常用词组
put about
散布（消息）；宣称
'It's being put about that she was secretly married to a millionaire' 'Who put that lie about'
'谣传她已与一百万富翁秘密结婚。''这谣言是谁散布的'
They put it about with one voice that they would do no such thing
他们异口同声地宣称不愿做这样的事。
put across
解释；表达
I'm not putting my meaning across very well
我未把我的意思解释清楚。
表演得令人赞赏(= put over)
欺骗；哄骗；（用不正当手段）搞成
She put it across me by selling me some bad eggs
她欺骗我，卖给我几个臭鸡蛋。
(= put over on)
put aside
节省（钱、时间）；储蓄；储存…备用
The young lovers have been trying to put some money aside for their marriage ceremony
年青的恋人一直努力存钱以备举行婚礼时用。
He has a little money put aside for a rainy day
他积蓄了一点钱以备不时之需。
撇开；置之不理；把…放在一边
The manager had to put his work aside for a time for an urgent accident
经理不得不暂时搁下手头的工作去处理一件紧急事故。
put away
储存（钱）；储存…备用；储蓄 (= put by)
吃掉；喝掉
The boy put the food away in the cupboard after he finished his dinner
小男孩吃完晚饭后把食品在橱里放好。
把…关进监狱；把…送进疯人院
put back
拨回；向后移
to put back the clock
把时钟向后拨
推迟；延期；搁置；拖延
to put back acting
推迟行动
The fire accident in the workshop has put back production
车间里的火灾事故妨碍了生产。
put by
储蓄；储存…备用；储存（钱）
put down
写下；记下
"Put it down to my account, please"
请记在我的帐上。
控制；击败；平定；取缔
to put down the opposition
击败对手
"The mother didn't like her son staying out at night, so she put her foot down and forbade him to do it again"
"母亲不喜欢儿子在外夜宿不归,所以她斩钉截铁地禁止他再那样做。"
付（定金）
使（某人）自惭形秽
使（飞机）着陆；着陆
宰杀（老、病的动物）
put down as
视为；看作
I'd put him down as an uneducated man
我把他看做没有受过教育的人
I put his bad temper down to his recent mood of frustration
我把他的坏脾气归因于他近来沮丧的情绪。
put down for
把（某人）列入（捐款人）名单
Put him down for $500
写下他捐500美元。
将（某人）列入后补名单
将某人视为…；把某人看作…
put down to
说…因（某事）而起
I put his bad temper down to his recent illness
我认为他脾气坏是因为他最近生病。
将…记到（某人账上）
put forward
提出（意见、建议）
"In 1860, a better plan was put forward by an Englishman, William Low"
"1860年,一个名叫威廉娄的英国人提出了一项更好的计划。"
推荐；提名；推举
Shall we put Mr Willinton forward as the candidate for chairman of the committee
"我们提名惠灵顿先生作为委员会主席的候选人,好吗"
拨快；把时针向前拨(= put on)
使（某人）受注意；使突出
put in
打断；插嘴
‘Don't forget us,’ she put in
“别忘了我们，”她插嘴道。
进港；进入并作短暂停留
The ship put in at Portsmouth to fuel
船驶入朴次茅斯港口加煤。
The boat had to put into Liverpool for supplies
"那艘船只得在利物浦停靠,装载补给品。"
要求（赔偿）
"If the goods are damaged in the post, you can put in a claim to the post office"
"如果货物在邮递途中遭到损坏,你可向邮局索赔。"
打击
put in a blow
重重一击
做；花费
We must now put our plans into practice
我们现在必须把我们的计划付诸实施。
put in a years' work
花去一年工夫put in for
申请；正式要求
They've put in for more money for the building of the new highway
他们已为这条新公路的建设申请要更多的钱了。
put in a good word for
为…美言几句
put off
延期；推迟
Don't put off until tomorrow what can be done today
今日可做的事不要拖到明天。
There's an hour to put in before we set off
我们还得待一小时才出发。
推托；推诿
使…气馁
关掉；避开；使转换方向
The monitor's thinking things over; nobody should do anything to put him off
"班长正在细细考虑,任何人都不要使他分心。"
put on
假装；伪装
"She was a shy girl, but she put on a bold front and went to the party"
"她是个害羞的女孩子,然而她却装出一副勇敢的样子去参加聚会。"
She's by no means really mad; she puts it on in order to gain attention
"她决不是真的疯了,她只是为了引起人们的注意才假装的。"
