of ECMO
(3)其他:传统机械通气无法维持满意氧合时,可以考虑俯卧位通气或高频振荡通气(HFOV)。
(3) other: conventional mechanical ventilation is unable to maintain satisfactory oxygenation, can consider the prone position ventilation or high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV)
2其他治疗:在呼吸功能支持治疗的同时,应当重视其他器官功能状态的监测及治疗;预防并及时治疗各种并发症尤其是医院获得性感染。
2 other treatment: in the respiratory support therapy at the same time, should pay attention to monitoring and treatment of other organs of state; prevention and timely treatment of complications especially hospital acquired infection
六、其它
Six, other
严格规范收治人感染H7N9禽流感患者医疗机构的医院感染控制措施。遵照标准预防的原则,根据疾病传播途径采取防控措施。具体措施依据《人感染H7N9禽流感医院感染预防与控制技术指南(2013年版)》的相关规定。
Strictly regulate the patients medical H7N9 avian influenza were hospital infection control measures In accordance with the standards of the precautionary principle, control measures according to the disease transmission "Specific measures on the basis of human infection with the H7N9 avian influenza prevention and control of hospital infection technical guide (2013 Edition)" the relevant provisions
看完了以上的措施和规定,不知你是否已经明白了呢快去告诉身边的人吧,预防禽流感,人人有责!
After reading the above measures and regulations, I do not know whether you understand Go and tell the people around it, to prevent bird flu, is everyone's responsibility!
俯卧位的并发症不包括高血压。
俯卧位的并发症包括皮肤压伤坏死、外周神经损伤、肌肉损伤,高血压也称血压升高,是血液在血管中流动时对血管壁造成的压力值持续高于正常的现象。
俯卧位手术常见并发症的防范进展俯卧位相关并发症包括压疮、呼吸循环系统变化、周围神经损伤、眼部受损、生殖器官受压等。此体位可造成患者生理学的改变,导致循环、呼吸障碍,神经损伤和皮肤压疮等并发症。
腰椎间盘突出可以这样锻炼:侧卧抬腿、对抗性运动、压腹锻炼、飞燕式锻炼、反复搓腰
1、侧卧抬腿:在床上或地上放一个抱枕,躺下用腹部压在枕头上,一只手用力伸向前,另一只手放在身体的一侧以保持身体的平衡。两腿伸直,而上面的腿伸直向上抬起,脚趾翘起。抬腿10次,反身换另一条腿再做10次,可做3~5个来回。
2、对抗性运动:它的作用:锻炼你的应激能力、反应能力和综合使你身体的协调性能力。对抗性运动不要求太激烈,做一些强度适当的运动,对你的身体协调和恢复是极佳的。
3、压腹锻炼:每日早晚都可做压腹运动,即跪着,用两手前臂在前面台子上,高度适当,中间腰腹部慢慢压下去,停留5秒,再做,每回做约10个。一方面可加强腰背肌的锻炼,另一方面使椎间隙及纤维环,椎间韧带发生旋转,牵拉,产生周边压力,突出物易于回纳,可使椎体关节恢复解刨功能位,达到适应状态。
4、飞燕式锻炼:俯卧于床,双手伸向前抬举,双腿伸直同时抬举,上半身向上抬起,身体两端同时抬离于床,像燕子飞一样,每次做约30个。
5、反复搓腰:将双手分别放于同侧腰大肌处,隔薄衣或去衣,由上向下,用力反复搓约15次,以双侧腰部发热为度,这既可以舒腰,还可以减肥细腰。
人民网-腰椎间盘突出症患者自我康复锻炼
俯卧位正确姿势如下:
卧位关键点在于始终保持面部朝下,与地面基本平行,床上俯卧位、头低坐位、头低站位或行走多种卧位姿势可交替。