增加；添上
So many people wanted to go to the match that another train had to be put on
"要去观看比赛的人那么多,只好增开一列火车。"
put on speed
增加速度
The old gentleman likes to put grease on his hair to make it shiny
老先生喜欢喜欢给头发擦上发膏使它光亮。
表演，演出，上演（戏剧）
穿上；戴上
He put his coat on
他穿上外衣。
The workers on the construction site should put on their safety helmets before starting to work
建筑工地上的工人在开始工作以前都必须戴上安全帽。
拨快；把时针向前拨
In Britain they put the clock on an hour in spring
"在英国,人们在春季便把时钟拨快一小时。"
开；打开
Put on the radio
打开收音机
put onto
向…介绍；向…提供（资料）
I can put you onto a good lawyer
我可以向你介绍一位好的律师
put out
熄灭；关熄；扑灭
Please put out the light before you go to bed
上床之前请把灯关掉
使忧虑；激怒；困扰；麻烦（某人）
生产；出产；出版
put oneself out
费神；花工夫
She likes to keep herself to herself and never puts herself out to help others
"她喜欢独处,从不费神去帮助他人。"
put over
解释；说明；表达
The speaker failed to put his ideas over clearly enough so that some misunderstanding arose
"发言者没有把自己的观点解释得十分清楚,因而引起了一些误解。"
put through
接通电话
Can you put me through to this number
你能给我接通这个电话号码吗
Your call has been put through
你要的电话接通了。
打电话
put to
问（问题）；提（建议）
用某种方式试验（某物或某人）
to put the matter to a vote
用投票方式解决此事
A person's courage is put to the proof in any kind of dangerous or urgent situation
一个人的勇气在任何一种危险或是紧急情况下都会受到考验。
put together
商量
You two had better put your heads together about the matter
你们两人最好商量一下这件事。
put up
举起；抬起；张开（伞）
to put up a tent
架起帐篷
Put your hands up!; Put 'em up!
举起手来!
张贴；公布
to put up a notice
张贴布告
"Jasper has put up 'No Parking' signs outside his gate, but these have not had any effect"
"贾斯珀把几块`禁止停车'的牌子挂在大门外边,但这没有任何效果。"
接待；为…提供食宿；供膳宿
We can put up ten people for the night at a pinch
必要时我们可以留宿十个人。
提供（资金）；供应（某事所需之钱 ）
表现出；显示出；做出
to put up a bluff
虚张声势
Your last remark has really put his monkey up
你最后一句话实在使他大为生气。
出售
She's putting her new car up for sale
她要把她的新车卖掉。
推荐（某人做某事）
put up to
鼓动；唆使…做…
Who put you up to this trick
是谁唆使你玩这种把戏的？
put up with
忍受；忍耐；受苦
I can't put up with your hypocricy any more
我再也不能容忍你的虚伪态度了。
"That woman, as a housewife, has a lot to put up with"
那个女人是个家庭主妇不得不忍受许多烦恼。
1 put aside 节省(钱、时间);储蓄;把……放在一边
He has a little money put aside for a rainy day
他积蓄了一点钱以备不时之需。
The manager had to put his work aside for a time for an urgent accident
经理不得不暂时搁下手头的工作去处理一件紧急事故。
2 put away 收拾起来;储存(钱);喝掉
The boy put the food away in the cupboard after he finished his dinner
小男孩吃完晚饭后把食品放到橱柜里。
3 put back 时钟向后拨;放回原处;拖延
Please put the dictionary back where it was
请把字典放回原处。
We had to put the meeting back a week
我们不得不把会议推迟一周。
4 put down 写下;记下;控制
Put it down to my account, please
请记在我的帐上。
It's time that the government put down interest rates
政府早该降低利率了。
5 put forward 提出(意见、建议);推荐;把时针向前拨
She has decided to put herself forward as a candidate
她已经决定自荐为候选人。
6 put off 延期;推迟
Don't put off until tomorrow what can be done today
今日事,今日毕。
7 put on 假装;增加;上演(戏剧)
She's by no means really mad; she puts it on in order to gain attention
她绝不是真的疯了,她只是为了引起人们的注意才假装的。
8 put out 熄灭;使忧虑;扑灭;出版
Would you mind putting your cigarette out, please
把烟熄了,好吗
9 put through 接通电话
Your call has been put through
你要的电话接通了。
10 put up 举起;张开(伞);张贴;为……提供食宿
We can put up ten people for the night at a pinch
必要时我们可以留宿十个人。
11 put up with 忍受;忍耐;受苦
That woman, as a housewife, has a lot to put up with
作为家庭主妇,那女人得忍受很多烦恼。
还有一些常用的
● put in an appearance：露脸
“As is often the case, the director will put in an appearance in every office and then leave”
● put in the picture：把近况告诉……
“What new machines have been acquired The manager wants the purchasing officer to put him in the picture”
● put in the shade：使……逊色
“The three winning essays have put all the others in the shade”
● put on the map：让……出名
“Some popular new products put the manufacturers on the map”
● put off the scent：误导……
“The suspect managed to put the police off the scent by directing them to a wrong place”
● put on airs：摆架子
“I avoid talking to those who are arrogant and putting on airs too much”
● put on his guard：劝……当心
“Rumours that the company will lay off staff put some on the guard”
● put on a pedestal：把……当偶像崇拜
“Many students put their knowledgeable teachers on a pedestal by accepting their ideas without question”
● put out feelers：放出触角
“The two political parties seem to be interested in a compromise, so they have started putting out feelers”
● put a spoke in someone's wheel：妨碍某人的计划
“The research grant has been approved and should come to us soon unless someone puts a spoke in our wheel”
● put one's money on：对……有把握
“The ruling party will win the general election again I can put my money on it”
● put "paid" to：结束……；毁掉
“A sudden serious illness put 'paid' to Michael's chances of taking part in the long-distance race”
● put the lid on：禁止……
“There have been reports about information insecurity The police are determined to do something to put the lid on any further leakage of confidential news”
● put one's thinking cap on：动脑筋想
“This is a thorny issue, which requires your putting your thinking cap on”
● put one through one's paces：考验某人的本领
“The purpose of having a series of seminars is to put the participants through their paces”
● put through the mill：使……经历磨练
“At the interview, the interviewers asked difficult questions with a view to putting every interviewee through the mill”
● put someone's name forward：正式提某人的名
“Many members put Joe's name forward to serve on the Town Council”
● put it down to experience：从经验中学习
“Everyone has a bitter taste of failure; never mind! Put it down to experiene”
● put behind：尝试把……忘掉
“Our national team should put last night's defeat behind it and concentrate on the coming match”
● to put it bluntly：不客气地说
“To put it bluntly, the man you recommended is just not good enough for the job”
太多了啊。只好转摘。
------------------------
put about 1及物动词 使转变方向；公布，宣布，散布； 〔Scot 口〕 使苦恼，使心烦，使窘，使混乱 (＝put out)。 2不及物动词 (掉头)折回；航海掉转航路(方向，船头) (put oneself about 为难)。
put across 美满完成，弄成功；堂堂开张。
put aside 挪开，撇开，避开；扔弃；排除 (put aside one's difficulties 排除困难)。
put asunder 分开，拆散。
put at 估量作。
put (sb ) at his ease 使宽心[放心，安心]。