坐位或俯卧床时,额头可用眼科专用头垫辅助,胸前垫一软枕,以确保头面部持续保持与地面水平的体位,又可防止口鼻部受压,减轻胸闷、心慌等不适感。另外,俯卧位时双足踝关节可垫一软枕,以增加舒适度。
做俯卧注意事项
1、运动量不宜一次过大,要注意循序渐进,由易到难,由少到多,由轻到重。
2、根据自己的体质状况,控制合适的运动量,并长期坚持。
3、要做好准备和放松活动,防止受伤和肌肉拉伤。
4、做俯卧撑的个数应该可以一分钟在二十个,总数可以做三十个左右。可以慢慢的加。以后越做越多。
5、老人禁用指式、击掌、负重练习法。心脏病、高血压患者禁用此法。
6、俯卧撑为重力训练,长期做俯卧撑容易对指关节(拳式)、腕关节和肩关节造成较大的压力和冲击,引发以上部分疼痛和受损,所以平时需对这些关节多加保养。
俯卧位的注意事项:
1俯卧时,两臂屈曲放于头的两侧,两腿伸直;
2胸下,髋部及踝部各放一软枕,头偏向一侧。
适用范围:
(1)腰背部检查或配合胰,胆管造影检查时。
(2)脊椎手术后或腰,背,臀部有伤口,不能使用平卧或侧卧的人群。
(3)胃肠胀气导致腹痛时。采取俯卧位,使腹腔容积增大,可缓解胃肠胀气所致的腹痛。
古斯塔夫
无后坐力炮
卡尔·古斯塔夫无后座力炮 (瑞典语:Carl Gustaf,英语:Carl Gustaf recoilless rifle;亦称:古斯塔夫、M2CG)是一系列由瑞典萨博博福斯动力公司生产,当前较常见的84毫米单兵携带并可重复使用式多用途无后座力炮,发射84×246毫米炮弹。
卡尔·古斯塔夫基本上是由炮管连后膛式文丘里式后座缓冲器,加上炮管前面的两个握把(分别是垂直前握把和手枪式握把),以及枪托组件和两脚式支架的接口所组成。
主体分为燃烧室和导向管两部分。
这款武器装有其机械瞄具,但更常见的是利用左侧的光学瞄准镜支座上装上的3倍放大倍率连17°视野的光学瞄准镜瞄准。最现代化的衍生型已配备瑞典Aimpoint公司(Aimpoint AB)所生产FCS13-RE火控系统。
而在夜间瞄准时,可以使用内置氚光的照门及准星协助瞄准,但也可以使用热成像红外仪系统。
卡尔·古斯塔夫可以站立、跪、坐或俯卧位射击,并可以在枪托组件的前面装上两脚式支架以固定于地面及射击。
还有一个被称为“文丘里锁”(Venturi lock)的操作手柄,是用来移开后边以铰链连接的后膛以便重新装填。
这款武器通常由两个人为一组操作这武器,其中一人是携带这武器并且使用它射击。
而另一人则携带这武器的弹药并且协助重新装填。
卡尔·古斯塔夫M2和M2-550是由金属制成;卡尔·古斯塔夫M3是由玻璃钢和碳纤维强化塑料制成,重量减至85千克。
而全新的版本卡尔·古斯塔夫M4则是通过使用更轻的零部件,重量再减至66千克。
M3多用途反装甲反坦克武器系统(Multi-role Anti-armor Anti-tank Weapon System,简称:MAAWS)是美国对卡尔·古斯塔夫M3无后坐力炮的命名。
它主要是给被美国特种作战司令部以下的部队使用,例如:美国陆军特种部队、第75游骑兵团、美国海军海豹突击队、三角洲特种部队、海豹突击队第六小队和美国海军陆战队特种作战部队司令部。
而被第75游骑兵团使用的卡尔·古斯塔夫M3又被称为游骑兵反坦克武器系统。
弹药:
SMOKE 469B(FFV 469):烟幕弹,发射后类似FFV441,有效射程大约是1,300米,重量为31 千克,而炮口初速为255米每秒。
HEDP 502(FFV 502):高爆双用途弹,拥有多个用途,可以设置引爆达到碰撞后引爆或是十分之一秒以后才引爆。
对付分散的软目标(例如步兵)时使用机械瞄具的有效射程为1000米,对付固定目标时为500米。对付轧压均质装甲时的贯穿深度超过150 毫米。炮弹的重量为33 千克,而炮口初速为230米每秒。
ASM 509(FFV 509):反结构弹药,专为破坏建筑物和其他类型的城市建筑而设计。引信具有两种模式,撞击或延迟功能。
HEAT 751(FFV 751):串联高爆破甲弹,有尾翼稳定及火箭推进,有效射程为500米,穿深500毫米装甲。重量为4千克。
HEAT 551(FFV 551):高爆破甲弹,对付大型固定目标的有效射程远至700米,对移动目标则是400米;对付轧压均质装甲时的贯穿深度400 毫米。炮弹重量为32 千克,炮口初速为255米每秒。
研发日期
M1:1946年
M2:1964年
M3:1991年
M4:2014年重量
空炮:
M2:142千克(3131磅)
M2-550:15千克(3307磅)
M3:10千克(2205磅)
M4:7千克(1543磅)瞄具
机械瞄具:照门及准星
光学瞄准镜:3倍放大倍率
激光测距仪
热成像红外仪系统
M3E1:Aimpoint FCS13-RE火控系统
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