put away 1及物动词 (a) 拿开，收掉，贮存，留下来(以后用)。 (b) 排斥；扔掉，忘记；进(医院、监狱等)。 (c) 抛弃，放弃。 (d) 〔俚语〕吃光，喝光 (put away a gallon of beer 喝光1加仑啤酒) (船)开行。 (e) 〔俚语〕当，押；葬；反叛；告密。 2不及物动词 (船)开行 (put away for Shanghai 开往上海)。
put back 1及物动词 放在原来地方，送回；使退回，拨慢，拨回(钟、表的)针；使退步，妨碍，阻碍；延迟；羁押(犯人)。 2 vi 回去，折回；〔比喻〕变年轻。
put by 1 避开(人、质问等)；搁在一边，推脱，置之不理。 2 积蓄，储存。
put down 1 放下。 2 镇压；制止，使沉默。 3 削减，减，节省；降级，剥夺职权。 4 记下；登记(作申请人) 5 以为，认为 (as for)。 6 归，担，推给 (to) (He put the mistake down to me 他把错误推给我)。 7 〔口语〕大喝。 8 (飞机)着陆。 put down the drain 〔口语〕浪费。 put down in black and white 白纸黑字写下。
put for 以…为目标前进。
put forth 1及物动词 突出，长出，伸出；放(光)；表现，发挥，拿出(力量等)；陈列；出版，发行；建议。 2不及物动词 发芽；〔诗〕出发。
put forward 1 建议，提倡；促进，振兴；推举(候补人等)。 2 使突出，显眼。
put heads together 讨论，商量。
put home 1 戳进；撵走。 2 坚持到底。
put in 1及物动词 插(嘴)；替人说(话)，吹嘘吹嘘 (put in a word for a friend 替朋友辩护)；提出(要求、文件等)；加以(打击等)；使就任，任命，请(家庭教师等)花费(时间)。 2不及物动词 (船)入港，靠码头；进来，访问 (put in at a port 入港)。 put(sb ) in [into] a junk 吓(某人)。 put (sb ) in a fix [hole] 使某人陷入绝境。
put in for 申请，做候补人。
put in force 实施。
put in hand 着手，动作。
put in mind of 提醒，使想起。
put in motion 开动。
put into 1 插入；注入。 2 (船)入港，开进。
put into shape 使体现。
put it across (him) 严厉批评[责备]。
put it aptly 说得好。
put it in another way 用另一方式说，换句话说。
put it on 〔口语〕讨高价；乱吹牛；假装。 put it on ice 〔美俚〕忘记。
put it over 〔美俚〕成功，考试及格。
not to put it past (sb ) 〔美口〕 1 认为某人能做某事。 2 认为那是某人的本分。
put it (to sb ) that (向某人)建议。
put it to (sb) 征求(某人)意见。
put off 1及物动词 拿走，拿开；脱(衣帽等)；避开，推辞，推脱(人、要求)；搁置；使等；拖，延期 (till until to) 拿(假货等)骗人，使人上当 (on upon) 排斥，黜免，驱逐，丢弃；谏止 (from) 妨碍，反叛，出卖；使为难；使没有精神去…，使厌恶 (be put off one's meals 不想吃饭)。 2不及物动词 (船…船员等)离岸，出发，动身。 put on 1 穿上(衣服)，戴上(眼镜)。 2 增加(体重、速度等) (put on flesh 长肉。 put on the pace 赶紧走。 put on weight 增加体重)；(比赛等中)得(分) (to)。 3 装，假装 (His modesty is all put on 他的谦虚全是假的)。 4 赌 (put ￡5 on a horse 赌某马5镑)。 5 使走快，拨快 (put the clock on 把钟拨快)。 6 任命。 7 使工作；煽动，教唆，撺掇。 8 上演(剧本)。 9 把(罪)推给。 10 推荐，介绍 (to)。 put on an act 〔美俚〕假装。 put on airs 摆架子。 put on lugs 〔美俚〕装腔作势，摆架子。
put on steam 1 使劲，加油。 2 开动，投入生产。
put one's back up 1 (美橄榄球)抵抗，顶住。 2 激怒。
put oneself out of the way 自找麻烦。
put oneself over (an audience) 使(听众)理解[接受、欢迎]。
put out 1及物动词 拿出，长出，发出(芽等)；迁移，移植(树苗)；转让，交出；逐出，赶出，撵走，解雇； 伸出(手)；熄(火)，灭火；表现，表示，发挥；交给(人)；出产；完成；作出；发行，出版；使出场(比赛)；弄脱(关节)，使脱臼；贷出(款子)，投资，花费，存款；触怒，惹，使窘，使为难；棒球使打出界外，使出局。 2不及物动词 开船；〔美国〕出发，发芽；突然跑掉。 put out of action 歼灭，消灭。 put out of service 关，停止。 put (sb) out of the way 除掉(某人)；把(某人)关进牢监。
put over 1 (船)渡过去。 2 延期。 3 (使戏剧、政策等)成功[得到好评]。 4 〔美俚〕顺利完成。
put through 1 完成，做好(工作等)。 2 戳穿。 3 使(议案等)通过。 4 使受(考验等)。 5 接通(电话) (Put me through to X 请接X先生)。
put together 1 编辑；拼拢。 2 比较考虑，合计。 3 使结婚。
put to it 折磨，使为难，使烦恼；强制 (be put to it 非常困苦)。
put (sb) to the door 辞退，解雇(某人)。
put up 1及物动词 (a) 挂，升(帆、旗等)；贴(广告等)；打(伞)；吊(蚊帐)；撑开(帐篷)；盖，造(房子)。 (b) 作(祷告)，提出(请求)。 (c) 收拾；收藏，插入刀鞘 (put up the sword 收刀；停止战争)；掩藏；(将汽车等)开进车房。 (d) 包捆，打包。 (e) 涨(价)。 (f) 上演(剧本)。 (g) 交去拍卖；拿去卖。 (h) 提名候选人，推荐。 (i) 留宿；得到食宿。 (j) 梳(头)。 (k) 配，配制(药等)。 (l) 赛马雇用…做骑师。 (m) 鼓动，唆使；(打猎时)赶出野兽。 (n) 通知，暗示 (to) 〔俚语〕计划，密谋。 (o) 公布(结婚的预告)。 2不及物动词 投宿(put up at an inn 住旅馆)；提名竞选；〔美俚〕付钱；下赌注。 put up the shutters 停业。 put upon 欺骗；压迫。 P- up or shut up! 〔美国〕拿出确实证据否则免开尊口!
put (sb) up to 唆使(某人)…，煽动(某人)…，告诉，教。
put up with 忍住，熬住，隐忍迁就。
信马登程往异方，任寻胜地振纲常。
足离此境非吾境，身在他乡即故乡。
早暮莫忘亲嘱咐，春秋须荐祖蒸尝。
漫云富贵由天定，三七男儿当自强。
分词组结构和内容解释。
第一句，“信马”，是偏正祠组，“信”是修饰“马”。“登程”是主谓词组，说明做什么。“往异方”是动宾词组，“往”是动词，“异方”是宾语。“信马”的信字有七种意义：(1)诚实；(2)信任；(3)消息；(4)信件；(5)随便；(6)信石（砒霜）；(7)同芯（艼芯草的心。这里应作为随便。“登程”即上路。“往”，去也。“异方”即其他地方。
第二句，“任寻”是主谓词组，“胜地”是偏正词组，“振纲常”是动宾词组，“振”是动词，“纲常”是宾语，说明动词的作用。
“任”有七个意思，(1)相信；(2)任命；(3)负担；(4)职务；(5)由着；(6)随便；(7)姓氏。“寻”找东西，“任寻”随意去找寻。“胜”有四个意思，(1)占优势；(2)担任；(3)超过；(4)优美的。“胜地”是好的地方。“振”(1)动摇；(2)奋起。“纲常”是三纲五常，三纲：君臣、父子、夫妻，君为臣纲，父为子纲，夫为妻纲。纲是拉网的绳。五常：君臣、父子、夫妻、兄弟、朋友，又叫五伦。
三四句是承，事情的发展。按律诗的规则，这两句用对联形式去写，叫做颔联（有四联的，分别叫首联、颔联、颈联、尾联，颔是脸的下部）。
第三句，“足离”、“此境”都是主谓词组。“非”是副词，“吾境”是主谓词组。
“足离此境”，我的脚离开这里，“非吾境”不是我的地方。
第四句，“身在”是主谓词组，“他乡”是偏正词组，“即”是副词，“故乡”是偏正词组。
“身在他乡”生活在别处，“即故乡”就是我的家乡。故乡祖宗生长的地方，自小就生活在那里，生于斯，长于斯。
这两句是对联，“足离此境”对“身在他乡”，“足”对“身”，是名词。“离”对“在”，是副词，“此境”对“他乡”，是偏正词组。“非”对“即”是副词。“吾境”对“故乡”是主谓词组。对得很工整。
第五六句是转，将意思转到另一件事情。起，是寻找地方，承，是他乡即故乡的道理。转，是不要忘记亲人和祖宗。
第五句，“早暮”是并列词组，“莫忘”“亲嘱咐”是主谓词组。“早暮”即早晚，“莫忘”的“莫”有三个意思，(1)不要；(2)没有；(3)不。即不要忘记。“亲嘱咐”，亲指父母，嘱咐即吩咐交带的意思。
第六句，“春秋”是并列词组，“须荐”“祖蒸尝”都是主谓词组。“春秋”是春天和秋天，意思是时间。“须”是必须。“荐”是(1)推举；(2)草席。“祖”祖先。“蒸”冬天的拜祭。“尝”(1)辨别滋味；(2)曾经。意思是清明和重阳不要忘记拜祭祖宗。第五六句在律诗中叫颈联。“早暮”对“春秋”是时令。“莫忘”对“须荐”是副词。“亲嘱咐”对“祖蒸尝”是行为的叙述。
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